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1
artículo
Publicado 2025
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This paper examines internal investigations as an essential component of prevention models established under Law 30424 in Peru. Since the implementation of this regulation in 2017, supplemented by its 2019 decree, legal entities are required to adopt compliance programs or prevention models, known as Criminal Compliance, to mitigate the risks of criminal offenses. A key element of these models is the whistleblowing procedure, which includes internal investigations designed to identify crime indicators and ensure the validity of results. The study underscores the need to distinguish internal investigations from criminal investigations. The former are private, voluntary, and focused on organizational learning, while the latter are public, mandatory, and conducted by the Public Prosecutor’s Office with punitive and legal liability objectives. A paradigm shift is proposed to view internal ...
2
artículo
Publicado 2025
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Apunta la Circular 1/2016 de Fiscalía General del Estado de España que la cuestión relativa a la naturaleza jurídica de los modelos de prevención de delitos referidos por el CP tras la reforma de 2015 depende de la solución que se adopte ante la no menos controvertida cuestión de la naturaleza del modelo de atribución de responsabilidad penal a la persona jurídica. Sin perjuicio de otros sugerentes abordajes, las posturas sostenidas sobre el particular que acaba de ser planteado se dividen, en esencia, en dos grandes grupos: aquellas según las cuales la exención de responsabilidad penal de referencia obedecería a la exclusión de las categorías de la tipicidad o de la culpabilidad, por un lado; y las que consideran, por otra parte, que la eximente de compliance se encontraría vinculada, en cambio, a la punibilidad. En las siguientes líneas se expondrán y valorarán críti...
3
artículo
Publicado 2016
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In Ecuador there are high rates of accidents and occupational diseases, companies are required by current legislation to implement management systems in occupational safety and health, but there is not a methodology for its proper implementation and operation that will improve the effectiveness of preventive management in the Ecuadorian dairy sector The purpose of this research was to design a model to implement an Occupational Hazards Prevention Management System on a Dairy industry in Riobamba-Ecuador. To design the implementation model, it was taken as the basis of international standards ISO 14001, decision 584 of the Andean Instrument on Safety and Health at Work, resolution 957 and OHSAS 18001, Executive Order 2393, Resolution No. C.D. 513 of the Ecuadorian legal regulations applicable, mainly in productive sectors, labor and health, as well as international standards issued by the...
4
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Objetive: To propose strategies from the Tide Model to prevent anxiety in the dimensions of state and trait in students of the Biomedical Area of Universities of Peru and Colombia. The Study: Cross-sectional and descriptive type, the STAI questionnaire was used, adapted to Peru by Rojas, it has the validity of judges a with the V Aiken index and reliability by Cronbach's Alpha of 0.923 in A / E and 0.886 in A / R. Absolute and relative frequencies were used for the statistical analysis. Findings: In state anxiety, 35.2% and 32.4% of biomedical students present some anxiety in Colombia and Peru, respectively, and in trait anxiety, 39.1% of Peruvians present some anxiety and 31.5% of Colombian students presented quite an anxiety. Conclusion: Comparatively, biomedical students at the University of Colombia have an anxiety level of 82.5% and that of Peru 78.9%.
5
artículo
Publicado 2020
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This paper aims to reflect on the theme of Prevention, Health Promotion and Personal Bioethics in the defense and promotion of human life. Today more than ever it is necessary to maintain a vigilant look at human life, which is continually exposed to dangers that affect the health and well-being of people, hence the need for an incisive health promotion that benefits everyone. Personalistic Bioethics in this context is proposed through three of its principles as the model that defends the human person and its dignity, in the promotion of health care and the life of each person, as both an individual and a collective commitment.
6
artículo
Publicado 2020
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This paper aims to reflect on the theme of Prevention, Health Promotion and Personal Bioethics in the defense and promotion of human life. Today more than ever it is necessary to maintain a vigilant look at human life, which is continually exposed to dangers that affect the health and well-being of people, hence the need for an incisive health promotion that benefits everyone. Personalistic Bioethics in this context is proposed through three of its principles as the model that defends the human person and its dignity, in the promotion of health care and the life of each person, as both an individual and a collective commitment.
7
artículo
Publicado 2021
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This research explains the applications of the algorithm that was designed to provide statistical support for medical doctors. The support that was achieved from this research looks for an urgent interpretation of parameters such as the rate of infected people by COVID-19 and the rate of deceased people because of this virus. Furthermore, this research achieves prediction rates that were provided by a mathematical model that observes and adapts real statistical data from other countries, where governments are trying to find solutions against of COVID-19 propagation. It means, in order to get accuracy in prediction results, it was necessary to analyse what was the statistical behaviour from China and other countries that returned to normal activities as it was before virus imposed to confine population inside homes. On the other hand, it is summarized the virus problematic growth and some...
8
artículo
Publicado 2016
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The present study has as aim demonstrate that the high existing levels of environmental noise in the main tenance work shops, can affect the health of the exposed workers in different ways. Nowadays the professional deafnesses admit that they are more for the effects of the labor noise on the persons (effects happened by the reaction of stress, interference with the communication, interference with the mental and psychomotor activities, subjective in convenience). In particular, the exhibition to sonorous high levels can cause a momentary loss of the auditory capacity (temporary displacement of the auditory threshold). We also know that a sound of great intensity can produce a break of the tympanic membrane; this traumatic effect has been observed for sounds by levels superior to 150 decibels (for example, in persons exposed to explosions or shots of fire guns). However, the most habitua...
9
artículo
Publicado 2018
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El propósito fue determinar el efecto del modelo pedagógico para prevenir úlceras por presión en pacientes hospitalarios con estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán Huánuco, 2014. Para ello se usó el diseño cuasiexperimental, con un grupo de 46 estudiantes, mediante muestreo no probabilístico, empleando criterios de inclusión y exclusión. El modelo pedagógico fue organizado en cuatro sesiones educativas, una vez por semana, para medir competencias cognitiva, procedimental y actitudinal, aplicando cuestionario, guía de observación y escala tipo Likert adaptado. En el pretest 60% obtuvo nota regular y mala; en el postest 65% alcanzó resultado bien y muy bien. En lo procedimental en pretest el 70% realizó medidas incorrectas en prevención de UPP; en el postest 90% aplicó correctamente. En el pretest el 85% mostró conducta desfavorable; en p...
10
artículo
Publicado 2018
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Numerous studies have assessed the benefits of cleaner production on business performance but have not yet reached conclusive results. This investigation is an attempt to make two contributions to business management. Firstly, various types of cleaner production activities are compared, as well as hard and soft kills. Secondly, this study complements existing literature that focuses on Peruvian copper mining industry. Additionally, the relationship between cleaner production and business performance was evaluated using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). An overall positive impact of cleaner production on business performance was found. On the other hand, it was also found that high-cost cleaner production activities have a bigger contribution to financial performance compared to non-financial performance, whereas low-cost cleaner production activities have a greater contribution to non...
11
artículo
Publicado 2024
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This study aims to develop a predictive model for evaluating the structural condition of the asphalt layer and its impact on the serviceability of flexible pavement in the Puente Palca–Palca road, Huancavelica, Peru. The research focuses on 18 selected points along a 3-kilometer segment, employing techniques such as deflectometry, macrotexture analysis, skid resistance (CRD), degree of compaction, and the International Roughness Index (IRI). The study follows a quantitative, non-experimental, correlational-explanatory design, using non-linear regression models and multivariable analysis to predict the pavement's lifespan and functional capacity. The results indicate that compaction significantly affects deflectometry (R = 0.543), while asphalt content inversely influences macrotexture (R² = 0.5648). A critical reduction in surface texture (<1.0 mm) occurs when asphalt content excee...
12
artículo
Publicado 2006
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We thank Dr. Horacio B. Croxatto from the Instituto Chileno de Medicina Reproductiva for his valuable comments in the preparation of this manuscript. This work received financial support from grants CONCYTEC 628 DE-89 and 2043 DE-91, and FONDECYT 1030315.
13
artículo
Publicado 2020
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This investigation allowed to evaluate the results of risk management in a mining operation. This highlights the importance of adopting preventive measures to control the causes of accidents. To this end, a methodology is developed that allows identifying and giving maximum attention to the existing critical risks, determined from evaluating and analyzing the information provided in the Accident Investigation Reports. Thus, the predominant work characteristics are recognized in the occurrence of accidents, to systematically address them and avoid the damage they generate. This methodology uses the Pareto Principle, to find in a practical way, those few characteristics of the work that still influence the accident rate, in which we must focus our management as a priority. It also allows identifying the ‘target audience’ that is the most affected by the damage. All this properly manage...
14
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Criminal compliance is an effective and suitable mechanism to prevent and detect legal violations in companies, since they are independent subjects of imputation, different from the persons who make them up. The study is based on the theoretical foundations of this legal figure and the regulatory framework stipulated in the law that regulates the administrative responsibility of legal persons (Law 30424), its regulations and the guidelines of the Superintendency of the Securities Market of Peru. Likewise, its conceptualization, function and practical utility are explored. It is concluded that a regulatory compliance program should not only be assessed in terms of its functions to exempt or mitigate the penalty of a company, but also for its economic utility due to the security perceived by a company that has a program that manages business risks and handles optimal prevention, identifica...
15
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Child sexual abuse is considered one of the child maltreatment ways. The basic criteria for this typifying are also established. According to the Finkelhor and Krugman model, the conditions for its occurrence are explained. Indicators for assessing, protecting or compensating and for risk or potentiating factors are proposed by the Program of Sensibilization and Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse (Save the Children), Finally, the measures to prevent protective factors for sexual abuse strengthening in children and their families are established.
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Child sexual abuse is considered one of the child maltreatment ways. The basic criteria for this typifying are also established. According to the Finkelhor and Krugman model, the conditions for its occurrence are explained. Indicators for assessing, protecting or compensating and for risk or potentiating factors are proposed by the Program of Sensibilization and Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse (Save the Children), Finally, the measures to prevent protective factors for sexual abuse strengthening in children and their families are established.
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Objective: To determine the cost utility of preventive interventions against breast cancer in Peruvian women. Design: Cost-utility type economic evaluation. Material: Epidemiologic parameters, costs. Interventions: A cost utility analysis using Markov model based on the information of epidemiological parameters, costs associated with breast cancer and usefulness was performed. Costs were from the payer perspective (Health Ministry) compared with adjusted life years (QALYs) and used a discount rate of 5%. Main outcome measures: Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Results: The annual cost of breast self-examination intervention was USD 10 410 811, for clinical breast examination was 45 007 733.76, with mammography was USD 46 624 661.45 and for intervention with tamoxifen was $ 4 705 800. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (RICE) was 2 639.6 USD / QALY.Conclusions: The...
18
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Objective: To determine the cost utility of preventive interventions against breast cancer in Peruvian women. Design: Cost-utility type economic evaluation. Material: Epidemiologic parameters, costs. Interventions: A cost utility analysis using Markov model based on the information of epidemiological parameters, costs associated with breast cancer and usefulness was performed. Costs were from the payer perspective (Health Ministry) compared with adjusted life years (QALYs) and used a discount rate of 5%. Main outcome measures: Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Results: The annual cost of breast self-examination intervention was USD 10 410 811, for clinical breast examination was 45 007 733.76, with mammography was USD 46 624 661.45 and for intervention with tamoxifen was $ 4 705 800. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (RICE) was 2 639.6 USD / QALY.Conclusions: The...
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The article is developed at this time seeking to develop dynamically and extends the theme of control, prevention and suppression of money laundering in Peru: it can also determine their effects on national economic and financial crisis. This project will evaluate three perspectives from the field of International Legal Framework and National Crime money laundering and related offenses, and treatment under Peruvian law and comparative law. It also interpreted the law that established the requirement for audited financial institutions to implement prevention mechanisms, oriented to avoid channeling funds of illicit origin through its operations and its commitment to the Financial Supervisory Authority as supervisor of the State, verify the functionality, appropriateness and effectiveness of these mechanisms. The article not only seeks to highlight the current regulation of laundering mone...
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Strokes also known as CVA, have increased in the last 20 years, it is expected that, worldwide, by the year 2030 it willbe present in 5 million people as a cause of death, the projection has been made with ischemic stroke, considered themost common (Fan, J., Li, X., Yu, X., Liu, Z., Jiang, Y., Fang, Y., y Xiong, L.,2023).The story “Something happens tograndma” is a pedagogical proposal developed for the promotion of healthy habits and prevention of CVA, the use ofthe story as an important psychoeducational tool for health promotion and disease prevention has been demonstrated(Babarro and Lacalle, 2018; Bravender, Rusell, Chung, & Armostrong 2010; Dupont, 1993; Franzini & De Santis, 2011;Pérez Ordóñez, 2019; Redondo, Gómez, Fabregat, & Camas, 2009; Rivera Daza, 2019; Jauregui, Martínez, Montes,& Martínez, 2020). The proposal has as its theoretical basis the proce...
