Qualitative high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was performed to characterize nonanthocyanin phenolic compounds in three different coloured mashua genotypes. The ORAC antioxidant activity contribution in the tubers related to the type of phenolic compounds present was also evaluated. Phenolic compounds were analysed by separating them into four main fractions: fraction I obtained by means of a liquid–liquid partition with ethyl acetate and fractions II, III and IV obtained by elution on a Sephadex LH-20 column. Fraction I revealed the presence of gallic acid, gallocatechin, procyanidin B2 and epigallocatechin. Other phenolic compounds such as hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, rutin and/or myricetin derivatives were also present in fraction I. Fraction II was mainly composed of epicatechin, hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic ac...

We thank Dr. Carlos Arbizu, International Potato Center (Lima, Peru) for providing the mashua genotypes. This research was supported by the CUI project of the Cooperation Universi- taire au Developpement (CUD, Belgium), and by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog´ıa (CONCYTEC, Peru).

We thank Dr. Carlos Arbizu, International Potato Center (Lima, Peru) for providing the mashua genotypes and Alexandrine During and Yves-Jacques Schneider for their suggestions in the discussion of this paper. This research was supported by the CUI project of the Belgian Coopération Universitaire au Développement (CUD, Belgium) and by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONCYTEC, Peru).

The authors are thankful to Ecoandino s.a.c for the maca material. This research was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONCYTEC), Peru.

The authors thank Adelayda Pardo for her technical assistance. This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONCYTEC), Peru.

Phenolic compounds from mashua tuber were evaluated as potential antioxidants to retard the oxidation of crude soybean oil submitted to accelerated storage and frying. During the accelerated storage, an ethanolic crude extract, a purified extract, an aqueous fraction and an ethyl acetate fraction from mashua containing different gallic acid equivalent concentrations (100, 300 and 600 ppm) in oil were evaluated at 55 C. After 15 days of storage, better effects were evidenced against soybean oil oxidation at 300 and 600 ppm of ethyl acetate fraction in comparison to 200 ppm butylated hydroxytoluene and the control (no antioxidant added). During the frying process at 180 C, principal component analysis revealed that the content of trienes and dienes were strongly correlated with the frying batch. Ethyl acetate fraction at 200 ppm showed the highest efficacy against oil oxidation in terms of...

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Se realizó un trabajo retrospectivo en los pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Emergencia Pediátrica del Hospital Nacional E. Rebagliati M. entre los meses de enero y diciembre de 1991 Se confeccionaron fichas en las que se recolectaron datos específicos. De un total de 38530 atenciones 9638 (250/0) tuvieron el diagnóstico de crisis asmática. La mayor incidencia por grupo etario fue entre los 5 a 9 años. La mayor prevalencia fue entre los meses de mayo y julio. En el período de estudio fueron admitidos a Sala de Observación 1102 (11%) pacientes con el diagnóstico de Status Asmático, clasificados de acuerdo al protocolo del Servicio, siendo nuevamente los pacientes de 5 a 9 años los de mayor índice de hospitalizaciones. El 68%) (756) de los pacientes requirieron sólo I día de hospitalización 4.2%) de los pacientes presentaron algún tipo de complicación, siendo las más...

Two commercial varieties of Peruvian Pouteria lucuma fruits namely “Seda” and “Beltrán” were characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties as well as their primary and secondary metabolites content and profile. Free sugars, dietary fiber, and starch comprise the main components in both varieties. Phenolic compounds derived from flavanoids (flavan-3-ols), gallic acid, and their derivatives were identified. Xanthophylls were tentatively identified based on their UV-vis spectra and enclosed the majority of the carotenoids found in lucuma. Additionally, both varieties showed to be sources of lipophilic compounds such as tocopherols (?, ?, and ?) and triterpenoids. The triterpenoid ?-amyrin was identified in a Pouteria fruit for the first time. The in vitro antioxidant capacity (AoxC) of the lipophilic fraction represented approximately 30% of the total AoxC. These resul...

The authors thank Marco Ibarra-Castro, Ana Carrasco and Adelayda Pardo for their technical assistance. Dr. Carlos Arbizu from the International Potato Center (CIP), Lima - Perú, is kindly acknowledged for provision of the 35 yacon accessions. This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONCYTEC), Perú.

The objective of this work was to identify primary and secondary metabolites, volatile compounds, bioactive properties and physicochemical characteristics of lucuma fruit at two ripeness stages, before physiological maturity (bPM) and at physiological maturity (PM) or commercial harvest. The content of reducing sugars decreased, while starch content increased. Myo-inositol and vitamin C content decreased and increased, respectively as maturity stage advanced. The content of stearic acid decreased possibly related to the formation of unsaturated fatty acids and volatile compounds, especially aldehydes, such as 2-hexenal. In fact, key identified volatile compounds included 2-hexenal and hexanoic acid. Regarding secondary metabolites and functional properties, these significantly decreased as maturity stage advanced, only the total carotenoid content significantly increased (0.083–0.148 m...

BACKGROUND: The consumption of fruits, mainly berries, has been associated with beneficial health properties. These properties would be related to the quantity and quality of the metabolites present. Some native berries from the Andes, such as Andean elderberry, would be an important source of metabolites with bioactive properties. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate at the physico-chemical and metabolomic level the characteristics of the elderberry from four different high Andean regions, and to determine their bioactive potential through in vitro tests. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the evaluated characteristics according to the Region of procedence of the fruit. Glucose was the main sugar for all berry samples, followed by fructose. Among the most important organic acids, citric and malic acid were found. Elderberry from Apurimac presented the highest content of total sugars and ...