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1
artículo
Publicado 2025
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Este estudio caracterizó los parámetros físicoquímicos y nutrientes en efluentes y evaluó el crecimiento de Euterpe precatoria en un sistema multitrófico con Piaractus brachypomus, después de 120 días de cultivo. Se establecieron 2 sistemas acuapónicos (G1) (G2) con quince (n=15) plantas en cada sistema y un grupo control (GC) con quince (n=15) plantas sobre sustrato tierra. Las plantas del G1 y G2 se irrigaron con efluentes de la crianza de P. brachypomus con alimentación diaria al 2% y 5% de la biomasa, respectivamente. Cada sistema acuapónico se constituyó de un tanque de 600 L con 30 peces (280.00 g) + filtro mecánico + filtro biológico + cama hidropónica con 15 plantas bajo sistema NFT + sumidero final. Las plantas mantenidas en los G1 y G2 no modificaron (p>0.05) los parámetros físicoquímicos del efluente irrigado, pero redujeron el contenido de Fósforo (p<...
2
artículo
Publicado 2019
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This work was developed at the universidad nacional agraria de la selva. The objective was to determine the formulation of fish burgers with textured soy and sacha inchi oil, and evaluate the cooking time of the burgers and its progress during storage. The raw material was paco fish obtained from the instituto amazonía (iiaP). to determine the formulation of hamburgers, treatments varied in textured soy: sacha inchi oil, and were: t1 (0%:5%), t2 (0%:7.5%), t3 (0%:10%), t4 (2.5%:5%), t5 (2.5%:7.5%), t6 (2.5%:10%), t7 (5%:5%), t8 (5%:7.5%) and t9 (5%:10%), this was determined by sensory testing of balanced incomplete block design, incomplete and complete block test, and the “t” test. to determine the burger cooking time it was subjected to 85 °c for 5,10 and 15 minutes, and it was evaluated by the crac. The progress during storage was evaluated by the ph, humidity, tbars, sensory and...
3
artículo
Publicado 2011
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The complete work of César Vallejo includes poetry, essays, narrative and theater. The highest values correspond to poetry as an intellectual and creative activity to the point that practically the author's name is closely associated with this genre, constituting the Vallejo-poetry pairing, which relegates the rest to the background. A greater approach to his literature is required to identify his other productions and find the eigenvalues of each of his texts. Storytelling was not a job alien to Vallejo. He practiced it from the earliest times as a writer. Proof of this is in Escalas, known as Escalas melographadas (Lima 1923), whose chronology fixes the moments of his imprisonment in jail between 1920 and 1921 as those of his first writing. The same year of 1923, months after Escalas, he will publish in the collection of the Peruvian novel by Pedro Barrantes Castro, Fabla ...
4
tesis de grado
Publicado 2011
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El proyecto propuesto, fue para la localidad de la Asociación de Agricultores 10 de Octubre Sangani, en que se establecerá el centro piscícola, cuya ubicación establecida es Región Junín, Provincia de Chanchamayo, Distrito Perené, anexo Sangani. El estudio tuvo una duración de 7 meses, que comprendió los meses de setiembre 2010 a abril de 2011. El problema planteado fue: ¿Es factible técnica, económica, social y ambientalmente viable para desarrollar piscicultura de paco (piaractus brachypomus) y gamitana (colossoma macropomum) en el distrito de Perene - Chanchamayo? La hipótesis formulada fue: La factibilidad técnico, económico y financiero es viable para establecer una empresa dedicada a la reproducción y crianza intensiva de Paco y Gamitana en el distrito de Perene – Chanchamayo, y el objetivo general fue: Determinar la factibilidad técnica económica, social y ambi...
5
artículo
The objective of the present study was to describe the macroscopic anatomy of the sinus in the alpaca. Ten skulls of adult alpacas were prepared by the maceration technique, and the description through longitudinal cuts was done using terminology recommended by the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria. In addition, X-rays with contrast medium were taken to four adult alpacas to determine the relationships of sinus with other anatomical structures. Results showed that the frontal and maxillary sinus were well developed and communicated through the frontomaxillary hole; the frontal sinus is divided into a medial and lateral portion as in small ruminants; the maxillary sinus is undivided and has a communication with the nasal cavity through the nasomaxillary opening as in the equine. The sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses were not evident.
6
artículo
The gestation biometrics of the alpaca (Vicugna pacos) are described. The abdominal diameter was determined monthly from 10 pregnant alpacas. In addition, uterus of 49 pregnant alpacas were collected from the Maranganí herd (Cusco, Peru) and classified by gestational age known as mating date (every 30 days from day 30 to 330 [± 15 days]). Gravid uteri were weighed and measured, allantoic and amniotic fluid was removed and measured, and fetal weight and length were determined. The results indicate a slight increase in abdominal diameter until the end of gestation, the fetus gradually increases its weight as gestation progresses, being greater from the sixth month onwards. The total length of the fetus increases from month nine. The amniotic fluid represents less than 18% of the volume of the allantoic fluid, both fluids have low volumes. An increase in fluids could be observed towards m...
7
artículo
El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo la descripción anatómica macroscópica de los senos paranasales de la alpaca. Se utilizaron 10 cabezas de alpacas adultas, donde la capa muscular se removió mediante la técnica de maceración. La descripción de los senos paranasales se hizo a través de cortes longitudinales empleándose la terminología recomendada por la Nómina Anatómica Veterinaria. Asimismo, se tomaron placas radiográficas con un medio de contraste a cuatro alpacas adultas vivas para determinar las relaciones con otras estructuras anatómicas. Los resultados demostraron que los senos frontal y maxilar se encuentran desarrollados y se comunican por el agujero frontomaxilar; el seno frontal se divide en medial y lateral, similar a los rumiantes menores; el seno maxilar es indiviso, similar a los rumiantes, pero se comunica con la cavidad nasal a través de la abertura nasom...
8
artículo
Publicado 2016
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This study aimed to evaluate the skull osteometry and to calculate the craniometric indexes of adult alpacas (Vicugna pacos). The study was carried out using 30 heads of adult Huacaya alpacas (15 males and 15 females), from the district of Sicuani, Cusco, Peru. The skulls were obtained by the maceration technique. The anatomical description was applied using the recommended terminology by the Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature 2012. A digital vernier was used in the measurement and calculation of craniometric indexes. The «t» test was used to determine differences due to sex. The results showed that adult alpacas do not have sexual dimorphism related to craniometry values. The skulls are the dolichocephalic type with a Total Cephalic Index of 46.43% and ultradolichocranial with a Total Cephalic Index of 55.42%. The alpaca face is the hiperleptene type with a Facial Index of 103.17%, pr...
9
artículo
Publicado 2008
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This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (BFU2005-02241/BFI), Spain and by the CONCYTEC: PROCYT project 2006, Peru. The authors thank Ewing Rafael Duque for his technical assistance, N. Skinner for stylistic revision of the English text and Professor Gerard Tramu (University of Bordeaux I, France) for kindly providing the CGRP antiserum.
10
artículo
The short story “Paco Yunque,” written by Cesar Vallejo, tells the story of a country boy who is abused by Humberto Grieve, the son of a wealthy family. This tale of injustice provides a commentary on the relationships that exist between the rich and the poor. It demonstrates how a focus on money creates dominators and dominated, and that this outcome is so fundamental to capitalist society that the effects are seen even in children at school. This essay analyzes various literary tools that are used to express this message and inspire in the reader the desire to fight for a better world.
11
tesis de grado
Publicado 2008
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The present investigation work you carries out in the city of !quitos, in the facilities o, f the CRI - lnstitute of lnvestigation of the Peruvian Amazonía, of the National University of the Peruvian Amazonia {Ability of Engineering in Alimentary Industries and of Biological Sciences), of the Company Nauta S.A whose main objective was to establish the parameters to obtain a product with characteristic organolépticas, physical-chemical, microbiológicas, and nutritious for the consumption human. During the development of this work 90 specimens were used and they have carried out a series of experiments, to evaluate and to obtain the good parameters of prosecution, being achieved the following process conditions: Matter Prevails; Lavado/Pesado; Desescamado/Fileteado/Eviscerado; Laundry I Bled with water clorada and brine to 2%; Ensalmuerado for 30 min al 10% or to 20 % for 15 min; mellow...
12
artículo
Publicado 2016
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The coefficients of the apparent digestibility for dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid and gross energy in cooked and raw green plantain meal (GPM), cassava root meal (CRM), and peach palm meal (PPM) were determined for juveniles of black pacu (60.8 ± 6.4 g) and red pacu (76.3 ± 5.0 g). The ADC of each alternative ingredient was determined by comparison of the digestibility (based on recovery of 1% chromic oxide as an inert marker) of a reference diet (consisting of 70% of test diet and 30% of the feedstuff) against with a test diet (24.5% of crude protein). Fish were bred in a recirculation system including 42, 110-L glass aquaria (21 tanks per species) at a density of five fish per tank, and fed their respective diets to apparent satiety, twice a day. Feces were collected after 10 days in plexiglass fecal collectors. Apparent digestibility coefficients of crude protein, cr...
13
artículo
Publicado 2002
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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la densidad de siembra adecuada para Piaractus brachypomus, “paco”. Se utilizó el diseño experimental de Bloques Completos al Azar utilizando una matriz W= 3 x 3. Los tratamientos utilizados fueron T 1:5 000 peces ha-1 x 3, T 2:10 000 peces ha-1 x 3, T 3:15 000 peces ha-1 x 3. Se sembraron un total de 744 alevinos de “paco” obtenidos por reproducción artificial con longitud y peso promedio inicial de 8.5 cm y 10.4 g, respectivamente. El alimento utilizado fue balanceado con 33% de proteína bruta. La tasa de alimentación inicial y final fue del 10% y 2.5% de la biomasa, respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos no muestran diferencias significativas en longitud, peso, tasa de crecimiento específico, factor de conversión de alimento, eficiencia alimenticia y factor de condición entre tratamientos. Al incrementar la d...
14
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Se evaluó el desempeño productivo de paco Piaractus brachypomus y gamitana Colossoma macropomum criados bajo el sistema de policultivo utilizando estanques circulares y alimentados con una dieta extrusada durante 165 días. Un total de 2000 peces (peso inicial de 5,38 y 5,43 g para paco y gamitana respectivamente) fueron asociados en cinco densidades (T1: 4 peces/m3, T2: 6 peces/m3, T3: 8 peces/m3, T4: 9 peces/m3 y T5: 10 peces/m3), distribuidos al azar dentro de cinco estanques circulares de concreto con compartimientos de 18 m2 por tratamiento. La calidad del agua (oxígeno disuleto, pH, temperatura y transparencia) fue monitoreada periódicamente. Los tratamientos produjeron homogeneos e interesantes ganancias de peso, tasa de conversión alimenticia aparente y nivel de sobrevivencia acumulada; en tanto la evaluación de parámetros como peso promedio final, ganancia de peso diario ...
15
artículo
Ovarian follicular growth was described in alpaca weaned females maintained on native and cultivated pastures. Fifty-five alpacas of 8 months on average of age were used, divided into two groups, group 1 (cultivated pastures, n = 23) and group 2 (natural pastures, n = 33). Live weight, uterine size and follicular development using ultrasound were recorded every 15 days. At the first evaluation, 43.5% of small follicles were found in group 1 compared to 6.1 of small follicles in females of group 2. Median follicles were present in the two groups at 9 months of age in 9.1 and 30.1% respectively for groups 1 And 2. Large follicles are found in 5.5% of group 1 alpacas at an average age of 11 months and an average weight of 33.9 kg, while in group 2 it was observed that 3.0% of alpacas showed large follicles at an average age of 10.5 months and an average live weight of 28.1 kg. It is evident...
16
artículo
Ovarian follicular growth was described in alpaca weaned females maintained on native and cultivated pastures. Fifty-five alpacas of 8 months on average of age were used, divided into two groups, group 1 (cultivated pastures, n = 23) and group 2 (natural pastures, n = 33). Live weight, uterine size and follicular development using ultrasound were recorded every 15 days. At the first evaluation, 43.5% of small follicles were found in group 1 compared to 6.1 of small follicles in females of group 2. Median follicles were present in the two groups at 9 months of age in 9.1 and 30.1% respectively for groups 1 And 2. Large follicles are found in 5.5% of group 1 alpacas at an average age of 11 months and an average weight of 33.9 kg, while in group 2 it was observed that 3.0% of alpacas showed large follicles at an average age of 10.5 months and an average live weight of 28.1 kg. It is evident...
17
artículo
Ovarian follicular growth was described in alpaca weaned females maintained on native and cultivated pastures. Fifty-five alpacas of 8 months on average of age were used, divided into two groups, group 1 (cultivated pastures, n = 23) and group 2 (natural pastures, n = 33). Live weight, uterine size and follicular development using ultrasound were recorded every 15 days. At the first evaluation, 43.5% of small follicles were found in group 1 compared to 6.1 of small follicles in females of group 2. Median follicles were present in the two groups at 9 months of age in 9.1 and 30.1% respectively for groups 1 And 2. Large follicles are found in 5.5% of group 1 alpacas at an average age of 11 months and an average weight of 33.9 kg, while in group 2 it was observed that 3.0% of alpacas showed large follicles at an average age of 10.5 months and an average live weight of 28.1 kg. It is evident...
18
artículo
Se realizó una caracterización de las formas celulares encontradas en frotices vaginales de alpacas vacías, así como la caracterización del índice de maduración en diferentes estadios fisiológicos (hembras vacías, preñadas, posparto temprano, pos-cópula) y la descripción del tejido vaginal de hembras vacías y preñadas para determinar diferencias estructurales. Las diferencias del índice de maduración entre alpacas vacías y preñadas podrían ser útiles como método de diagnóstico de gestación.
19
artículo
The aim of this work was to identify and describe the arterial vessels of the pelvic member of the alpaca (Vicugna pacos). Six adult alpacas were dissected (3 females and 3 males). There were no anatomical differences between males and females. The arterial blood supply leading to the pelvic limbs mainly originates from the external iliac artery and to a lesser extent from the internal iliac artery, as described also for the canine, equine, bovine and llama. The external iliac artery is the main arterial channel that runs through the different regions of the pelvic limb, changing the name (femoral, popliteal, cranial tibial, dorsal pedal), giving off several collateral branches during its course. The superficial circumflex iliac, lateral circumflex femoral, saphenous, the proximal and distal caudal femoral arteries arose from the femoral artery as does the medial circumflex femoral arter...
20
tesis de maestría
Publicado 2009
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El proceso de criopreservación de espermatozoides es ampliamente usado en los programas de reproducción asistida y de mejora genética de diversas especies. La alpaca es una especie doméstica de importancia económica en nuestro país. Existen diversas técnicas para el manejo de esta especie con la finalidad de realizar un programa de mejora genética. En el caso de la criopreservación de espermatozoides, se ha trabajado tanto con espermatozoides de semen y de epidídimo, siendo más factible para el presente trabajo el uso de espermatozoides del epidídimo. Una característica que presentan los espermatozoides criopreservados en la mayoría de especies es una alteración a nivel de la membrana plasmática la cual conlleva a una reacción del acrosoma prematura, así como el descenso de la movilidad, provocando que el tiempo de vitalidad de estos espermatozoides sea muy reducido, to...
