ABSTRACT Introduction: The evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic varies in each population; it has been complicating health systems worldwide. Objective: to analyze the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic, estimating the effect of the containment measures practiced in Peru. Material and Method: The SIR epidemiological mathematical modeling was applied, estimating the COVID-19 evolution in our population. Data analysis was performed following the SIR mathematical model with defined ordinary differential equations to simulate epidemiological behavior; and it was executed in the RStudio programming language. Results: Containment measures decreased the propagation rate, reducing 30% of infected cases until the peak day of infection; however, it is still above the effective reproductive number to control the epidemic and it shows an erratic trend, the result of government actions being 61% in the...

Introduction: The evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic varies in each population; it has been complicating health systems worldwide. Objective: to analyze the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic, estimating the effect of the containment measures practiced in Peru. Material and Method: The SIR epidemiological mathematical modeling was applied, estimating the COVID-19 evolution in our population. Data analysis was performed following the SIR mathematical model with defined ordinary differential equations to simulate epidemiological behavior; and it was executed in the RStudio programming language. Results: Containment measures decreased the propagation rate, reducing 30% of infected cases until the peak day of infection; however, it is still above the effective reproductive number to control the epidemic and it shows an erratic trend, the result of government actions being 61% in the practice...

Letter to the Editor (without abstract)

Objetivo. Describir el perfil sociodemográfico de gestantes en el Perú según regiones naturales. Métodos. Estudio realizado a partir de la fuente de datos de ENDES 2014-2018, se incluyeron 5464 gestantes que cumplieron criterios de selección. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva y estadística inferencial. Resultados. Embarazo adolescente en la Costa fue de 13%, embarazo en añosas 15.3%; en la región de la Sierra el embarazo adolescente 14.7% y el embarazo en añosas 16.9%; en la región de la Selva el embarazo adolescente fue del 17.1% y el embarazo en añosas del 13.4%.  Las mujeres gestantes que refirieron que no tenían la preferencia de quedar embarazadas en ese momento actual, fue en la Costa 62.4%, Sierra 62.1% y en la Selva 59.4%. Las gestantes que proceden de la Costa con mayor frecuencia tienen estudios de secundaria y pertenecer a un quintil intermedio de riqueza. L...

Construir y validar algoritmos de aprendizaje automático para predecir muerte neonatal a partir de características maternas y clínicas de gestantes de una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: Estudio observacional con diseño transversal. Participaron gestantes de unidad de cuidados intensivos atendidas en un hospital nacional nivel III de Perú. Se recogió información materna y se aplicaron modelos de aprendizaje automático para la predicción de muerte neonatal. Resultados: Participaron 280 gestantes, de los modelos evaluados fue seleccionado Gradient Boosting por presentar mejor F1-score, curva ROC, tiempo computacional y ratio de aprendizaje. Las variables con mayor relevancia en el modelo fueron edad gestacional, eclampsia, infección de riñón, edad materna, placenta previa complicado con hemorragia, preeclampsia severa, número controles prenatales y número abortos pre...

Objetivo. Describir el perfil sociodemográfico de gestantes en el Perú según regiones naturales. Métodos. Estudio realizado a partir de la fuente de datos de ENDES 2014-2018, se incluyeron 5464 gestantes que cumplieron criterios de selección. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva y estadística inferencial. Resultados. Embarazo adolescente en la Costa fue de 13%, embarazo en añosas 15.3%; en la región de la Sierra el embarazo adolescente 14.7% y el embarazo en añosas 16.9%; en la región de la Selva el embarazo adolescente fue del 17.1% y el embarazo en añosas del 13.4%.  Las mujeres gestantes que refirieron que no tenían la preferencia de quedar embarazadas en ese momento actual, fue en la Costa 62.4%, Sierra 62.1% y en la Selva 59.4%. Las gestantes que proceden de la Costa con mayor frecuencia tienen estudios de secundaria y pertenecer a un quintil intermedio de riqueza. L...

Objetivo: Evaluar los factores sociales y demográficos asociados al embarazo y al embarazo repetido en mujeres adolescentes de Perú Método: Estudio transversal analítico realizado a partir de las encuestas de población ENDES 2009 a 2018 en Perú. Participaron mujeres adolescentes entre 12 y 19 años de edad. Se recogió información de condición de embarazo y características sociales y demográficas. Se aplicó la prueba de χ2 y se calculó la razón de prevalencia ajustada con su intervalo de confianza al 95% usando regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Resultados: En el estudio se incluyeron 49 676 mujeres adolescentes. El 12,6% tuvieron un embarazo y el 5,1% tuvieron dos o más embarazos. Se evidenció asociación entre edad, región geográfica, origen étnico, nivel educativo, nivel económico y embarazo adolescente (p < 0,001). Los niveles educativo y económico infer...

Objective. To describe the clinical profile of pregnant women with a threat of preterm delivery who conclude in preterm birth. Material and methods. Observational and descriptive study. Forty-six pregnant women from 24 to <37 weeks of gestation participated with the threat of preterm labor, whose gestation ended in preterm labor, attended at the maternity service of the Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray-Essalud de Trujillo during the period May to October 2015.

Objective. To describe the clinical profile of pregnant women with a threat of preterm delivery who conclude in preterm birth. Material and methods. Observational and descriptive study. Forty-six pregnant women from 24 to <37 weeks of gestation participated with the threat of preterm labor, whose gestation ended in preterm labor, attended at the maternity service of the Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray-Essalud de Trujillo during the period May to October 2015.

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (MCVAP), formerly known as congenital cystic adenomatoid pulmonary malformation (MAQP), belongs to the group of congenital pulmonary malformations, representing 95% of these. It is characterized by varying degrees of respiratory distress according to the level of the airway that compromises the injury and may be incompatible with life until it goes unnoticed until early adulthood. Advances in molecular biology have discovered that there is an imbalance between proliferating and apoptotic genes within these lesions, disrupting the segmentation of the bronchial tree, triggering the formation of these lesions. On the other hand, advances in fetal ultrasound have allowed 50% of cases to be detected from fetal life, causing these children to have their lesions removed during the first weeks of life and their improved life prognosis. This literary ...

Introduction: Extreme maternal morbidity generates indicators to assess and monitor the risk of maternal death. Objective: To describe the extreme maternal morbidity in Peruvian women attended in a specialized institution in Peru, 2012-2016. Material and Method: Observational, descriptive and transversal study. Patients attended at the National Maternal and Perinatal Institute, between 2012 and 2016 were included. Cases of extreme maternal morbidity were included according to criteria of the Latin American Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology Societies. The study shows maternal characteristics and outcome indicators. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied under 95% confidence intervals, using the Stata version 14. Results: The study population was 1245 cases. Multiparity was present in 63.7% of cases, presented on average 4 prenatal controls and 60% of cases had at least ...

La malformación congénita de la vía aérea pulmonar (MCVAP), antiguamente conocida como malformación adenomatoide quística congénita del pulmon (MAQP), pertenece al grupo de las malformaciones congénitas pulmonares, representando al 95% de estas. Se caracteriza por distintos grados de distress respiratorio según el nivel de la vía aérea que comprometa la lesión pudiendo ser desde incompatible con la vida hasta pasar inadvertida hasta adultez temprana. Los adelantos de la biología molecular han descubierto que existe un disbalance entre los genes proliferadores y apoptoticos dentro de estas lesiones interrumpiendo la segmentación del árbol bronquial desencadenando la formación de estas lesiones. Por su lado los avances en la ecografía fetal han permitido que se detecten el 50% de los casos desde la vida fetal, logrando que a estos niños se les extirpe la lesión durante l...

Objective. To determine the association between the full moon and the incidence of vaginal preterm deliveries among women with vaginal delivery in a tertiary care hospital in Lima, Peru. Methods. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on a secondary data of the Certificate of Live Birth (CNV) of Peru. All newborns from the National Maternal Perinatal Institute were studied between the years 2013 and 2021. The duration of the full moon phase was determined through the programming language with Python 3.6 and the analysis of the incidence of prematurity with the STATA v15 statistical package. Results. 90,653 newborns were selected from the CNV national data, of which 11,563 (12.75%) participants were born during the days of the full moon and 79,089 (87.25%) during the other phases. A higher incidence of vaginal preterm births was observed during the full moon phase, compared t...

Objective. To determine the association between the full moon and the incidence of vaginal preterm deliveries among women with vaginal delivery in a tertiary care hospital in Lima, Peru. Methods. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on a secondary data of the Certificate of Live Birth (CNV) of Peru. All newborns from the National Maternal Perinatal Institute were studied between the years 2013 and 2021. The duration of the full moon phase was determined through the programming language with Python 3.6 and the analysis of the incidence of prematurity with the STATA v15 statistical package. Results. 90,653 newborns were selected from the CNV national data, of which 11,563 (12.75%) participants were born during the days of the full moon and 79,089 (87.25%) during the other phases. A higher incidence of vaginal preterm births was observed during the full moon phase, compared t...

Objective: To describe maternal characteristics and management of therapeutic abortion in women treated in a level III hospital in Peru, during 12 years of experience. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective study. All pregnant women who had a therapeutic interruption of pregnancy participated. The medical history of patients treated at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute of Peru, between 2009 and 2020 was reviewed. Results: 385 pregnant women were attended. The mean age was 30.4 years; 45% were nulliparous; and 51% had between 19 and 22 weeks of gestation. The causes were 7.5% due to risk of the life of the pregnant woman and 92.5% due to risk in the physical and mental health of the pregnant woman. 30% presented fetuses with multiple malformations. Uterine curettage was performed in 81%, 15.6% manual vacuum aspiration, six cases of hysterotomy. There were no cases ...

Objective: To describe maternal characteristics and management of therapeutic abortion in women treated in a level III hospital in Peru, during 12 years of experience. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective study. All pregnant women who had a therapeutic interruption of pregnancy participated. The medical history of patients treated at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute of Peru, between 2009 and 2020 was reviewed. Results: 385 pregnant women were attended. The mean age was 30.4 years; 45% were nulliparous; and 51% had between 19 and 22 weeks of gestation. The causes were 7.5% due to risk of the life of the pregnant woman and 92.5% due to risk in the physical and mental health of the pregnant woman. 30% presented fetuses with multiple malformations. Uterine curettage was performed in 81%, 15.6% manual vacuum aspiration, six cases of hysterotomy. There were no cases ...

Objective. Estimate the prevalence and determine the factors associated with access to modern family planning methods (MPFM) in women of childbearing age Venezuelan immigrants in Peru. Materials and methods. Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study of the Survey Directed to the Venezuelan Population Residing in the Country (ENPOVE) 2018. The proportion of women of fertile age Venezuelan immigrants with access to MPFM was calculated. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (RP) of MPFM access were estimated, using generalized linear models. Results. 3,378 Venezuelan immigrant women of childbearing age were included. 78.45% did not have access to MMPF. Being in the young stage of life (RPa: 1.07; IC: 1.05-1.14), being married (RPa: 1.09; IC: 1.03-1.14), living together (RPc: 1.11; IC: 1.06-1.16), residing in the city de Trujillo (RPa: 1.21; CI: 1.13-1.29) were associated with a hig...

Objective. Estimate the prevalence and determine the factors associated with access to modern family planning methods (MPFM) in women of childbearing age Venezuelan immigrants in Peru. Materials and methods. Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study of the Survey Directed to the Venezuelan Population Residing in the Country (ENPOVE) 2018. The proportion of women of fertile age Venezuelan immigrants with access to MPFM was calculated. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (RP) of MPFM access were estimated, using generalized linear models. Results. 3,378 Venezuelan immigrant women of childbearing age were included. 78.45% did not have access to MMPF. Being in the young stage of life (RPa: 1.07; IC: 1.05-1.14), being married (RPa: 1.09; IC: 1.03-1.14), living together (RPc: 1.11; IC: 1.06-1.16), residing in the city de Trujillo (RPa: 1.21; CI: 1.13-1.29) were associated with a hig...

Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics, contraception and psychological well-being in a series of women two years after therapeutic abortion. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive study of a series of cases. The women whose therapeutic abortion procedure was performed at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute of Peru in 2018 participated and who at the time of the interview had passed two years, with prior informed consent. Sociodemographic data, obstetric profile, family planning method before therapeutic abortion and current were collected. The BIEPS Scale was applied to measure the psychological well-being of the participants two years after therapeutic abortion. Descriptive analysis was carried out and the identity of the participants was safeguarded. Results: 12 women were studied two years after presenting therapeutic abortion. At the ti...

Objective: To describe the prevalence and characteristics of seropositive pregnant women for SARS-CoV-2. Material and methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study. Performed in pregnant women screened for SARS-CoV-2 who met selection criteria at hospital admission. Variables of maternal characteristics, pregnancy complications and newborn condition were collected from the respective medical history. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals. Results: 1477 pregnant women admitted to hospitalization were screened, identifying a seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 5.28% (95% CI: 4.22% -6.57%). Among the cases of positive seroprevalence, IgM 11.5% (95% CI: 5.7% -21.3%), IgM / IgG 64.1% (95% CI: 5.7% -21.3%), IgG 19% (95% CI: 15.7% and 35.6) were observed %), 91% of seropositive pregnant women were asymptomatic, 40% of se...