La sugestión siempre ha sido utilizada por los seres humanos en otros seres humanos, tanto de forma consciente como inconsciente. Desde que la humanidad comenzó a ser consciente de sí, comenzaron los intentos para influir en los demás. En la práctica clínica, muchos odontopediatras usan la sugestión de forma intuitiva en el manejo de la conducta del paciente. El objetivo de este artículo  hacer una revisión bibliográfica sobre el uso de la sugestión en odontopediatría, los tipos de sugestión y algunas técnicas de sugestión usadas en el manejo de la conducta del niño.

La sugestión siempre ha sido utilizada por los seres humanos en otros seres humanos, tanto de forma consciente como inconsciente. Desde que la humanidad comenzó a ser consciente de sí, comenzaron los intentos para influir en los demás. En la práctica clínica, muchos odontopediatras usan la sugestión de forma intuitiva en el manejo de la conducta del paciente. El objetivo de este artículo  hacer una revisión bibliográfica sobre el uso de la sugestión en odontopediatría, los tipos de sugestión y algunas técnicas de sugestión usadas en el manejo de la conducta del niño.

The present study aims at evaluating the polyphenolic compounds of plant Oenothera rosea L' Hér. Ex Aiton in branches and leaves of five different methods. Phytochemical analysis for the abundance of tannins which are of great industrial importance is determined. It identifies and classifies tannins Oenothera rosea L' Hér. Ex Aiton , finding the presence of hydrolysable tannins and condensed . Deepened in valuing different types of tannins found , using methods Lowenthal and Folin - Ciocalteu for hydrolyzable tannins Stiasny and Technique Proanthocyanidin for condensed tannins using the UV method for the determination of both tannins in aqueous extracts and ethanol , the ethanol extracts being those with greater extracting power.

The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant activity of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the Oenothera rosea L "Hér. Ex Aiton by using the DPPH method getting as an inhibitory concentration far leaves in ethanol extrae!(IC50) 34,99 µg/ml. We also performed the antimicrobial activity assay which yielded an antibacterial response against Escherichia co/ i, but not against Sa/monel/a gal/inarun, far all concentrations of the aqueous and ethanol extracts.

The present study aims at evaluating the polyphenolic compounds of plant Oenothera rosea L' Hér. Ex Aiton in branches and leaves of five different methods. Phytochemical analysis for the abundance of tannins which are of great industrial importance is determined. It identifies and classifies tannins Oenothera rosea L' Hér. Ex Aiton , finding the presence of hydrolysable tannins and condensed . Deepened in valuing different types of tannins found , using methods Lowenthal and Folin - Ciocalteu for hydrolyzable tannins Stiasny and Technique Proanthocyanidin for condensed tannins using the UV method for the determination of both tannins in aqueous extracts and ethanol , the ethanol extracts being those with greater extracting power.

The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant activity of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the Oenothera rosea L "Hér. Ex Aiton by using the DPPH method getting as an inhibitory concentration far leaves in ethanol extrae!(IC50) 34,99 µg/ml. We also performed the antimicrobial activity assay which yielded an antibacterial response against Escherichia co/ i, but not against Sa/monel/a gal/inarun, far all concentrations of the aqueous and ethanol extracts.

In our research, a phytochemical screening was performed by the method of Cain - Bohmann modified yielding presence of good amount of saponins, which were identified as triterpenoid saponins using qualitative tests that were positive and the test of the foam reaction with the reagent Salwosky, Bouchard Liberman reagent and reaction with sulfuric acid. Three quantitative methods for extracting saponins from a hydroalcoholic extract of the plant and subsequent hydrolysis were developed. The difference of the first two methods was to use a method with the sample defatted with chloroform and the other without scouring . For the third method according to the procedure applied M.E.Wall et al. (1958). Extraction rates for the three methods saponins were 3.90%, 2.40 % and 2.02% respectively. Similarly the corresponding aglycones after acid were obtained by hydrolyzing the crude obtained via.

INTRODUCTION. Early prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal anomalies requires invasive techniques such as amniocentesis and chorionic villous sampling. We present our experience and the predictive value of ultrasonographic risk markers. DESIGN. Descriptive, transversal study. SETTING. Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Reproductiva, Lima, Peru. BIOLOGIC SAMPLES. Amniotic fluid and placenta. INTERVENTIONS. We analyzed the results of 163 amniocentesis and 12 chorionic villous sampling performed at our institute between January 2003 and September 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Chromosome anomalies. RESULTS. The most frequent indication for prenatal invasive techniques was maternal age above 38 years; 48 (27,9%) of the samples obtained were positive for chromosomal anomalies and trisomy 21 the most common finding. The highest frequency of chromosomal anomalies was found in pregnancies with more tha...

In our research, a phytochemical screening was performed by the method of Cain - Bohmann modified yielding presence of good amount of saponins, which were identified as triterpenoid saponins using qualitative tests that were positive and the test of the foam reaction with the reagent Salwosky, Bouchard Liberman reagent and reaction with sulfuric acid. Three quantitative methods for extracting saponins from a hydroalcoholic extract of the plant and subsequent hydrolysis were developed. The difference of the first two methods was to use a method with the sample defatted with chloroform and the other without scouring . For the third method according to the procedure applied M.E.Wall et al. (1958). Extraction rates for the three methods saponins were 3.90%, 2.40 % and 2.02% respectively. Similarly the corresponding aglycones after acid were obtained by hydrolyzing the crude obtained via.

INTRODUCTION. Early prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal anomalies requires invasive techniques such as amniocentesis and chorionic villous sampling. We present our experience and the predictive value of ultrasonographic risk markers. DESIGN. Descriptive, transversal study. SETTING. Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Reproductiva, Lima, Peru. BIOLOGIC SAMPLES. Amniotic fluid and placenta. INTERVENTIONS. We analyzed the results of 163 amniocentesis and 12 chorionic villous sampling performed at our institute between January 2003 and September 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Chromosome anomalies. RESULTS. The most frequent indication for prenatal invasive techniques was maternal age above 38 years; 48 (27,9%) of the samples obtained were positive for chromosomal anomalies and trisomy 21 the most common finding. The highest frequency of chromosomal anomalies was found in pregnancies with more tha...

Objectives: To determine the feasibility of cervical length measurement by transabdominal ultrasound at 20-23 weeks of gestation and to correlate this measurements with those obtained by tansvaginal ultrasound. Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Setting: Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Reproductiva (ILSAR), Lima, Peru. Participants: Pregnant women. Methods: In 67 pregnant women with no risk factors for preterm delivery (PTD) measurement of the uterine cervix at 20-23 weeks of gestation was performed. Thirty women (30) underwent both transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound measurement. Main outcome measures: Correlation of uterine cervix measurement by abdominal and transvaginal ultrasound. Results: The cervix could be measured satisfactorily by transabdominal measurement in 65 women (97%). There was a good correlation between transabdominal and transvaginal measurement  ...

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of measuring cervical by transabdominal ultrasound between 20 and 23 weeks of gestation and compare these measurements with those obtained by transvaginal ultrasound. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Reproductiva (ILSAR), Lima, Peru. Participants: Normal pregnant women with no risk factors for preterm delivery (PTD). Methods: Cervical length was measured to 67 normal pregnant women 20-23 weeks by transabdominal ultrasound. In 30 women cervical length was measured by abdominal ultrasound using 3-5 MHZ convex transducer and by vaginal ultrasound with 5-7 MHZ endotransducer. Main outcome measures: Cervical length measurement. Results: The cervix was satisfactorily measured by transabdominal ultrasound in 65 women (97%). There was good correlation between transabdominal and transvaginal measurement (r<....

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of measuring cervical by transabdominal ultrasound between 20 and 23 weeks of gestation and compare these measurements with those obtained by transvaginal ultrasound. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Reproductiva (ILSAR), Lima, Peru. Participants: Normal pregnant women with no risk factors for preterm delivery (PTD). Methods: Cervical length was measured to 67 normal pregnant women 20-23 weeks by transabdominal ultrasound. In 30 women cervical length was measured by abdominal ultrasound using 3-5 MHZ convex transducer and by vaginal ultrasound with 5-7 MHZ endotransducer. Main outcome measures: Cervical length measurement. Results: The cervix was satisfactorily measured by transabdominal ultrasound in 65 women (97%). There was good correlation between transabdominal and transvaginal measurement (r&l...

Se cuantificó el contenido de compuestos fenólicos de una crema gel elaborada con extracto estabilizado de los frutos de Passiflora mollissima HBK., con valores de 111,657 ± 2,823 mg de equivalentes de ácido gálico/100 mL muestra (método de Folin Ciocalteu), lo cual permitió establecer una relación con la actividad antioxidante con valores de 423,187 ± 2,345µmol Trolox/mL muestra (método DPPH) y valores de 0,774 ± 0,0088mmol Trolox/mL muestra (método ABTS). Se obtuvieron valores de 11,754 ± 0,241FPS (método in vitro de Mansur). 

Se cuantificó el contenido de compuestos fenólicos de una crema gel elaborada con extracto estabilizado de los frutos de Passiflora mollissima HBK., con valores de 111,657 ± 2,823 mg de equivalentes de ácido gálico/100 mL muestra (método de Folin Ciocalteu), lo cual permitió establecer una relación con la actividad antioxidante con valores de 423,187 ± 2,345µmol Trolox/mL muestra (método DPPH) y valores de 0,774 ± 0,0088mmol Trolox/mL muestra (método ABTS). Se obtuvieron valores de 11,754 ± 0,241FPS (método in vitro de Mansur). 

The aim of this study was to determine the kinetic parameters of in situ degradation of dry matter (MS), crude protein (PC) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of four single or mixed forages: 1) alfalfa; 2) alfalfa-red clover; 3) alfalfa-dactylis; 4) oats, and two concentrates: cotton paste and ground barley, as well the estimation of the DM consumption of these forages using three cattle with ruminal fistula. Five grams of sample were incubated for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours for forages and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours for concentrates. The zero time (t0) was used to calculate the soluble fraction. The potential and effective degradability at the 2, 5 and 8%/h passages rates of the MS, PC and NDF were different for forages and concentrates. The constant degradation rates (c) of the PC of the association alfalfa-dactylis, oats (fodder), cotton paste and ground barley indicate that ...

Background: Nuchal cystic hygroma is the most frequently identified marker of chromosomal anomalies during first trimester screening. Objective: To determine the association of the nuchal cystic hygroma with chromosomal anomalies diagnosed with karyotyping done between the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Reproductiva (ILSAR), Lima, Peru. Patients. Fetuses with nuchal cystic hygroma. Methods: The data were obtained from the ILSAR database between August 2007 and May 2018, the cases diagnosed by ultrasound from week 11 to 13.6. Nuchal cystic hygroma was defined as the presence of septated liquid content in the nuchal axial section with a thickness above the 95th percentile value for increased nuchal translucency value for the crown-rump length. The karyotype was obtained between the first and second trimeste...

The aim of this study was to determine the kinetic parameters of in situ degradation of dry matter (MS), crude protein (PC) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of four single or mixed forages: 1) alfalfa; 2) alfalfa-red clover; 3) alfalfa-dactylis; 4) oats, and two concentrates: cotton paste and ground barley, as well the estimation of the DM consumption of these forages using three cattle with ruminal fistula. Five grams of sample were incubated for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours for forages and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours for concentrates. The zero time (t0) was used to calculate the soluble fraction. The potential and effective degradability at the 2, 5 and 8%/h passages rates of the MS, PC and NDF were different for forages and concentrates. The constant degradation rates (c) of the PC of the association alfalfa-dactylis, oats (fodder), cotton paste and ground barley indicate that ...

Introduction: Early prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities requires invasive techniques, including chorionic villous sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis (AMC) in order to acquire, culture and kayotype cells from fetuses at high risk for these abnormalities based on sonographic and biochemical markers present after week 11. We report our experience through June 2016.Design: Descriptive, longitudinal study. Setting: Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Reproductiva (ILSAR), Lima, Peru. Participants: First and second trimester of pregnancy fetuses. Interventions: Results of the study of 400 first and second trimester fetuses at high risk for chromosomal abnormalities (greater than 1/270 initially or 1/100 starting in 2012) based on Spain Fetal Test database and the results of biochemical markers (combined risk). Fetal karyotype analysis was performed on samples obtained from 338 genetic...

The physicochemical properties (antioxidant activity, total polyphenols and tannins contents) of tara extracts have been obtained. Samples were taken from the pod of tara (powder, fiber, seed coat and the inside of the seed) by maceration and Soxhlet extraction. All extracts have high antioxidant activity with an IC50 between 10 and 121 µg/mL. The total polyphenol content varies between 40 and 150 mg GAE/g of sample and the tannins content varies between 22 and 80%.