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1
artículo
WIMCIT: An in-house development integrated code for neutron analysis in MTR reactors with mixed core
Publicado 2003
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So far, Peruvian nuclear research reactors RP-10 and RP-0 have been operating only with uranium oxide fuel elements (U3O8+Al). In the future RP-10 reactor will operate with mixed cores (U3Si2+Al, U3O8+Al). For this reason the calculus capacity has to be increased in order to be able to handle the new fuel management. Since preparation of nuclear libraries for diffusion calculation requires a significant amount of computational and human resources a new tool that processes libraries generation and diffusion calculations is necessary.
2
artículo
The purpose of this paper is to optimiza the operation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In this kind of processes, besides to maximiza organic matter removal, it is attractive to capture the biogas and to use it to provide energy services. For this purpose, the biogas has to be produced in large quantities. Thus, we have two clear objectives to be achieved: to maximiza both the organic matter removal and the biogas production. Three multiobjective optimization techniques are used to solve this problem. The first optimization approach is multiplex, which is based on the simplex method for single objective optimization. Other used approach is an interior point method, which is proved to be an efficient linear programming technique. Finally, it is applied an evolutionary algorithm, namely the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA 11), which is considerad...
3
artículo
The purpose of this paper is to optimiza the operation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In this kind of processes, besides to maximiza organic matter removal, it is attractive to capture the biogas and to use it to provide energy services. For this purpose, the biogas has to be produced in large quantities. Thus, we have two clear objectives to be achieved: to maximiza both the organic matter removal and the biogas production. Three multiobjective optimization techniques are used to solve this problem. The first optimization approach is multiplex, which is based on the simplex method for single objective optimization. Other used approach is an interior point method, which is proved to be an efficient linear programming technique. Finally, it is applied an evolutionary algorithm, namely the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA 11), which is considerad...
4
artículo
We present here the process of optical axis alignment of the neutrographic system with the optical axis of the neutron beam from window 4 of the nuclear reactor rP-10. This process is done with the aid of a radiographic technique, which facilitates locating the optical axis of the neutron beam in space by a photographic record, thus allowing for later alignment of the neutrograph. The high neutronic absorption coefficient of light chemical elements and the high contrast of materials with similar density are an advantage for applications. The neutrograph has a wide variety of applications, among them: the analysis of nuclear fuels, the detection of hydrogenated and organic materials, the detection of flaws in turbine blades, the detection of corrosion in aircraft components, quality control of ceramic materials, detection of drugs and explosive materials (used in the pyrotechnic and ammun...
5
tesis de grado
Publicado 2018
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Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento Académico de Biología
6
artículo
Publicado 2020
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This study investigates the effects of reducing hydraulic retention times, to assess the stability of a thermophilic anaerobic digester (55° C), for treating a sludge produced in a treatment plant wastewater Valladolid, with a composition average COD 35,982 mg / L; SV 18,5 g / L; pH 8,08; N-NH3 347,5 mg / L; N-NKT 1833,8 mg / kg. It was proposed to work modifying the hydraulic retention time progressively reducing from 22,52 to 4,5 days in three stages for a period of 1001 days, increasing the feed flow rate and increasing the values of the organic loading rate. The results showed that the reactor entered into stress processes due to the increase in the reactor load, but they were tolerated and continued generating biogas and the elimination of SV of 37 % on average.
7
tesis de grado
Publicado 2025
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Objetivo, fue determinar el tiempo de permanencia de la carga orgánica en el reactor Bach que influye significativamente en la velocidad del oxígeno disuelto “en la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales Boca del Río”, Pisco. Estrategia metodológica, el estudio realizado de tipo observacional-prospectivo-longitudinal, que implicó la recopilación de datos a partir de mediciones directas en el reactor, utilizando aguas residuales procedentes de la planta de tratamiento. Estos datos se analizaron a través de análisis de regresión lineal y análisis de regresión simple para comprender la relación entre el kLa y la carga orgánica. Resultados, los resultados obtenidos revelaron una correlación significativa entre el kLa y la carga orgánica, con un alto coeficiente de determinación (R²) de 0.8678, lo que equivale al 86.78%. La velocidad de transferencia de oxígeno se mos...
8
tesis de grado
Publicado 2015
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This thesis is a technical and economic study to demonstrate the feasibility of installing a plant to produce ammonium nitrate fertilizer in Ilo- Peru. This research covers market research, plant design, economic evaluation and environmental assessment. The rationale for this project is the current demand for the product in question. It has also taken into account the agro-industrial development by facing the country. The plant capacity is set at 20 000 tonnes / year by UHDE process which has superior properties compared to other processes, facilities will be located in Ilo, Moquegua. This project requires an investment of $ 8 215 284,85 including fixed capital and working capital, investment will be recovered in 2.7 years as long as they produce 100% of the installed capacity with an after-tax IRR of 15,1%. The environmental impacts are evaluated by determining required to treat effluen...
9
tesis de grado
Publicado 2011
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Chapter I, the Biodiesel market study is done, in order to estimate the supply and demand for the product, as well as justify the possibility of installing a chemical plant for this purpose. This study was based on statistical data related to the consumption of Biodiesel, taking basically into account the Regulation of the Law for the Promotion of Biofuels Market, as being a relatively new product on the market has little data historical reference to consumption. Chapter II, the design selection process is discussed, and aims to choose a type of manufacturing process among existing, which is the most convenient and adaptable to our reality. For this purpose different processes are analyzed highlighting its main features for each of these. These processes will be subjected to an analysis of the technical and economic type to select the most appropriate Chapter III, aims to determine the c...
10
tesis de grado
Publicado 2017
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In the present thesis, a gasifier was simulated and designed using the Aspen HYSYS software in its version 8.0, using anthracitic coal as the raw material, a predominant resource in the upper Chicama area of the Liberta. The characteristics of the anthracitic coal in this area, as well as the conditions of the other feed streams to the reactor, affect the final conditions of the product gas and the dimensioning of the pilot scale gasifier. Once the different runs in the simulator have been started, it is possible to observe the behavior of these variables, that is, the conditions of the feeding, with which the optimum ranges for the process can be set. The simulation of a dragged gasifier that processes 1000 kg / h of slurry based on anthracite carbon, can use mass flow values obtained by stoichiometry (Oxygen: 712.3 kg / h and steam: 338.33 kg / h) which are found as optimal values of t...
11
tesis de maestría
Publicado 2016
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La eliminación total de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV’s) altamente tóxicos sin formación de contaminantes secundarios requiere de tecnologías altamente eficientes que garanticen su remoción a la menor temperatura posible con el subsiguiente ahorro energético. La combustión catalítica es una alternativa eficiente para el tratamiento de estos contaminantes frente a la incineración térmica pues opera a temperaturas por debajo de 400 ºC, evitando la formación de NOx. Este trabajo ha perseguido el desarrollo de catalizadores activos, térmicamente estables, selectivos a generar CO2 y económico para la combustión total de n-hexano en concentraciones habituales en emisiones gaseosas de la industria (concentración inicial 2000 ppmV). El n-hexano se ha seleccionado como molécula modelo por ser un solvente de alta difusión en la industria de pinturas, lacas y petroquími...
12
tesis de grado
Publicado 2017
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RESUMEN El proyecto de tesis titulado “GESTIÓN DE LA CALIDAD DEL AGUA PARA REDUCIR COSTOS EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LOS EFLUENTES EN LA EMPRESA GLORIA S.A”, nace de la necesidad de optimizar los procesos productivos con la finalidad de reducir costos operativos de los diversos procesos de planta. Las políticas de desarrollo y las necesidades de mejora continua son un común en la organización y cuentan con el soporte técnico y económico para su desarrollo. El proceso de mejora se desarrolló aplicando el ciclo de mejora continua. Para ello se evaluó las condiciones iniciales del entorno del proceso, los indicadores de proceso que lo gobiernan, se evaluó y desarrollo una propuesta de mejora, la cual con el desarrollo de estrategias dio como resultado el beneficio económico esperado. La planta de efluentes industriales de la empresa Gloria s. a procesa 196m3/h de efluente industrial...
13
tesis de grado
Publicado 2025
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El proceso Merrill-Crowe o Cementación se utiliza para la concentración y purificación de oro y plata a partir de soluciones de cianuro. Entre otras opciones disponibles para la recuperación de metales preciosos a partir de soluciones de cianuro, la Electrocoagulación (EC) es una técnica electroquímica muy prometedora para la recuperación de estos metales preciosos. En este trabajo, primero se presenta una introducción a los fundamentos del proceso Merrill Crowe y EC, luego se presentan los aspectos cinéticos, las condiciones y los resultados de ambos procesos para la remoción de oro y plata a partir de soluciones de cianuro, y finalmente se muestra la caracterización de los productos sólidos formados durante el proceso EC. Los resultados sugieren que la cementación de oro y plata por partículas de zinc suspendidas se ajusta a una cinética de primer orden bien comportada ...
14
artículo
Publicado 2000
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In recent years, technologies are being developed to treat acid mine drainage ( AMD ) , rock drainage (ARD ) and other effluents which are causing environmental pollution, both in water and soil . International environmental regulations today are quite demanding , since the current priority is the preservation of the environment. Currently has been developing terminology SBR secuential batch reactor describing a group of variable volume systems for activated sludge treatment , where the processes of sedimentation, aeration and clarification are performed in the same reactor. In the SBR happen sequentially in time different processes of equalization, aeration and clarification. This added to the biomass technology allows treatment of a wide range of metallic and organic compounds. SBR is successfully applied in USA and Canada hundreds of industrial plants. In this context we construct the...
15
artículo
Publicado 2000
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En los últimos años se están desarrollando tecnologías para el tratamiento de drenajes ácidos (AMD), drenaje de rocas (ARD) y otros efluentes que están causando contaminación ambiental, tanto de aguas como de suelos. Las normativas medioambientales internacionales en la actualidad son bastante exigentes, dado que la prioridad actual es la preservación del medio ambiente. Actualmente se ha venido desarrollando la terminología SBR secuential batch reactor que describe un grupo de sistemas de volumen variable para el tratamiento de lodos activados, donde los procesos de sedimentación, aireación y clarificación se realizan en un mismo reactor. En el SBR suceden en forma secuencial en tiempo diferentes procesos de ecualización, aireación y clarificación. Esto sumado a la tecnología de biomasa permite el tratamiento de un gran espectro de compuestos metálicos y orgánicos. SBR...
16
artículo
Publicado 2013
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The realization of the photo-electrochemical process consists in percolating the solution to be treated through an electrolytic reactor, in which the anodes coated with metal oxides remains under the effect of ultraviolet radiation (UV). The solution used in this study was contaminated artificially from fecal samples positive for bacteria and intestinal parasites. The evaluation of the process for the disinfection of water was held in photo-electrical-chemical reactor, with a total volume of 10.0 Lper batch system contaminated with human fecal material. It was used as the -1supporting electrolyte solution of sodium perchlorate at 0.1 mol. Land applying a current density -1of 14 mAwith the aid of a source and a flow rate of 250 L.h. The UVradiation was provided by a mercury vapor lamp of 55 Wwithout bulb shield. The center electrode is inserted through a quartz bulb. Samples were analyzed...
17
artículo
Publicado 2021
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The aim of this research was to characterize the parameters of the effluent generated in the cleaning process of printing machines, corrugators, rubber preparation reactors as an input for the manufacture of corrugated cardboard packaging, and compare them with the values after the processes coagulation-flocculation in a first stage, the following treatments were electroflotation (EF), electrocoagulation (EC) and gravel and sand filtration beds; For the characterization, the CERPER laboratory carried out the sampling of the waters, measuring in situ the parameters of pH, conductivity and temperature; SST, TDS, COD, BOD, Oils and Fats and Total Metals were measured in the laboratory. The results of the untreated water, the wastewater treated with gravel and sand filters, and the treated wastewater from reverse osmosis are shown in Table 4.
18
artículo
Publicado 2023
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En este trabajo de investigación se aplicó el método electro-oxidación para la decoloración de los efluentes reales y simulados provenientes de los procesos de teñido del algodón con colorantes reactivos, este método fue aplicado utilizando electrodos tipo malla, el cátodo de titanio y el ánodo de titanio recubierto con rutenio e iridio. Se utilizaron dos tipos de reactores, de un compartimiento y compartimiento doble separado con membrana de intercambio, con el fin de comparar el desempeño electroquímico en la decoloración de efluentes textiles que contienen colorantes reactivos (Corafix Blue Mers 150%, Corafix Golden Yellow Mer 150% y Corafix Red Me-4B 150%).Durante los ensayos de decoloración, se realizó el seguimiento del contenido de colorante y cloro mediante espectrofotometría UV-visible. En las pruebas de laboratorio se trató el efluente simulado a la concentraci...
19
artículo
Publicado 2023
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The worldwide demand for silver is increasing due to the technological development in different areas, especially for the requirements in the production of renewable energies; therefore, for the treatment of refractory minerals by conventional processes, it is necessary to study mechanisms to identify the viability of their processing and the feasibility of their recovery, ensuring profitability. Gold and silver present in the matrix of sulfide-based ores are not affordably recovered by the conventional method involving leaching in sodium cyanide solution. Therefore, it must be subjected to oxidation pretreatment or conversion of the sulfides to simple compounds that allow recovery of the precious metals. The methods of oxidation of minerals considered refractory are carried out by hydro and pyrometallurgical methods, seeking the dissolution of sulfur, iron, arsenic and other elements pr...
20
artículo
Publicado 2021
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One of the main residues generated in the dairy industry is whey, due to its high organic load it represents a serious environmental problem when it is disposed of to receiving natural bodies, altering its environmental quality. The efficiency of a combined system composed of electrocoagulation andbiological filter was evaluated; for which the electrocoagulation process was carried out in a batch reactor with aluminum and iron electrodes, the biological filter was packed with biomass composed of: Bacillus spp, Acinetobacter spp, Lactobacillus spp and Streptococcus spp. Electrocoagulation was responsible forreducing the organic load by more than 80% and the biological filter working with an average organic load of 1405 mg / L of BOD5 contributed to the reduction of the remaining organic load; the combined electrocoagulation-biological filter system with recir...
