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1
artículo
This paper is a summary of a thesis to get the professional title of Geographical Engineer. The burning of sugar cane is the major source of pollution in the district of Laredo and surrounding areas. This burning is done before harvest where the leaves are burned, it is done to ensure control of pests and reduce harvesting costs, while the one made after the harvest which is burned in the bag of the cane and the remaining green leaves can eliminate waste and accelerate land preparation and replanting. When cane burning is taking place, pollution occurs in form of shower of particles and fly ash together with no visible smoke and gases. Those most affected are housewives, dirty as these fly ash floors, household goods and clothes placed on clotheslines.
2
artículo
This paper is a summary of a thesis to get the professional title of Geographical Engineer. The burning of sugar cane is the major source of pollution in the district of Laredo and surrounding areas. This burning is done before harvest where the leaves are burned, it is done to ensure control of pests and reduce harvesting costs, while the one made after the harvest which is burned in the bag of the cane and the remaining green leaves can eliminate waste and accelerate land preparation and replanting. When cane burning is taking place, pollution occurs in form of shower of particles and fly ash together with no visible smoke and gases. Those most affected are housewives, dirty as these fly ash floors, household goods and clothes placed on clotheslines.
3
artículo
Publicado 2021
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We present the effects of the confinement and physical distancing policies applied during the COVID-19 pandemic on the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO, NO2 and O3 in 16 cities in central and southern Chile. The period between March and May in 2020 was compared with the corresponding months during 2017–2019, using surface data and satellite information. The relative percent changes in the concentration of atmospheric pollutants, and the meteorological variables observed between these two periods were used to quantify the effects of the lockdowns on the local air quality of the urban areas studied. The results showed statistically significant changes in 11 of the 16 cities. Significant relative changes between +14% and –33% were observed for PM10 in 9 cities; while statistically significant changes between –6% and –48% were evident for PM2.5 in 10 cities. Significant decreases be...
4
tesis de grado
Publicado 2023
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International trade is an important component of the economic structure and dynamics of countries, especially those that are relatively small, such as Peru and Chile, located in the Southern Hemisphere. These economies can be considered small and open, characterized by their dependence on the mining sector, with similar characteristics in their policies of openness to the international economy, and with an agricultural export sector well positioned in international spheres. Regarding the latter, Peru ranks fifth in the world ranking of fresh fruit exports and leads the growth of this item through 2006-2022. Due to the dynamism of this segment, this case study analyzes the incidence of world economic variables on fresh fruit exports, both in Peru and Chile. The external factors considered are linked to the destination markets; and will be considered variables such as the Fruit Price Index...
5
tesis de grado
Publicado 2021
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La economía China ha experimentado en estas últimas 4 décadas diversas reformas de carácter económico-productivo que podrían consolidarla como la primera potencia económica mundial, de mantenerse el respeto a las reglas de libre comercio internacional. China, entre otros efectos, originó mayor importación de cobre de países como Perú y Chile. Ambos, con antecedentes y peso relevante de la actividad minera en su PIB y que se vieron beneficiados por la mayor exportación del mineral. Asimismo, la pobreza monetaria en Perú y Chile se redujo de forma importante, durante el período en estudio, lo cual podría llevarnos a inferir una probable conexión entre el desempeño de la economía China con el bienestar social de países exportadores de cobre. A fin de medir esto, se desarrolló y aplicó el modelo econométrico en PD Efectos Fijos que, vincula la tasa de pobreza monetaria ...
6
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Ecologically-sound management plans for high-altitude grasslands of the Andes depend on an understanding the responses of plants to fire, especially the dominant tussock grasses. This study considers physiognomic responses of tussock grass in 13 sites in northern Ecuador with a known fire history, with time since fire 0.5–10 y, and a control site which had not been burned for at least 40 y. At each site, we assessed vegetation height, basal cover of the tussocks, and the ratio of dead:live leaves in tussocks. We also measured light at ground level. As recovery time increased, tussock cover and number decreased, while tussock height increased. Light levels fell sharply below the tussock canopies as recovery took place, and dead leaves accumulated quickly, reaching 60 – 70% by just two years after fire. The modification of physical tussock structure is likely to influence a much wider ...
7
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Ecologically-sound management plans for high-altitude grasslands of the Andes depend on an understanding the responses of plants to fire, especially the dominant tussock grasses. This study considers physiognomic responses of tussock grass in 13 sites in northern Ecuador with a known fire history, with time since fire 0.5–10 y, and a control site which had not been burned for at least 40 y. At each site, we assessed vegetation height, basal cover of the tussocks, and the ratio of dead:live leaves in tussocks. We also measured light at ground level. As recovery time increased, tussock cover and number decreased, while tussock height increased. Light levels fell sharply below the tussock canopies as recovery took place, and dead leaves accumulated quickly, reaching 60 – 70% by just two years after fire. The modification of physical tussock structure is likely to influence a much wider ...
8
tesis de grado
Publicado 2021
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El presente trabajo describe el impacto del crecimiento de China en las economías de Chile y Perú, así como la medición de la paridad del poder de compra de estos países, medido en términos de bienes transables en el mercado internacional. Entendiéndose por Paridad de Poder Adquisitivo, la ley de un único precio, en la que salvo por los costes de transporte y aduanas, todos los bienes deberían los mismos precios en el país local y en el extranjero. El trabajo describe brevemente los principales acontecimientos en la economía de los tres países y su relación comercial, se muestra el comportamiento de las exportaciones a lo largo del periodo de estudio que abarca desde el 2009 al 2020. Se revisará estadísticamente la composición de la canasta de exportación e importación de los tres países y las variaciones del crecimiento económico. Asimismo, se evalúa el comportamien...
9
tesis de grado
Publicado 2021
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La importancia de la investigación es analizar el efecto de la inversión extranjera directa en la desigualdad de los ingresos en los países de la Alianza del Pacífico (Colombia, Chile, México y Perú), así como, el efecto de la inversión extranjera directa (IED) desde una perspectiva sectorial, donde se identifican 3 grandes sectores: primario, manufactura y servicios. Asimismo, se estima el efecto de la corrupción y las variables de control, tales como capital humano, comercio, gasto público, crecimiento poblacional en la desigualdad de ingresos. Para efectos del análisis, se utilizó un panel de datos para los 4 países de la Alianza del Pacífico en el período de 1998-2019 y se utilizaron datos del Banco Mundial (BM), Naciones Unidas (UN), Transparencia Internacional (TI), ProInversión, Banco Central de Colombia (BRC), Banco Central de Perú (BCRP), Banco Central de Chile ...
10
tesis de grado
Publicado 2021
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El presente estudio busca demostrar la importancia que han tenido las Reservas Internacionales Netas (RIN) en reducir el deterioro de la balanza de cuenta corriente y la balanza de capitales de los países de Perú y Chile ante la crisis financiera internacional del año 2008 originada en EEUU. El deterioro de la balanza en cuenta corriente empieza con la caída de los términos de intercambio producto de que las economías avanzadas están en recesión, mientras que el siguiente paso es la salida de los flujos de capitales extranjeros, impactando negativamente en la balanza de capitales, por ello es la importancia que ha tenido en las crisis las Reservas Internacionales. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo proponer alternativas para aumentar las Reservas Internacionales Netas (RIN) cuando la coyuntura económica es favorable y utilizarlas cuando no es favorable, tenien...
11
tesis de grado
Publicado 2022
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Severe burn damage the respiratory mucosa and destroy epithelial tissue, resulting in systemic, metabolic, and sometimes fatal consequences. For decision-making, it is necessary to have easy-to-access predictors of mortality. The study's objective was to evaluate and contrast the performance of the rBaux, ABSI, and APACHE II indices as indicators of mortality in patients with significant burns. 20 papers were chosen for a bibliographic analysis, which included information on mortality, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the rBaux, ABSI, and APACHE II indexes. According to AUC, the accuracy of the rBaux, ABSI, and APACHE II indices was 0.84 to 0.99, 0.85 to 0.94, and 0.64 to 0.93 correspondingly. In terms of sensitivity, APACHE II scored the highest while ABSI scored the lowest, while in terms of specificity, ABSI scored the highest while APACHE II scored the lowest. The measuremen...
12
artículo
Publicado 2013
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Se prepararon partículas de quitosano de tamaño micrométrico y nanométrico por gelación ionotrópica, utilizando radiación gamma y obteniéndose partículas de forma y tamaño uniforme. Se aplicó radiación gamma a muestras de quitosano hasta 15 kGy, en 5 dosis y a las que se les añadió un polianión, fueron caracterizadas por Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica (AFM) y Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión (TEM), observándose la presencia de micropartículas y nanopartículas a partir de la segunda hasta la cuarta dosis de irradiación, a partir de la quinta ya se observa la formación de una especie de malla. La concentración de 0,2 % de quitosano y 0,84 g/mL del polianión son importantes en la formación de las partículas así como en su distribución. Las nanopartículas obtenidas presentaron actividad antimicrobiana frente a la cepa de Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853,...
13
tesis de maestría
Publicado 2020
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La presente investigación se sustenta en el objetivo de conocer cuál es la relación que existe entre los estilos de vida y el síndrome de Burnout en el personal de salud del Hospital II-2 de Tarapoto. La investigación fue descriptiva correlacional, de corte transversal, para la recolección de datos se empleó, un cuestionario para evaluar los estilos de vida y el inventario de Maslach para el síndrome de Burnout que fueron aplicados en forma personalizada a 207 trabajadores de salud entre técnicos de enfermería, enfermeros, obstetras y médicos. Resultados: Se evidencia que el 76.8% del personal de salud del hospital II- 2 de Tarapoto tiene un estilo de vida saludable y no sufre del síndrome de Burnout, mientras que el 38.5 % con un estilo de vida poco saludable si posee este síndrome. El estilo de vida predominante es “Saludable” en un 72%, siendo los médicos los que tie...
14
artículo
Publicado 2023
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Over time, the manufacturing industry has evolved enormously, requiring increasingly efficient processes, with reduced repair times and fewer defects. In this sense, in the case study a low efficiency in the production process was identified, given that the percentage in the plastics sector is 73%. Therefore, a more detailed analysis was carried out and it was found that high repair time and reprocessing due to defects are the main causes. Consequently, an improvement model based on 5S, TPM and SMED tools is proposed with the objective of reducing the costs of the described problem, which are equivalent to 7.45% of revenues. In addition, it seeks to reduce reprocesses due to defects by 43%, while repair time is reduced by 77%. Applying the presented model, it was obtained a decrease of the presented 5S deficiencies by 11.50%, increase of efficiency to 73.65%, improvement of machine avail...
15
objeto de conferencia
Publicado 2021
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El proyecto parte de las dificultades en las prácticas pictórica y escultórica para aplicar color a piezas cerámicas que, por sus dimensiones o características, no pueden ser quemadas en hornos cerámicos convencionales. Así, propone una investigación y experimentación con materiales como óxidos, fundentes y materiales refractarios a la vez que se sirve del combustible de oxiacetileno como medio de activación, de modo que el proceso se da fuera del horno.
16
libro
Publicado 2024
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The largest negative environmental impact in the Peruvian Amazon (PA) is deforestation. To date, more than 8.4 million hectares have already been deforested, and they continue to grow. Deforestation for the 2011-2020 was 50% higher than that of the 2001-2010 period. Deforestation in the Peruvian Amazon is linked to several factors that include agricultural activities, logging, petroleum drilling, u rban growth and road building as the major drivers of the process. Illicit activities such as illegal gold mining with a strong impact in Madre de Dios and illegal logging and illicit coca cultivation throughout the Amazon region are also playing an increasingly major role in deforestation of the Peruvian Amazon. Illicit coca has spread through the PA through several stages since the 1970’s. There are no detailed records of coca areas before the 80’s. As of 2001 with the initiation of UNOD...
17
tesis de grado
Publicado 2022
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In recent years, people are more involved in having a healthy lifestyle and part of this is reflected in the diet. A trend has been seen in people's preferences for healthy eating. It is for this reason that the idea for this project arose. The main objective of the study is to determine the technological, market, economic, financial, social and enviornmental viability for the installation of a plant that produces dehydrated fruit snacks covered with chocolate. Fruits provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber needed to support a healthy digestive system, while dark chocolate, high in cocoa, contains antioxidants and can help burn fat. In the market study part, it was possible to attract a target audience belonging to the inhabitants of Metropolitan Lima, from socioeconomic levels A and B, over 18 years old and have some interest in having a healthy lifestyle. The demand for this project was ...
18
artículo
Publicado 2023
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On December 7, 2022, former President Pedro Castillo announces the temporary closure of Congress, without the support of the armed forces, institutions, or citizens, resulting in a presidential vacancy due to “permanent moral incapacity” and his arrest. Part of the population considers that the vacancy and the arrest of the former president were not carried out following due process, which exacerbates the mood, producing demonstrations that translate into road blockades, burning of institutional premises among other disturbances; with a balance of more than 60 deaths. This article aims to make an approach to understand why there are greater conflicts in the Puno region than in the rest of the country and to what extent these social conflicts and road blockages are related to the fact of the presence of the Aymara culture, historical factors, HDI or even to external or external factor...
19
artículo
Publicado 1971
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Jiw k'erajaya. Antes de escarbar, se prende en medio de la chacra una fogata con bostas, a la cual se echa untu o sebo de llama, q'oa o hierba, hojas de coca e incienso. Mientras esto arde, de rodillas, sin sombrero, se hace oración: Padre Nuestro y Ave María. Durante un rato, picchan coca, se invitan aguardiente. Empiezan a escarbar.
20
artículo
Publicado 2022
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South American camelids played key roles within the Inca empire. In addition of providing primary products, such as meat and hide, they were important sources of wool, fuel, and fertilizer, while llamas were also valued as beasts of burden. Moreover, ethnohistorical accounts indicate that on occasion of the ritual celebrations organized by the state, young male camelids were regularly slaughtered in the hundreds. The reports further indicate that some of the sacrificed animals were burned, and their ashes thrown ceremoniously into a river, while others were distributed and consumed during the same public ceremonies. Recent archaeological research carried out at the Inca provincial center of Tambo Viejo of the Acari Valley resulted in the finding of an excellent collection of camelid bones; its analysis demonstrates that the bones and their respective epiphyses were about to fuse or had j...
