Diabetic nephropathy has been reported in Peru as the first cause for end-stage kidney disease; and secondary prevention cannot not take place because of patients coming so late for their first nephrology assessment. Objectives: To determine the proportion of patients with diabetic nephropathy who come on time for their first nephrology assessment in Cayetano Heredia Hospital. Material and Method: We obtained demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 73 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus between January 2011 and January 2012. We describe rates and proportions. Results: Of these 73 patients assessed, 50 (68,49%) arrived with advanced kidney disease to the nephrology outpatient clinic (diabetic nephropathy, Mogensen stages IV and V), stage IV was the most frequent presentation, it was found in 47 patients (64,38%), and 3 (4,11%) arrived to the clinic with stage V diabet...

Diabetic nephropathy has been reported in Peru as the first cause for end-stage kidney disease; and secondary prevention cannot not take place because of patients coming so late for their first nephrology assessment. Objectives: To determine the proportion of patients with diabetic nephropathy who come on time for their first nephrology assessment in Cayetano Heredia Hospital. Material and Method: We obtained demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 73 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus between January 2011 and January 2012. We describe rates and proportions. Results: Of these 73 patients assessed, 50 (68,49%) arrived with advanced kidney disease to the nephrology outpatient clinic (diabetic nephropathy, Mogensen stages IV and V), stage IV was the most frequent presentation, it was found in 47 patients (64,38%), and 3 (4,11%) arrived to the clinic with stage V diabet...

Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de fibromialgia en el distrito de Chiclayo. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, exploratorio realizado en habitantes entre 18 a 65 años. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio, por conglomerados, estratificado, multietápico. Se dividió al distrito en 34 zonas según el mapa catastral actualizado al año 2011; se aplicó el cuestionario LFESSQ (cuestionario inglés para el tamizaje epidemiológico de la Fibromialgia), versión en español: Los individuos con dolor corporal difuso en el tamizaje fueron evaluados por el investigador principal mediante los criterios del Colegio Americano de Reumatología de 1990. Resultados: Se entrevistaron 548 habitantes; 504 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, 333 (66,3%) fueron mujeres. Los antecedentes más frecuentes fueron: diagnóstico previo de depresión 14 (2,5%); hipotiroidismo 11(2...

Objective: To determine the overall survival of patients on hemodialysis and prognostic factors associated. Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients who entered a chronic hemodialysis program at the Centro Nacional de Salud Renal of EsSALUD from 1994 and 2014. A total of 1789 patients were included, and data was gathered from the SIG version 2.0, which stores charts since 1994. The survival of the cohort and prognostic factors were evaluated. Results: Mean age was 49.7 ± 17.4 years; 779 (43.5%) were females; 393 (22%) were diabetics, and 592 (33.2%) had blood hypertension; 1408 (83%) had an arterio-venous fistula; 147 (8.16%) had positive serology for hepatitis C; 999 (55.84%) were admitted from 1994 to 2003 and 790 (44,16%) from 2003 to 2014. Survival of the cohort did not change by sex, presence of hypertension, serology at admission, or decade of admission.  Multivariate analysis...

Objective: To describe the characteristics and permanence of temporary central venous catheters (CVCT) for hemodialysis in the Nephrology Service of a public Hospital in the period 2015-2019. Methods: Retrospective cohort longitudinal analytical study. 2156 records of CVCT placement procedures for hemodialysis in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD-5) were included, the final condition of the catheters was recorded during the follow-up period. Patients lost to follow-up were excluded. Results: Twenty-one hundred and fifty-six procedures were evaluated in 1,650 patients. Locations of catheters were Jugular, 1019 (51,9%); Subclavian, 198 (9,2%); and Femoral 129 (5,9%). Main causes of withdrawal were catheter dysfunction in 730 cases (33,9%) and infection in 410 (19,1%). During the five-year course, changes were observed, such as: variation in starting hemodialysis with AVF fr...

Objective: To describe the characteristics and permanence of temporary central venous catheters (CVCT) for hemodialysis in the Nephrology Service of a public Hospital in the period 2015-2019. Methods: Retrospective cohort longitudinal analytical study. 2156 records of CVCT placement procedures for hemodialysis in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD-5) were included, the final condition of the catheters was recorded during the follow-up period. Patients lost to follow-up were excluded. Results: Twenty-one hundred and fifty-six procedures were evaluated in 1,650 patients. Locations of catheters were Jugular, 1019 (51,9%); Subclavian, 198 (9,2%); and Femoral 129 (5,9%). Main causes of withdrawal were catheter dysfunction in 730 cases (33,9%) and infection in 410 (19,1%). During the five-year course, changes were observed, such as: variation in starting hemodialysis with AVF fr...

Objective: To describe electrolyte and acid-base imbalances in patients with hyperglycemic crisis attended at emergency in a general hospital in Chiclayo. Methods: A case series of diabetic patients with hyperglycemic crisis that were followed for 3 hours. Clinical, demographic, blood gases, serum glucose and electrolytes were gathered from patient´s charts. Results: 52 patients were evaluated; mean age was 55.1 ± 16.9 years and 29 (55.8%) were females. Mean time to diagnosis was 4.3 ± 5.4 months; 13 (25.0%) occurred at onset of diabetes and 4 (7.7%) died. The most common symptom was mental confusion in 14 (26,9%) of patients, 30 (57,7%) had acute renal failure. Hyponatremia in 26 (50.0%) patients and hypokalemia in 18 (34.6%) were the most common electrolyte abnormalities found. Metabolic acidosis was more frequently found in patients with ketoacidosis than in hyperosmolar coma (85.0...

Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre ICP calculado por el modelo cinético de urea y la ingesta proteica determinada mediante encuesta dietética. Material y métodos: En el estudio analítico de correlación, se incluyeron 15 niños con insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) evaluados en un periodo de un año de seguimiento. Se determinó el ICP mediante la encuesta de Frecuencia de Consumo y recordatorio de 24 h por 3 días y el modelo cinético de la úrea, al inicio y al final del estudio. Se determinó albúmina sérica, urea sérica pre y post recolección de orina en el  periodo ínterdialítico y urea en orina del periodo interdialítico. Resultados. El 46,67%(7) fueron del sexo femenino y 53,33%(8) masculino. La edad fue 15 ±2 años. Al inicio, 20% de los pacientes tuvieron niveles de albúmina sérica normales y al final del estudio fue 86,67%. El promedio del ICP cal...

Objective: To describe the clinical, biochemical, and radiologic findings of girls with early puberty (EP) attended at a public hospital in Lima, Peru. Methods: This is a case series study that results from the review of clinical charts of girls diagnosed of (EP). Patients with peripheral EP, isolated thelarche and malformations were excluded. The Z-IMC, Z-genetic height, Z-height, and projected adult final height (PAFH) were calculated. The t-Student, Wilcoxon and Shapiro-Wilk tests were calculated using STATA version 17, a p values < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, the study was approved by the IRB of UPCH and HCH. Results: We reviewed 86 charts; mean age was 8,16±1.09 years and mean bone age was 10.33±1.27 years (p≤0.001). We found M2(19.7%), M3(59.3%) and M4(20.9%). Normal weight (27.9%), overweight (30.2%) and obesity (41.8%). Median LH was 0.6 (RIQ:0.4-1.8) an...

Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con intoxicación inducida e intencional, atendidos en un hospital general. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes con intoxicación inducida e intencional; de ambos sexos, mayores de 14 años. La información se obtuvo de la historia clínica de ingreso, entrevista personal, test de Hamilton y evaluación toxicológica en orina en los intoxicados inducidos. Resultados: De marzo a diciembre del 2006 hubo 45 pacientes con intoxicación inducida y 382 pacientes con intoxicación intencional, de estos últimos se tuvo información completa en 104. Los pacientes con intoxicación inducida en comparación a los intoxicados intencionales fueron varones (p=0,001); de mayor edad (31,62 ± 9,38 vs 26,85 ± 12,18 años) (p=0,011), mayor nivel de instrucción (p=0,04), empleados (p=0,01) y mayor nivel soci...

Objective. To determine the preconceptional, pregnancy, delivery and product risk factors related to perinatal mortality in the Hermilio Valdizan Hospital of Huanuco during 2007-2008 period. Materials and methods. A case series; retrospective and analytical design. The target population was all born in the hospital, registered in the clinical history, Perinatal Information System and CLAP. The perinatal mortality was response variable. The exposure variables were divided into preconceptional, pregnancy, delivery and product factors. Exclusion criteria were incomplete information in clinical history, Perinatal Computer System or CLAP. Bivariate analysis was performed with chi2, Fisher and Mann-Whitney U-test. Multivariate analysis was by multiple logistic regressions. Results. The perinatal mortality rate was 16,5 [IC95 % (12,3; 21,7)] per 1 000 live births (LB). Educational attainment (i...

Objective. To determine the preconceptional, pregnancy, delivery and product risk factors related to perinatal mortality in the Hermilio Valdizan Hospital of Huanuco during 2007-2008 period. Materials and methods. A case series; retrospective and analytical design. The target population was all born in the hospital, registered in the clinical history, Perinatal Information System and CLAP. The perinatal mortality was response variable. The exposure variables were divided into preconceptional, pregnancy, delivery and product factors. Exclusion criteria were incomplete information in clinical history, Perinatal Computer System or CLAP. Bivariate analysis was performed with chi2, Fisher and Mann-Whitney U-test. Multivariate analysis was by multiple logistic regressions. Results. The perinatal mortality rate was 16,5 [IC95 % (12,3; 21,7)] per 1 000 live births (LB). Educational attainment (i...

La automedicación es una práctica de riesgo cuyas consecuencias incluyen el enmascaramiento de la enfermedad, las reacciones adversas, interacciones de medicamentos, el aumento de la resistencia a ciertos tipos de drogas y las drogodependencias. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de automedicación en los consumidores de medicamentos que acuden a los establecimientos farmacéuticos de un distrito de Lima Metropolitana y las variaciones de las tasas según edad, sexo y grado de instrucción. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y trasversal, aplicando una encuesta durante los meses de setiembre a noviembre de 2013. La selección de la población fue por muestreo sistemático. Participaron 406 usuarios de establecimientos farmacéuticos del distrito de Pueblo Libre. Resultados: La frecuencia de automedicación en el distrito de Pueblo Libre fue 56,65% (IC 95% 0,4985 �...

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia y describir las manifestaciones musculoesqueléticas (MME) en pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica (HDC). Material y métodos: Es una serie de casos. Se incluyeron 68 pacientes con edad ≥ 18 años, en HDC ≥ 6 meses, del Centro de Hemodiálisis de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Los datos demográficos, clínicos, tiempo en hemodiálisis, dosis de diálisis e ingesta proteica, y calcio, fósforo y fosfatasa alcalina séricos fueron obtenidos de las historias clínicas, en 38 pacientes se determinó PTH sérico y a 37 pacientes se les realizó densitometría ósea como parte de su evaluación. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 52,1 ± 22,1 años, el 52,9% fueron mayores de 60 años, el tiempo en HDC 21,6 ± 17 meses, la nefropatía diabética fue la etiología más frecuente. El 73,5% de los pacientes presentaron MME. La artrosis y la lumbalgi...

Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas y bioquímicas en pacientes con histología compatible con esteatohepatitis del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza en el periodo 2010-2012. La frecuencia de esteatohepatitis alcohólica y no alcohólica, la presencia de síndrome metabólico y otros factores asociados a esteatohepatitis no alcohólica, sus principales indicaciones de biopsia hepática, y las características bioquímicas de acuerdo a la severidad del cuadro histológico. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluaron todas las biopsias hepáticas del período 2010-2012, se seleccionaron las muestras con diagnóstico de esteatohepatitis. Luego se revisaron sus respectivas historias clínicas. Resultados: 32 pacientes con esteatohepatitis cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, 28 fueron de sexo femenino y 4 masculino, cuya edad fue 49±12 años, 30 (94%) presentaba esteatohepatitis...

Objetivo: Realizar la adaptación cultural y validación psicométrica del cuestionario EORTC QLQ – STO 22 para evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer gástrico en el Perú. Materiales y métodos: La primera fase consistió en evaluar la validez de contenido y de apariencia. En la segunda fase se aplicó el cuestionario a pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer gástrico y se determinó la consistencia interna, confiabilidad test re-test, validez convergente, validez discriminante y validez de criterio. Resultados: La validez de contenido y de apariencia permitió modificar el cuestionario en dos preguntas/ítems (31 y 39). Se obtuvo un α de Cronbach global de 0,90 y coeficientes mayores a 0,7 en las sub-escalas multi-ítem. La fiabilidad test retest mostró una correlación global de 0,924. Al analizar la validez convergente y discriminante se encontró que los valores...

Objective: To determine whether an educational intervention strategy would improve the frequency of medical prescriptions for adequate thromboprophylaxis in a medicine service. Methods: Quasi-experimental study, in which in the pre-intervention phase the frequencies of indication of appropriate thromboprophylaxis by physicians from the medicine service were obtained. An 8-week educational intervention was carried out with this same group of doctors. In the post-intervention phase, the frequency of adequate thromboprophylaxis was measured at 2 and 4 months after the intervention. Results: The educational intervention was implemented in 112 resident physicians in medicine specialties. All prescriptions were made by the first-year resident physicians and endorsed by their supervising physician. Prior to the intervention, 47 (44.35%) adequate prescriptions were obtained, 13 (12.26%) suboptim...

Objective: To describe the clinical and urodynamic features of the hypoactive detrusor (DU) in women. Methods: Cross sectional comparative study between two groups of women with lower tract urinary symptoms. Group 1 were patients with Pdet Qmax 30 or with the bladder emptying efficiency (BVE) criteria, and Group 2 were patients without DU. Central tendency measures and proportions were used to report results and parametric tests were performed to compare groups. Results: 155 patients were included, 44 with DU (Group 1) and 111 without DU (Group 2); mean age was 60,8 ± 16,3 and 55,7 ± 13,4 respectively (p=0,0468). Nocturia (p=0,0061) and micturition effort (p=0,000) were the only variables identified in the bivariate analysis who achieved statistical significance. Mean Watts factor (WF) was 3,2 ± 1,0 y 6,0 ± 2,2 in Group 1 and 2, respectively (p=0,000), while mean projected isovolumet...

Objetivos: To determine the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and 24-hour proteinuria among single kidney patients with a minimum 5-year follow-up period. Material y métodos: The medical charts of single kidney attended at Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins (HNERM) from 2005-2016 were review. Information on 50 patients in whom data on GFR a 24-hour proteinuria was analyzed. Resultados: Median GFR was 109.74 ml/min/1.73m2 (RIQ 86.1-138.75); 22 patients were in the chronic renal disease stage classification I, 2 in chronic renal disease stage classification II and 5 in stage III; 26 patients (52%) had persistent and significant proteinuria, none of these had proteinuria in the nephrotic range. Conclusiones: Single kidney patients present long-term complications such as hyperfiltration and reduction of the GFR.

Objective: To describe clinical and urodynamic features in males with bladder underactive (DU) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, and exploratory case series among males with lower urinary tract symptoms. Group 1 were patients without BOO or unequivocal in the International Continence Society (ICS) nomogram but with DU diagnosis in the Scäafer’a nomogram. Group 2, patients with BOO in the ICS nomogram. A logistic regression model was conducted to identify the predictive variables of DU. Results: 95 patients were included, 36 with DU in group 1 and 59 with BOO in group 2. There was no difference in age and frequency of symptoms between groups. Age ≥ 56 years correlated with absence of DU [OR: 0.03 (0.01 – 0.26); p = 0.001], while DM [OR: 4.84 (1.21 – 19.34); p = 0.025] and DHIC [OR: 24.093 (6.66 – 87.10); p = 0.025] correlated with ...