For loan of specimens and tissues relevant to this study, we thank R. S. Voss and E. Westwig (AMNH), B. D. Patterson and W. Stanley (FMNH), M. S. Hafner (LSUMZ), J. L. Patton and C. Cicero (Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley), and R. J. Baker and H. Garner (Natural Science Research Laboratory, Texas Tech University, Lubbock). All molecular analyses were completed during the graduate studies of Solari at Texas Tech University, under guidance of R. J. Baker; we express our gratitude for facilitating use of the molecular lab. A. L. Gardner and D. E. Wilson (USNM) supported Solari during his visit to Washington, D.C. Support was provided by Texas Tech through a J. Knox Jones Memorial Fund (2004) and a Cash Family Endowment (2006). Solari was also supported by an Albert R. and Alma Shad le Fellowship (2005) and an ASM Fellowship (2006) from the American Society of Mammalogists. Figure 4 w...

Based on recent collections and specimen reviews, we update data on the geographical distribution of ten bat species from Peru, and include some notes on their morphology, systematic status and ecology. These records include two latitudinal extensions (Lonchophylla robusta and Thyroptera lavali), and one altitudinal extension (Anoura latidens). Two species of Cynomops, paranus and planirostris, are both present in Peru and supported by our vouchers. Some misidentifications from previous papers are corrected and presented in their current taxonomic status. The diversities of bats from Jenaro Herrera and Cocha Cashu-Pakitza are corrected to 63 and 62 species, respectively.

The aim of this study was to extract collagen from the waste produced in the processing of anchovies (canned and surimi). To this end, non-collagenous proteins was solubilized with a solution of 0,1N sodium hydroxide and neutralized with successive washes with water (pH close to neutral). Then, the residues were decalcified with a EDTA 0,5M solution; degreased with butanol 10% and finally the collagen protein were solubilized with acetic acid 0,5M and precipitated with sodium chloride 2,6M. Collagen precipitated was dialyzed and lyophilized. The hydroxyproline content (Hip) were quantified in waste and lyophilized collagen, getting the values of 6,5 and 52,9 mg of hydroxyproline/g sample, respectively. The solubility of lyophilized collagen decreased about 40% at a concentration of 12% NaCl. Gel electrophoresis showed a strong band of approximately 110 kDa molecular weight that correspon...

The Blue-headed macaw (Primolius couloni) is considered a New World endangered parrot. Blood samples were collected from 13 captive blue-headed macaws (7 male, 6 female) housed in the Las Leyendas Zoological Park in Lima, Peru to establish hematologic reference values. Mean values for erythrocytes and leukocytes were 2608 x 103/ml and 10.11 x 103/ml respectively; hematocrit was 50.15% and mean corpuscular volume was 200 fl. The differential leukocyte count showed 64.7 and 25.3% of heterophils and leukocytes respectively. The largest and smallest diameter of erythrocytes was 11.3 and 7.0 μm respectively. Baseline hematologic ranges were established and can be used as reference values for this species.

El Guacamayo de Cabeza Azul (Primolius couloni) se considera un loro del Nuevo Mundo en peligro de extinción. Para establecer rangos hematológicos de referencia, se tomaron muestras de sangre de 13 especímenes (7 machos, 6 hembras) criados en cautividad en el Zoológico del Patronato del Parque de Las Leyendas de Lima, Perú. El promedio de eritrocitos y leucocitos fue 2608 x 103/ml y de 10.11 x 103/ml, respectivamente; 50.15% de hematocrito y 200 fl de volumen corpuscular medio; asimismo, en el recuento diferencial leucocitario se observó 64.7 y 25.3% de heterófilos y leucocitos, respectivamente. El diámetro mayor y menor de los eritrocitos fue de 11.3 y 7.0 μm, respectivamente. Estos resultados podrían emplearse como valores locales de referencia para esta especie.

Based on recent collections and specimen reviews, we update data on the geographical distribution of ten bat species from Peru, and include some notes on their morphology, systematic status and ecology. These records include two latitudinal extensions (Lonchophylla robusta and Thyroptera lavali), and one altitudinal extension (Anoura latidens). Two species of Cynomops, paranus and planirostris, are both present in Peru and supported by our vouchers. Some misidentifications from previous papers are corrected and presented in their current taxonomic status. The diversities of bats from Jenaro Herrera and Cocha Cashu-Pakitza are corrected to 63 and 62 species, respectively.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue extraer el colágeno de los residuos producidos en el procesamiento de anchoveta (conservas y surimi). Para tal efecto, se solubilizaron las proteínas no colagénicas con una solución de hidróxido de sodio 0,1 N y se neutralizaron con lavados sucesivos con agua (pH cercano a neutro). Luego, los residuos fueron descalcificados con una solución de EDTA 0,5 M, desengrasados con butanol al 10% y finalmente se solubilizaron las proteínas colagénicas con ácido acético 0,5 M y se precipitaron con cloruro de sodio 2,6 M. El colágeno precipitado fue dializado y liofilizado. Se cuantificó el contenido hidroxiprolina (Hip) en los residuos y en el colágeno liofilizado, siendo los valores de 6,5 y 52,9 mg de hidroxiprolina/g de muestra, respectivamente. La solubilidad del colágeno liofilizado disminuyó alrededor de 40% a una concentración de 12% de N...

Páginas 327-339

“Joints and Problems of Property according to Hegel”. Hegel’s theory of property according to the person’s abstract law in his Philosophy of Law states (a) that property is the external objectification of free will through appropriation (common or private) of exterior things; (b) that property does not only refer to a previously given world, but also to the absolute difference between persons and things and to the proto-economic problem of the persons’ access to things through their actions; (c) that the property that is rationally necessary for the free person-hood supposes the recognition between self-consciousness (even so the notions of recognition and objective spirit be improvable constructions with a detailed analytics both philosophical and empirical); and (d) that property, without refusing the typical formalism of private law, demands the concrete universality of publ...

La teoría hegeliana de la propiedad según emerge en el derecho abstracto de la persona tal como es diseñado en la Filosofía del Derecho afirma (a) que la propiedad es la objetivación externa de la voluntad libre mediante la apropiación (común o privada) de cosas exteriores, (b) que la propiedad no solamente mienta un mundo dado ya de antemano y al cual está referido el agente de praxis, sino también la diferencia absoluta entre personas y cosas y el problema protoeconómico del acceso de aquellas a estas mediante actos, (c) que la propiedad racionalmente necesaria para la libre personalidad supone el reconocimiento entre las autoconsciencias (y esto aun cuando la noción de reconocimiento y de espíritu objetivo sean construcciones mejorables con una detalladísima analítica descriptiva tanto filosófica como empírica), y (d) que la propiedad, sin rechazar el formalismo típic...

Given the need for governments in the region to promote policies that encourage the adoption of sustainable practices by the private sector. Some of the basic works of the present have been Alizadeh, (2022), Bux et al. (2020), Costache et al. (2021) and Zou et al. (2021). The objectives were: to evaluate the sustainable practices implemented by the companies and investigate the relationship with the university educational level of the person responsible for the company, the longevity of the company, the percentage of women employees, the lack of knowledge and the lack of financial resources. To comply with these, a survey of companies in the La Plata region was carried out in November 2022, using a quantitative research approach and a binary logit model. Results highlighted increased implementation of sustainable practices in areas such as customer engagement, regulatory compliance and l...

Evaluation of resistance to antituberculosis drugs is routinely performed with genotypic or phenotypic methods; however, discordance can be seen between these different methodologies. Our objective was to identify mutations that could explain discordant results in the evaluation of susceptibility to rifampicin and isoniazid between molecular and phenotypic methods, using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Peruvian strains showing sensitive results in the GenoType MTBDRplus v2.0 test and resistant results in the proportions in the agar-plaque test for isoniazid or rifampin were selected. Discordance was confirmed by repeating both tests, and WGS was performed, using the Next Generation Sequencing methodology. Obtained sequences were aligned "through reference" (genomic mapping) using the program BWA with the algorithm "mem", using as a reference the genome of the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain....

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.

Objectives: To develop a clinical prediction rule (CPR) for the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis (PT) in patients with pleural exudates in Peru. Methods: Clinical and laboratory information was collected from patients with exudative pleural effusion attending two reference hospitals in Lima, Peru. Predictive findings associated with PT in a multiple logistic regression model were used to develop the CPR. A definite diagnosis of PT was based on a composite reference standard including bacteriological and/or histological analysis of pleural fluid and pleural biopsy specimens. Results: A total of 238 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 176 had PT. Age, sex, previous contact with a TB patient, presence of lymphadenopathy, and pleural adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels were found to be independently associated with PT. These predictive findings were used to construct a CPR, for whi...

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.

Peru is negotiating the Transpacific Partnership Agreement, a commercial treaty that could have deleterious implications for the health systems of the included partners. Transparency and Intellectual Property chapters are the most controversial elements. The first mostly because it opens the possibility for groups of interest to refuse decisions being taken by the sanitary authorities concerning the incorporation of health technologies to the public health systems. The second because it poses restrictions to the entrance of generic medical products, widening the period of data exclusivity and implementing mechanisms of opposition to their registry. Other chapters include strategies to block the states from regulating the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and processed foods. We ought to create surveillance systems to evaluate the impact of the agreement if it is signed, and generate mechan...

“Joints and Problems of Property according to Hegel”. Hegel’s theory of property according to the person’s abstract law in his Philosophy of Law states (a) that property is the external objectification of free will through appropriation (common or private) of exterior things; (b) that property does not only refer to a previously given world, but also to the absolute difference between persons and things and to the proto-economic problem of the persons’ access to things through their actions; (c) that the property that is rationally necessary for the free person-hood supposes the recognition between self-consciousness (even so the notions of recognition and objective spirit be improvable constructions with a detailed analytics both philosophical and empirical); and (d) that property, without refusing the typical formalism of private law, demands the concrete universality of publ...

Anteriores investigaciones, sugieren una incorporación por las plantas del carbono proveniente del metanol; por ello se diseñaron experimentos para determinar si su aplicación foliar afectaría el rendimiento y crecimiento en un cultivo hidropónico de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.). Se utilizó metanol a los porcentajes de 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 y 80, con un testigo sin tratamiento. Se midieron el peso fresco, longitud del tallo floral, apertura estomatal y se anotaron otras observaciones correspondientes. Hubo variaciones estacionales, probablemente debido a las diferentes tasas de crecimiento vegetativo y de almacenamiento a lo largo del año, originadas por  cambios de temperatura y luminosidad. A la cosecha, se registraron incrementos de peso radicular con las aplicaciones foliares de metanol, pero no incrementos de peso foliar. También se pudo observar aumento en la e...

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue extraer el colágeno de los residuos producidos en el procesamiento de anchoveta (conservas y surimi). Para tal efecto, se solubilizaron las proteínas no colagénicas con una solución de hidróxido de sodio 0,1 N y se neutralizaron con lavados sucesivos con agua (pH cercano a neutro). Luego, los residuos fueron descalcificados con una solución de EDTA 0,5 M, desengrasados con butanol al 10% y finalmente se solubilizaron las proteínas colagénicas con ácido acético 0,5 M y se precipitaron con cloruro de sodio 2,6 M. El colágeno precipitado fue dializado y liofilizado. Se cuantificó el contenido hidroxiprolina (Hip) en los residuos y en el colágeno liofilizado, siendo los valores de 6,5 y 52,9 mg de hidroxiprolina/g de muestra, respectivamente. La solubilidad del colágeno liofilizado disminuyó alrededor de 40% a una concentración de 12% de N...

Se estudiaron aspectos sobre la actividad proteolítica en el manto de pota o calamar gigante evaluando los efectos de pH y temperatura, asi como la adición de inhibidores de grado alimentario (albúmina de huevo y plasma de bovino) y tampones citrato-fosfato.