Una de las fuentes de contaminación ambiental más drástica lo generan los efluentes de la industria de curtiembre, por la cantidad y tipos de químicos empleados en sus procesos. Se estudió la eficiencia de la electrocoagulación para la remoción de contaminantes presentes en ella. Se realizó la caracterización fisicoquímica de la muestra del efluente de la curtiembre; los ensayos de electrocoagulación se realizaron en un sistema de régimen batch, empleando electrodos de aluminio y hierro, configurado en un sistema monopolar y en paralelo; se ensayó con muestras de una curtiembre en las 6 principales etapas que corresponden a: lavado remojo, pelambre, curtido, desencale y engrase. Se logró una máxima reducción de turbiedad con 93.86 % para la muestra de lavado, seguido de la muestra de remojo con 88.67 %; en cuanto a las muestras compuestas, para la muestra de desencale má...

RESUMENLa industria de la curtiembre genera aguas residuales con alta carga contaminante si estos son desechados sin previo tratamiento alguno, afecta severamente a los distintos compartimientos ambientales. Se estudió la eficiencia de un modelo de sistema de tratamiento a escala para tratar los efluentes de la curtiembre. Se diseñó, construyo y evaluó un sistema que comprende de 4 etapas principales siendo estas: sedimentación, filtración, electrocoagulación y finalmente el tratamiento con un biofiltro a base de la biomasa de los hongos de Aspergillus niger y Rhizopus sp; se trabajó con una muestra compuesta por las etapas de lavado, remojo, pelambre, curtido, desencale y engrase de una curtiembre; se monitoreó antes y después del tratamiento los parámetros fisicoquímicos como la DBO5, DQO, sulfatos y cromo. Se obtuvo una remoción de DQO en 83,33 %, en cuando a la DBO5 se r...

The various anthropogenic activities pollute environmental resources in one way or another; One of the pollutants with the greatest impact is heavy metals. Lead removal capacity was studied (II) using the fungal biomass of Rhizopus sp. Rhizopus sp was grown in potato dextrose broth medium, it was worked in a batch system where the removal tests were carried out with lead metal (II), evaluating the influence of the parameters of pH, temperature and initial concentration of metal (II). The Rhizopus sp biomass manages to efficiently remove the lead (II) metal from aqueous solutions, determining the optimal parameters for the removal of lead, values of pH 5, temperature of 25 ° C and initial metal concentration of 50 ppm with which lead is achieved (II) in 85,49%, 84,19% and 99,90% respectively. Bioremediation represents an alternative to treat wastewater with heavy metals, as it is a low-c...

Environmental contamination by heavy metals represents a serious problem for humans and the ecosystem due to its degree of toxicity, which is why it is necessary to have treatment alternatives for its disposal. The bioremediation process of the lead (II) and cadmium (II) metals was carried out; through the use of native fungi isolated from the oxidation pool of the metallurgical laboratory of the National University of San Agustín, Arequipa -Peru; in Sabouraud dextrose and potato dextrose broth culture media, the fungal strains were cultivated to carry out the lead (II) and cadmium (II) removal tests, a batch system was used and the removal percentage was determined. Rhizopus spand Aspergillus nigerwere isolated and identified; in the removal tests it was determined that Rhizopus spwas the strain that most removed the lead (II) in 86.39 %, cadmium (II) in 69.23 % and the mixture in 74.8...

One of the main residues generated in the dairy industry is whey, due to its high organic load it represents a serious environmental problem when it is disposed of to receiving natural bodies, altering its environmental quality. The efficiency of a combined system composed of electrocoagulation andbiological filter was evaluated; for which the electrocoagulation process was carried out in a batch reactor with aluminum and iron electrodes, the biological filter was packed with biomass composed of: Bacillus spp, Acinetobacter spp, Lactobacillus spp and Streptococcus spp. Electrocoagulation was responsible forreducing the organic load by more than 80% and the biological filter working with an average organic load of 1405 mg / L of BOD5 contributed to the reduction of the remaining organic load; the combined electrocoagulation-biological filter system with recir...

One of the biggest environmental problems is related to mining effluents with cyanide, due to its high degree of toxicity, it causes highly significant impacts on the ecosystem in general. Although there are various technologies for its treatment, bioremediation is a potential alternative because it is friendly to the environment. The main objective is to analyze the main microorganisms used to carry out bioremediation processes of mining effluents with cyanide. A review of the different sources of information on cyanide bioremediation microorganisms was carried out. Finding that a wide diversity of microorganisms that can be used as potential biological agents to bioremedy cyanide are reported, among which those of the genus of Pseudomonas and Bacillus stand out; the main factors that must be taken into account to achieve high efficiencies are pH, temperature, nutrients, biomass concent...

El COVID-19 género una pandemia, el cual avanzo por diversos países del mundo, en Perú a inicios del mes de marzo se reportó los primeros casos y la región Puno no fue ajena a esta crisis mundial de salud. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar la relación de la neumonía y la pandemia del COVID-19 en la región Puno. Se realizó una revisión de las distintas fuentes de información de la evolución del COVID-19 y las enfermedades respiratorias que se presentan en la región Puno. Hallándose que los casos positivos para COVID-19 gran parte se diagnosticaron mediante las pruebas de detección rápida, los cuales no siempre tuvieron certeza en el diagnóstico, ya que no es una prueba muy específica por lo que puede dar lugar a una sobreestimación de las infecciones lo que implicaría que los pacientes con sospecha de neumonía podrían dar un falso positivo pa...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Ciencias Ambientales

One of the main residues generated in the dairy industry is whey, due to its high organic load it represents a serious environmental problem when it is disposed of to receiving natural bodies, altering its environmental quality. The efficiency of a combined system composed of electrocoagulation and biological filter was evaluated; for which the electrocoagulation process was carried out in a batch reactor with aluminum and iron electrodes, the biological filter was packed with biomass composed of: Bacillus spp, Acinetobacter spp, Lactobacillus spp and Streptococcus spp. Electrocoagulation was responsible for reducing the organic load by more than 80% and the biological filter working with an average organic load of 1405 mg / L of BOD5 contributed to the reduction of the remaining organic load; the combined electrocoagulation-biological filter system with recirculation achieved a removal ...

Environmental contamination by heavy metals represents a serious problem for humans and the ecosystem due to its degree of toxicity, which is why it is necessary to have treatment alternatives for its disposal. The bioremediation process of the lead (II) and cadmium (II) metals was carried out; through the use of native fungi isolated from the oxidation pool of the metallurgical laboratory of the National University of San Agustín, Arequipa - Peru; in Sabouraud dextrose and potato dextrose broth culture media, the fungal strains were cultivated to carry out the lead (II) and cadmium (II) removal tests, a batch system was used and the removal percentage was determined. Rhizopus sp and Aspergillus niger were isolated and identified; in the removal tests it was determined that Rhizopus sp was the strain that most removed the lead (II) in 86.39 %, cadmium (II) in 69.23 % and the mixture in ...

The various anthropogenic activities pollute environmental resources in one way or another; One of the pollutants with the greatest impact is heavy metals. Lead removal capacity was studied (II) using the fungal biomass of Rhizopus sp. Rhizopus sp was grown in potato dextrose broth medium, it was worked in a batch system where the removal tests were carried out with lead metal (II), evaluating the influence of the parameters of pH, temperature and initial concentration of metal (II). The Rhizopus sp biomass manages to efficiently remove the lead (II) metal from aqueous solutions, determining the optimal parameters for the removal of lead, values of pH 5, temperature of 25 ° C and initial metal concentration of 50 ppm with which lead is achieved (II) in 85,49%, 84,19% and 99,90% respectively. Bioremediation represents an alternative to treat wastewater with heavy metals, as it is a low-c...

CONTAMINACIÓN DEL AGUA

One of the biggest environmental problems is related to mining effluents with cyanide, due to its high degree of toxicity, it causes highly significant impacts on the ecosystem in general. Although there are various technologies for its treatment, bioremediation is a potential alternative because it is friendly to the environment. The main objective is to analyze the main microorganisms used to carry out bioremediation processes of mining effluents with cyanide. A review of the different sources of information on cyanide bioremediation microorganisms was carried out. Finding that a wide diversity of microorganisms that can be used as potential biological agents to bioremedy cyanide are reported, among which those of the genus of Pseudomonas and Bacillus stand out; the main factors that must be taken into account to achieve high efficiencies are pH, temperature, nutrients, biomass concent...