Diabetes is one of the most frequent pathologies with repercussions at the systemic level, irreversible and with high prevalence in the world. Currently in Ecuador, there is an average of 800,000 diabetics, of whom 100,000 are in treatment, according to health authorities and the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation of Ecuador. This review seeks to update knowledge in the area of health, both in medicine and in dentistry, forcing us to have a review of current data on the relationship between periodontal disease and type II diabetes mellitus, and how These two pathologies can go hand in hand and affect the oral and systemic environment, relating them to the histological changes and chemical mediators in the oral environment that are accentuated by the presence of periodontal disease and diabetes, whether controlled or not. Databases were revised in Pubmed and ScIELO bibliographic sources, placin...

Objective: To determine the antibacterial activity of aqueous grape extracts (Vitis vinifera) obtained from the skin, seed and pulp, on Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35668, Ecuador), using 0.12% chlorhexidine as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Materials and methods: Aqueous extracts were obtained from the pulp, seeds and grape skin of the northern region of Ecuador, at a concentration of 40, 70 and 100%, which were impregnated 20 ml each in paper filter discs. and placed in Petri dishes with strains of Streptococcus mutans inoculated on blood agar, disks impregnated in 0.12% chlorhexidine and distilled water were used as control; the antimicrobial activity was evaluated considering the inhibition zones obtained at 24 and 48 hours of incubation. Results: The evaluation times 24 and 48 were different (p = 0.00) showing a greater inhibitory effect at 48 hours, whe...

Objectives: Our aim was to determine the prevalence of fluorosis among the population of children who live in Tumbaco Valley, Quito, Ecuador. We sought to establish its relation to the concentration of fluoride in the water supply of this área. Material and methods: The sample was 62 children who were selected based upon previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All of the children were clinically examined; a photographic record of upper anterior teeth surfaces was performed. Results: The analyzed data showed that only 23,3% of the children surveyed had rates of dental fluorosis, with TF-2 being the most common. Chemical analysis of water from the supply source showed the presence of fluoride in very small amounts which did not exceed 0,32 mg/L. Conclusions: The low presence of fluoride in the examined water sources explains the absence of fluorosis in the assessed population...

Objectives: To evaluate the halos of inhibition of the effect of extract of the skin and pulp of Prunus salicifolia (Capulli) and Vaccinium floribundum (Mortiño) on strains of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668 vs. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12%. Material and method: In Petri dishes seeded with strains of Streptococcus mutans, 20 felt disks impregnated with Prunus salicifoli, V. floribundum and chlorhexidine gluconate were placed, the evaluation of the inhibitory effect was carried out at 24 and 48 hours of incubation. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in the antibacterial effect at 24 and 48 hours between the type of fruit -c apulí and mortiño-, the anatomical part -shell and pulp- and chlorhexidine gluconate (p> 0.05) Conclusions: The extracts of Prunus salicifolia (Capulli) and Vaccinium flori...