A synthesis of a geopolymer binder using spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst is evaluated in this research. Spent FCC catalyst is a solid waste product from the oil refining industry worldwide. It is composed mainly by aluminium and silicon oxides. The silica modulus (Ms), NaOH molar concentration, and liquid/solid (AS/FCC) weight ratio were studied as key factors of the mixture composition for the evaluation of the compressive strength and bulk density of geopolymers. Additional total ratios of SiO2/Al2O3, Na2O/SiO2, and H2O/total solids, which consider chemical composition of the final mixture, were studied. Results indicate that there is an optimum value for each Ms, NaOH molar concentration and AS/FCC that produces the maximum compressive strength. These values also match with the optimized total ratios of SiO2/Al2O3, N2O/SiO2 and H2O/total solids in the mixture, which can ...

This research evaluates the effect of the curing conditions on the mechanical properties of geopolymers containing spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (SFCCC) generated as a waste by the Peruvian oil-refinery industry. For this purpose, two curing conditions were evaluated: i) sample sealing during oven curing to avoid water loss, and ii) the time before curing (pre-curing time or delay time, before heating). The curing temperature was varied from 25°C up to 100°C. The performance of samples was assessed measuring the compressive strengths and the bulk densities. The results reveal that there are optimal curing conditions associated with the higher compressive strength of the SFCCC-based geopolymers. This optimal condition occurred when water loss was reduced by sealing, and samples were allowed to rest before curing (pre-curing). These two conditions assured not only a higher comp...

Thirty-two semen samples from four rams were frozed using two antioxidants, Tempo (2,2,6,6 tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl) and Tempol (4-hidroxi 2,2,6,6 tetramethyl-1- piperidinyloxyl), each one in concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 mM, to evaluate the effects on post-thawing motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, and earlier sperm capacitation. Eight replications for each antioxidant concentration and control group, were done using four semen samples per replication. Semen samples were diluted on a Tris extender. Results showed that Tempo 0.5 mM improved frozen semen quality in comparison with control group (p<0.05), by increasing progresive motility (79 vs. 67%), viability and acrosomal integrity (70 vs. 58%), and decreasing earlier sperm capacitation (9 vs. 15%). On the other hand, Tempol decreased frozen semen quality. In conclusion, the use of Tempo 0.5 mM on a Tris extender, ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two monosaccharides (fructose and glucose) and two cryoprotectants (glycerol and ethylene glycol) on semen quality after the cryopreservation process under a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The variables evaluated were progressive motility, viability, and acrosomal integrity. Motility was greater with the use of glycerol (65.5%) compared to the use of ethylene glycol (49.0%) (p<0.05); also, motility using fructose was higher with the use of fructose (59.3%) than when using glucose (55.1%) (p<0.05). Acrosomal integrity was superior with the use of glycerol (58.2%) compared with ethylene glycol (42.0%); also, acrosomal integrity was superior with the use of fructose (53.8%) than when using glucose (46.4%) (p<0.05). The energy source x cryoprotectant interaction was not statistically significant. The results showed that the use of gl...

Se emplearon 32 muestras de semen procedentes de cuatro ovinos a fin de ser criopreservadas con la adición dos antioxidantes: Tempo (2,2,6,6 tetrametil-1-piperidiniloxil) y Tempol (4-hidroxi 2,2,6,6 tetrametil-1-piperidiniloxil), en concentraciones de 0.5, 1.0 y 2.5 mM, para evaluar el efecto postdescongelamiento que pudieran tener sobre la motilidad progresiva, la viabilidad e integridad acrosomal y la capacitación espermática prematura. En cada concentración de los dos antioxidantes y del grupo control se utilizó un dilutor en base a Tris, realizándose ocho repeticiones, cada una con cuatro muestras de semen. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la adición de Tempo a una concentración de 0.5 mM mejora significativamente la calidad del semen criopreservado en comparación con el grupo control (p<0.05), incrementado los porcentajes de motilidad progresiva (79 vs. 67%), viab...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two monosaccharides (fructose and glucose) and two cryoprotectants (glycerol and ethylene glycol) on semen quality after the cryopreservation process under a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The variables evaluated were progressive motility, viability, and acrosomal integrity. Motility was greater with the use of glycerol (65.5%) compared to the use of ethylene glycol (49.0%) (p<0.05); also, motility using fructose was higher with the use of fructose (59.3%) than when using glucose (55.1%) (p<0.05). Acrosomal integrity was superior with the use of glycerol (58.2%) compared with ethylene glycol (42.0%); also, acrosomal integrity was superior with the use of fructose (53.8%) than when using glucose (46.4%) (p<0.05). The energy source x cryoprotectant interaction was not statistically significant. The results showed that the use of gl...

This work has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (ref. RTI2018-098156-B-C52), by the Research Plan of the University of Castilla-La Mancha (ref. 2019-GRIN-27060), and by FONDECYT / World Bank (ref. 026-2019 FONDECYT-BM-INC.INV).

Internet of Things (IoT) has posed new requirements to the underlying processing architecture, specially for real-time applications, such as event-detection services. Complex Event Processing (CEP) engines provide a powerful tool to implement these services. Fog computing has raised as a solution to support IoT real-time applications, in contrast to the Cloud-based approach. This work is aimed at analysing a CEP-based Fog architecture for real-time IoT applications that uses a publish-subscribe protocol. A testbed has been developed with low-cost and local resources to verify the suitability of CEP-engines to low-cost computing resources. To assess performance we have analysed the effectiveness and cost of the proposal in terms of latency and resource usage, respectively. Results show that the fog computing architecture reduces event-detection latencies up to 35%, while the available com...

The aim of this study was to determine the severity and duration of heat stress in dairy calves and heifers of the five main dairy localities in Lima, Peru (Végueta, Huacho, Huaral, Lurin, Cañete) during the period 2010-2013. The temperature-humidity index load (ITH load) and the duration of the heat stress per month and location were evaluated. In addition, the percentage of days in the year in which ITH load was greater than 0. The results showed that the ITH load was greater than zero in all months of the year for heifers. Also, February was the month where heat stress occurred with greater severity and duration, both in heifers and in calves and Cañete was the locality with the highest ITH overload for calves and heifers. Regarding the duration of heat stress, heifers and calves spent about 10 and 5 hours a day, respectively, exposed to caloric stress during the summer months. Hei...

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los indicadores de estrés calórico en las principales localidades de lechería intensiva del departamento de Lima. Se evaluaron las localidades de Végueta, Huacho, Huaral, Lurín y Cañete durante el periodo 2010-2013. Se determinó el promedio mensual y por localidad de la temperatura ambiental, la humedad relativa y el índice temperatura-humedad, la duración del estrés calórico y el índice de sobrecarga calórica (ITH Sobrecarga). Se calculó el porcentaje de días en los cuales el ITH Sobrecarga fue superior a 0 y el porcentaje de días según severidad del estrés calórico. Se demuestra que el ITH Sobrecarga fue mayor a 10 desde noviembre a mayo, con un pico en febrero. La duración del estrés calórico fue mayor a 12 horas entre enero y abril. Cañete fue la localidad con mayor ITH Sobrecarga y mayor duración de estrés calórico. L...

The aim of this study was to determine the severity and duration of heat stress in dairy calves and heifers of the five main dairy localities in Lima, Peru (Végueta, Huacho, Huaral, Lurin, Cañete) during the period 2010-2013. The temperature-humidity index load (ITH load) and the duration of the heat stress per month and location were evaluated. In addition, the percentage of days in the year in which ITH load was greater than 0. The results showed that the ITH load was greater than zero in all months of the year for heifers. Also, February was the month where heat stress occurred with greater severity and duration, both in heifers and in calves and Cañete was the locality with the highest ITH overload for calves and heifers. Regarding the duration of heat stress, heifers and calves spent about 10 and 5 hours a day, respectively, exposed to caloric stress during the summer months. Hei...

The aim of this study was to evaluate heat stress indicators in the main locations of intensive dairy production of the department of Lima. The localities of Végueta, Huacho, Huaral, Lurín and Cañete were evaluated during the period 2010-2013. The monthly and local average of air temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index, the duration of the heat stress and the heat overload index (ITH Overload) were calculated. The percentage of days in which ITH Overload was greater than 0 and the percentage of days according to severity of heat stress were calculated. It was showed that the ITH Overload was greater than 10 from November to May, with a peak in February. The duration of the heat stress was greater than 12 hours between January and April. Cañete was the location with the highest ITH Overload and longest duration of heat stress. The cows in Vegueta suffered some de...

Se evaluó el impacto del uso de concha marina triturada de vieira peruana (CSS) como agregado fino, se probó un rango de hormigones de relación 0.75, 0.55, 0.45 y 0.41 w/ c. Se investigaron las propiedades endurecidas y frescas del hormigón en períodos de 7, 28 y 90 días. Los resultados experimentales muestran que los efectos del reemplazo de CSS en las propiedades del hormigón dependen de la distribución de partículas de tamaño del agregado global después del reemplazo, y que la forma angular de las partículas CSS puede contribuir a una mejor disposición. El nivel máximo de reemplazo de CSS es variable y limitado a un máximo para un tamaño dado de partículas CSS y una relación w/c.

Se presentan los hallazgos clínicos y tomográficos de un carnero reproductor de 3.5 años, de raza Corriedale, con signos de alteraciones nerviosas. Al examen físico presentó signos de depresión, postura anormal, ataxia y paresia facial derecha, producto de un síndrome de hemisferio izquierdo. El examen radiográfico no reveló alteraciones, pero en la tomografía axial computarizada craneal se halló una masa hipodensa bilobulada de 6.4 x 3.4 cm. de diámetros antero posterior por transverso, localizada en el lado izquierdo, desde la región frontal hasta la región occipital. El parénquima residual estaba desplazado en sentido periférico y con alteración de la densidad, sin poderse diferenciar sustancia gris de sustancia blanca, las cavidades ventriculares se encontraban colapsadas, la fosa posterior mostraba una depresión del cerebelo, y los espacios epidural y subdural se e...

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of the bovine leukemia virus in a dairy farm of a public university of Lima, Peru through the circulating antibodies against the virus. The disease is prevalent in the farm as in many other dairy farms in the area. The results showed a prevalence of 92.7% (51/55), where 100, 97, and 60% of animals older than 5 years old, from 2 to 5 years old, and less than 2 years old were seropositive respectively. It is recognized the importance of initiating a control and eradication programme that can be used as a model for other commercial dairy farms in the Lima region.

This report describes the clinical and computed tomography findings in a stud Corriedale ram, 3.5 years old, with signs of nervous disorders. Physical examination showed signs of depression, abnormal posture, ataxia, right facial paresis, due to a left hemisphere syndrome. X-ray examination revealed no abnormalities, but a cranial computed tomography scan showed a hypodense bilobed mass of 6.4 x 3.4 cm anteroposterior by transverse diameters, located from the front to the occipital region of the left side. The residual parenchyma was shifted towards the periphery with alteration of the density, unable to differentiate the gray matter from the white matter, the ventricular cavities were collapsed, the posterior fossa showed a depression exerted by the cerebellar lesion, and the epidural and subdural spaces were diminished. The pathological diagnosis was hypodense tumoral lesion in the lef...

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of the bovine leukemia virus in a dairy farm of a public university of Lima, Peru through the circulating antibodies against the virus. The disease is prevalent in the farm as in many other dairy farms in the area. The results showed a prevalence of 92.7% (51/55), where 100, 97, and 60% of animals older than 5 years old, from 2 to 5 years old, and less than 2 years old were seropositive respectively. It is recognized the importance of initiating a control and eradication programme that can be used as a model for other commercial dairy farms in the Lima region.

The development of new building materials requires intensive analyses of their durability under aggressive conditions. Therefore, the current study evaluated the capacity of a fiber-reinforced lightweight pozzolana-based geopolymer mortar to resist the action of fire, high temperatures and water erosion. The fire resistance and heat absorption capacity were evaluated through the exposure of disc samples to a direct flame at 1000 °C and the measurement of reverse-side temperature, respectively. To evaluate the high-temperature resistance, uniaxial compression tests were performed on cubic samples after their exposure to oven-temperatures of 300°C, 500°C, 800°C, and 1000°C. Finally, water jet erosion and permeability tests were performed to analyze the interaction of the material with water. The results of the fire tests indicate that fiber-reinforced lightweight pozzolana-based geopo...

This paper describes a case of colic that ended in death due to gastric impaction occurred to a mare of 12 years of age. This case was triggered by the accidental and voracious consumption of concentrate feed intended for alpacas during a failure of supervision by staff. The clinical picture was characterized by severe depression, severe abdominal pain, lateral decubitus and inability to rise, with a rapid course and poor prognosis which turned fatal. Gross lesions included severe stomach distension, which was impacted with plenty content partially digested, fibrous and dry, with mucosal ulcerations and presence of serous exudate in the abdominal cavity.

This paper describes a case of colic that ended in death due to gastric impaction occurred to a mare of 12 years of age. This case was triggered by the accidental and voracious consumption of concentrate feed intended for alpacas during a failure of supervision by staff. The clinical picture was characterized by severe depression, severe abdominal pain, lateral decubitus and inability to rise, with a rapid course and poor prognosis which turned fatal. Gross lesions included severe stomach distension, which was impacted with plenty content partially digested, fibrous and dry, with mucosal ulcerations and presence of serous exudate in the abdominal cavity.