The dry matter (DM) production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Caraveli variety, was evaluated per cut and per year, and its persistence over time in a prairie of the IVITA-Huaral Station of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, San Marcos University (Lima, Peru). The pasture was installed in the spring of 2011 in 1 ha of land in beds of 3 x 40 m, using the method of hand sowing (35 kg/ha). Irrigation was performed periodically. The cultivation was grazed with dairy cows, from the third cut when it presented 10% flowering. A total of 28 cuts were done between December 2011 and November 2014. The DM in the first, second and third year had a mean per cut of 373.3, 395.0 and 409.6 g/m2, respectively (p<0.05). The number of plants per area decreased significantly within year (p<0.05), without affecting the production of dry matter.

The effect of Salmonella Typhimurium was determined on the productive parameters of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Forty recently weaned male guinea pigs fed with a base diet were used. The animals were distributed in four treatments with 10 repetitions each were used. T1: saline solution (control); T2: saline + AGP (antibiotic growth promoter antibiotic); T3: challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium; T4: challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium + AGP. Dosing with saline or with an infective dose of Salmonella Typhimurium (2 x 106 CFU) was made on day 11 of the study. Bodyweight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass yield and economic gain were evaluated. Samples were taken from organs and meat after the slaughtering for the microbiological analysis. Animals challenged with Salmonella (T3 and T4) showed lower bodyweight gain, higher feed intake and poorer feed conversion compared to...

The dry matter (DM) production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Caraveli variety, was evaluated per cut and per year, and its persistence over time in a prairie of the IVITA-Huaral Station of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, San Marcos University (Lima, Peru). The pasture was installed in the spring of 2011 in 1 ha of land in beds of 3 x 40 m, using the method of hand sowing (35 kg/ha). Irrigation was performed periodically. The cultivation was grazed with dairy cows, from the third cut when it presented 10% flowering. A total of 28 cuts were done between December 2011 and November 2014. The DM in the first, second and third year had a mean per cut of 373.3, 395.0 and 409.6 g/m2, respectively (p<0.05). The number of plants per area decreased significantly within year (p<0.05), without affecting the production of dry matter.

The effect of Salmonella Typhimurium was determined on the productive parameters of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Forty recently weaned male guinea pigs fed with a base diet were used. The animals were distributed in four treatments with 10 repetitions each were used. T1: saline solution (control); T2: saline + AGP (antibiotic growth promoter antibiotic); T3: challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium; T4: challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium + AGP. Dosing with saline or with an infective dose of Salmonella Typhimurium (2 x 106 CFU) was made on day 11 of the study. Bodyweight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass yield and economic gain were evaluated. Samples were taken from organs and meat after the slaughtering for the microbiological analysis. Animals challenged with Salmonella (T3 and T4) showed lower bodyweight gain, higher feed intake and poorer feed conversion compared to...

The objective was to determine the effect of Salmonella Typhimurium on the chemical composition and microbiological quality of the meat of guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). 30 male guinea pigs for fattening were used that were distributed in 3 treatments with ten (10) repetitions each; T1: mixed feeding + saline solution (control), T2: mixed feeding and experimentally challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium, T3: mixed feeding + APC (antibiotic growth promoter) and experimentally challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. T1 animals were dosed orally with saline solution, while T2 and T3 were challenged with an infective dose (2 x 106 CFU) of Salmonella Typhimurium, only once on the 11th day of the start of the experiment. Despite manifesting the disease in animals challenged with Salmonella, they did not show differences (p <0.05) in the concentration of protein and ethereal extract on a dry ...

The prevalence of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) was studied in cattle raised under an extensive rearing system andwithout history of vaccination. Herds were located in the province of San Pablo, department of Cajamarca, Peru. Blood samples from 480 bovine were collected for detection of antibodies against BHV-1 by viral neutralization test. The seroprevalence was 0.6 ± 0.7% (3/480). The three positive Holstein cows, older than 6 years, were part of the same herd and the antibody titers were 1:64 (2) and 1:32 (1). The results indicated that the BHV-1 is now widely distributed in cattle of the studied region.

The objective of this study was to determine the productive parameters of guinea pigs of the G lineage at the level of the central coast of Peru. Information on productive data was collected from 180 parturitions of 39 breeding guinea pigs and 452 weaned individuals at 16.3 days between April 2016 and May 2017 from the Huaral experimental station of the IVITA Research Centre of the National University of San Marcos. The number of births (NN), number of live births (NNV), body weight at birth (PCrN), litter weight at birth (PCN), number of weaned animals (ND), body weight at weaning (PcrD), litter weight at weaning (PCD) and mortality rate (M). The results were: NN 2.82 ± 1.14 pups per parturition (1-5 pups), NNV 2.80 ± 1.13 pups, PCrN 139.3 ± 30.9 g, PCN 389.6 ± 121.3 g, ND 2.58 ± 1.02 pups, PCrD 248.0 ± 62.3 g, PCD 640.6 ± 211.9 g and M 8.89%. Only PCrD showed significant differe...

The aim of this study was to compare the productive performance of two guinea pig meat lines (Cavia porcellus) reared in the central coast of Peru. Two genetic lines of guinea pigs were used during the growth and fattening stage: a group of 20 male guinea pig, progeny of improved guinea pigs in the Peruvian highlands, meat line G, and another group of 20 improved male guinea pigs in the Peruvian coast, meat line H. The guinea pigs were reared in individual cages from weaning (15 ± 2 days) until week 11, receiving the same diet based on Zea mays var. indurata, wheat bran and fresh water. The birth weight for guinea pigs G and H was 146.5 ± 28.2 and 119.0 ± 19.2 g, respectively, the weaning weight was 306.5 ± 49.1 and 227.0 ± 58.2, respectively, and the weight at week 11 was 965.5 ± 100.2 and 868.0 ± 91.6, respectively (p<0.05 in all cases). No significant difference was found in...

La prevalencia del virus herpes bovino 1 (BHV-1) se determinó en bovinos de crianza extensiva, sin historia de vacunación, y mayormente cruzados, en tres distritos de la provincia de San Pablo, Cajamarca. Se colectaron 480 muestras de sangre de bovinos para la detección de anticuerpos contra el BHV-1 mediante la prueba de neutralización viral. Se determinó que el 0.6 ± 0.7% (3/480) de los animales presentaron anticuerpos contra el BHV-1. Las tres vacas serorreactoras fueron Holstein, mayores de 6 años de edad y pertenecieron a un solo hato, y presentaron títulos de anticuerpos de 1:64 (2) y 1:32 (1). Los resultados indicaron que la enfermedad se encuentra poco difundida entre los animales de la zona en estudio, por lo que se deberá evitar el ingreso de animales infectados.

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los parámetros productivos de cuyes G a nivel de la costa central del Perú. Se recolectó información de datos productivos de 180 partos de 39 cuyes G reproductoras con 452 crías destetadas a los 16.26 días en promedio entre abril de 2016 y mayo de 2017 en la estación experimental de Huaral del C.I. IVITA de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Se evaluó el número de nacidos (NN), números de nacidos vivos (NNV), peso de las crías al nacimiento (PCrN), peso de la camada al nacimiento (PCN), número de destetados (ND), peso de las crías al destete (PcrD), peso de la camada al destete (PCD) y tasa de mortalidad (M). Los resultados fueron: NN de 2.82 ± 1.14 crías por parto (1-5 crías), NNV de 2.80 ± 1.13 crías, PCrN de 139.3 ± 30.9 g, PCN de 389.6 ± 121.3 g, ND de 2.58 ± 1.02 crías, PCrD de 248.0 ± 62.3 g, PCD de 64...

The aim of this study was to compare the productive performance of two guinea pig meat lines (Cavia porcellus) reared in the central coast of Peru. Two genetic lines of guinea pigs were used during the growth and fattening stage: a group of 20 male guinea pig, progeny of improved guinea pigs in the Peruvian highlands, meat line G, and another group of 20 improved male guinea pigs in the Peruvian coast, meat line H. The guinea pigs were reared in individual cages from weaning (15 ± 2 days) until week 11, receiving the same diet based on Zea mays var. indurata, wheat bran and fresh water. The birth weight for guinea pigs G and H was 146.5 ± 28.2 and 119.0 ± 19.2 g, respectively, the weaning weight was 306.5 ± 49.1 and 227.0 ± 58.2, respectively, and the weight at week 11 was 965.5 ± 100.2 and 868.0 ± 91.6, respectively (p<0.05 in all cases). No significant difference was found in...

Tres regímenes de alimentación comúnmente utilizados por los criadores durante las etapas finales de producción de conejos fueron evaluados utilizando 30 conejos de la raza californiana de 30 días de edad, recién destetados. Los tres regímenes de alimentación consistieron en: concentrado comercial (TI); Concentrado comercial 70% más el 30% heno de alfalfa (TII); y el 70% afrecho de trigo más 30% de heno de alfalfa (TIII). Cinco machos y cinco hembras se asignaron aleatoriamente a cada uno de los tres regímenes durante 56 días. Ganancia diaria de peso (g), consumo de alimento (kg), el índice de conversión de alimentos y el costo de alimentación (S /.), Fueron: 28.35, 5.31, 3.33 y 3.39 para TI; 23.52, 5.37,4.15 y 4.32 para TII; y 18.52, 5.18, 5.03 y 2.75 para TIII. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P<0.05) en la ganancia de peso y el índice ...

Tres regímenes de alimentación comúnmente utilizados por los criadores durante las etapas finales de producción de conejos fueron evaluados utilizando 30 conejos de la raza californiana de 30 días de edad, recién destetados. Los tres regímenes de alimentación consistieron en: concentrado comercial (TI); Concentrado comercial 70% más el 30% heno de alfalfa (TII); y el 70% afrecho de trigo más 30% de heno de alfalfa (TIII). Cinco machos y cinco hembras se asignaron aleatoriamente a cada uno de los tres regímenes durante 56 días. Ganancia diaria de peso (g), consumo de alimento (kg), el índice de conversión de alimentos y el costo de alimentación (S /.), Fueron: 28.35, 5.31, 3.33 y 3.39 para TI; 23.52, 5.37,4.15 y 4.32 para TII; y 18.52, 5.18, 5.03 y 2.75 para TIII. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P<0.05) en la ganancia de peso y el índice ...

A survey was conducted in July 2004 to 160 families rearing Guinea pigs in the district of Santa Cruz, Cajamarca, with the aim of characterizing the production system of these animals. Men were more than 50 years of age (44.6%) and wives were mainly between 31 to 50 years old (42%). Primary school was the main grade of instruction. The main labour activity of the head of the family was agriculture (95.4%) and housekeeping for women (97.2%). Raising guinea pigs was mainly driven by the housewife under a family or traditional system. There were 20.4 guinea pigs on average per family, reared regardless of class, sex and age, preferably in the kitchen (88.8%), free (73.8%) or in pools (21.9%). Feeding was based on forages, weeds and kitchen waste. The main diseases reported were ectoparasites (90.1%) and the «plague» (76%). Guinea pigs were used for consumption and sale (71.2%) or only for...

Se realizó una encuesta en julio de 2004 a 160 familias criadoras de cuyes en el distrito de Santa Cruz, Cajamarca, con el objetivo de caracterizar los sistemas de producción de cuyes. El 44.6% de los productores tenía más de 50 años de edad y el 42% de las esposas tenía entre 31 a 50 años. Primaria era el grado de instrucción predominante. La ocupación del jefe de familia era la agricultura (95.4%) y de la esposa era su casa (97.2%). La crianza de cuyes era conducida por el ama de casa bajo un sistema familiar o tradicional. Se encontró un promedio de 20.4 cuyes por familia, criados en un solo grupo sin distinción de clase, sexo y edad, de preferencia en la cocina (88.8%), donde permanecían sueltos (73.8%) o en pozas (21.9%). La alimentación se basó en forrajes, malezas y residuos de cocina. Las principales enfermedades reportadas fueron ectoparásitos (90.1%) y la “pest...

El presente experimento tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del Ensilado Biológico de residuos de pescado (EP) en la dieta para crecimiento y acabado de conejos. El experimento consistió en dos ensayos utilizando conejos de la raza californiana destetados a los 30 días de edad. Se compararon cuatro dietas; tratamiento con 0% de EP (OEP), 30% de EP (30EP), 50% de EP (50EP) y 70% de EP (70EP). Se midió la ganancia diaria de peso, consumo de alimento, índice de conversión alimenticia y costo de alimentación. El diseño fue en bloques al azar con cuatro tratamientos. Cada experimento tuvo 10 unidades experimentales (cinco hembras, cinco machos). La ganancia diaria de peso (g), consumo de alimento (kg), índice de conversión alimenticia y el costo de alimentación (S/.) fueron: para OEP de 18.51, 5.18,5.01 y 2.75;30 EP de 19.68, 5.54,5.09 y 2.91;50EP de 17.64, 5.29, 5.63 y 3.40; 70EP...

El presente experimento tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del Ensilado Biológico de residuos de pescado (EP) en la dieta para crecimiento y acabado de conejos. El experimento consistió en dos ensayos utilizando conejos de la raza californiana destetados a los 30 días de edad. Se compararon cuatro dietas; tratamiento con 0% de EP (OEP), 30% de EP (30EP), 50% de EP (50EP) y 70% de EP (70EP). Se midió la ganancia diaria de peso, consumo de alimento, índice de conversión alimenticia y costo de alimentación. El diseño fue en bloques al azar con cuatro tratamientos. Cada experimento tuvo 10 unidades experimentales (cinco hembras, cinco machos). La ganancia diaria de peso (g), consumo de alimento (kg), índice de conversión alimenticia y el costo de alimentación (S/.) fueron: para OEP de 18.51, 5.18,5.01 y 2.75;30 EP de 19.68, 5.54,5.09 y 2.91;50EP de 17.64, 5.29, 5.63 y 3.40; 70EP...

The nutritional quality and digestibility in vivo of the Puya llatensis for cobayo feeding was evaluated. The chemical analysis indicated 87.2% humidity, 2.3% protein, 0.75% ether extract, 15.43% crude fiber, 70.43% nitrogen free extract, 11.07% ashes, 0.04% calcium and 0.38% phosphorus on dry base. Moreover, the content of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) was 7.74 mg in 100 mg of fresh sample. A digestibility test was conducted on 10 male cobayos of 12 weeks of age and 650 g body weight. The coefficients of digestibility were: Dry matter (75.96%), total protein (28.86%), crude fiber (54.89%), ether extract (49.58%), nitrogen free extract (80.56%), and ashes (87.25%). For the feeding trial, 25 male cobayos of 30 days of age and 290 g body weight were used. Animals were distributed at random in five groups: T1 (control) = (barley + alfalfa 100%), T2 (barley + alfalfa 75% + Puya llatensis 25%), T...

Se evaluó la calidad nutricional y la digestibilidad in vivo de la Puya llatensis en la alimentación del cuy. El análisis proximal registró 87.2% de humedad, 2.3% de proteína, 0.75% de extracto etéreo, 15.43% de fibra cruda, 70.43% de extracto libre de nitrógeno, 11.07% de cenizas, 0.04% de calcio y 0.38% de fósforo en base seca. Además se determinó un contenido de 7.74mg/100mg de ácido ascórbico (Vitamina C) en base húmeda. Se realizó una prueba de digestibilidad con 10 cuyes machos de 12 semanas de edad y peso promedio de 650 g. Los coeficientes de digestibilidad aparente fueron: materia seca: 75.96%, proteína total: 28.86%, fibra cruda: 54.89%, extracto etéreo: 49.58%, extracto libre de nitrógeno: 80.56% y ceniza: 87.25%. Para la prueba de alimentación se utilizaron 25 animales machos de 30 días de edad y con peso promedio de 290 g. Los animales fueron distribuidos ...

The aim of this study was to relate morphometric measurements of the Coturnix coturnix japonica quail egg with the weight at birth in a commercial line of laying. In total, 274 birds were evaluated at one-day old, whose fertile eggs were classified into three categories according to weight: (1) 10.00-10.99, (2) 11.00-11.99, (3) 12.00-12.99 g for the variable birth weight, while the variables: transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of the egg, and shape index were evaluated according to quartiles. In addition, the sex of the bird was evaluated. A completely randomized block model and correlations between the quantitative variables were used. A mean correlation of 0.65 was obtained between egg weight and longitudinal diameter, and low correlations between the variables longitudinal and transverse diameter (0.15). The birth weight was 7.36 ± 0.038, 7.92 ± 0.036 and 8.47 ± 0.058 g ...