Controlled grain germination is a method of emerging interest to naturally improve nutritional and nutraceutical profile of grains. The aim of this study was to optimize germination temperature and time using response surface methodology to maximize the concentration of ɣ-amminobutyric acid (GABA), phenolic compounds (PC) and the antioxidant activity of kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) grains. The optimal germination temperature and time were 26 °C and 63 h, respectively, in which GABA, PC and antioxidant activity increased 29.1, 4.0 and 6.4-fold, respectively. Individual phenolic composition of kiwicha sprouts obtained in the optimal conditions was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Sprouting in the optimal germination conditions enhances mainly the concentrations of 4-O-caffeoylquinic, 4-O-feruloylquinic acids and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside. Predicted models were significant (P < 0.05) for all ...

This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO, Spain) and FEDER programme from the European Commission (grant number AGL2013–43247-R). E. P. acknowledges the MINECO and European Social Fund for her “Ramón y Cajal” grant. L. P-M. acknowledges the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONCYTEC, Perú) for fi nancial support.

The objective of this study was to optimize germination time and temperature for maximizing the content of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), total phenolic compounds (TPC), and antioxidant activity in purple corn sprouts by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The phenolic composition of purple corn sprouts obtained in the optimal conditions was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Temperature of 26 °C and time of 63 h were found to be the optimal germination conditions since they enhanced 3.5-fold GABA content compared with seeds. These conditions, however, reduced ∼30 and ∼15% TPC and antioxidant activity, respectively, in purple corn. The models developed showed high coefficients of determination, demonstrating their adequacy to explain the variations in experimental data. Sprouts obtained in the optimal conditions presented anthocyanins as the most abundant phenolic class, detected main...

Germination has been proposed as an economic approach to improve the content of bioactive compounds in pseudocereals. In this work, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the impact of germination conditions on the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of quinoa. The use of desirability methodology showed that the optimum conditions to maximise the content of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity in sprouted quinoa were 20 °C for 42 h. Sprouts produced under these conditions exhibited increases of 80% and 30% in TPC and antioxidant activity, respectively, compared to un-germinated seeds, and contained high c-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration. The nonsignificant lack-of-fit and high determination coefficients obtained confirmed the suitability of the predictive models developed for TPC and antioxidant activity, whilst the one obtained...

Beer is one of the most consumed alcoholic beverages worldwide; however, with consumers more aware of food's environmental and nutritional benefits, there is a demand for more sustainable and value-added products. Andean pseudocereals (APS) are becoming a trend as gluten-free grains with excellent nutritional and nutraceutical value. Cultivated under the extreme climate conditions of the Peruvian Andes, APS seeds are an excellent source of starch, fiber, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids with antioxidant capacity that provide potential health benefits. This review is a compilation of the information and studies on the general characteristics and potential of the main APS as quinoa, amaranth, and cañihua for beer production. In addition, current evidence of the malting process in APS and its effects on beer's nutritional, function...

Currently, the food industry prioritizes the safety and quality of products, facing the challenge of maintaining sensory and nutritional integrity. To address this challenge, emerging non-thermal technologies are being explored that offer significant advantages in improving food quality over conventional technologies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these innovative technologies can transform the traditional food processing landscape as we know it. Non-thermal technologies have the potential to reduce energy consumption for food production, processing and packaging, compared to conventional thermal treatments. Furthermore, these technologies are particularly suitable for efficiently preserving bioactive compounds present in foods. This review describes the fundamental principles, applications, advantages and limitations of emerging technologies in food pr...

This study analyzes the potential of 12 seeds from the Peruvian region as by-products of fruit processing, presenting them as a sustainable alternative for waste reduction and the valorization of bioactive compounds. It highlights their chemical composition and the role they can play in recovering bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and functional properties. The study explores the possibility of utilizing fruit by-products in various industrial sectors, such as food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries, thereby contributing to the circular economy and a more sustainable management of natural resources. The review emphasizes the importance of addressing challenges such as the presence of antinutrients and contaminants, as well as evaluating processing methods that can reduce these compounds, highlighting the need to ensure their safety for consumption and their ...

El progreso social y económico de nuestro país está directamente relacionado con el desarrollo de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. Sin embargo, las mujeres en Perú, si bien han ido incrementado su tasa de participación laboral y su matrícula en las universidades, su participación en las áreas vinculadas a CTI es muy reducida. El documento busca visibilizar la participación de la mujer en la CTI a través de los instrumentos financieros ejecutados por el Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica, y así tener insumos para la creación de políticas que permitan una mayor participación a los fondos concursables por parte de las mujeres investigadoras en Perú.

Passion fruit peel is an agro-industrial waste that with added value can be used in the food industry. The purpose of this work was the physicochemical, functional and rheological characterization of passion fruit shell flour (HCMr). Physicochemical, functional and rheological analyzes were carried out. The humidity value of HCMr was 11.25%, this is within the requirements of Peruvian standards. Protein values (5.14%) are low compared to cerelae flours. The total dietary fiber value was 63.88%. The total values of polyphenols and antioxidant activity were 504.75 mg G.A.E./100g and 1520.49 µmol ET / 100g respectively. The water retention capacity value was 12.93 ml retained water / g. The rheological values were: 702 consistency farinographic units with 14.02% humidity. With these characteristics obtained, HCMr can be used as an ingredient or food substitute and thus obtain products with...

Zea Mays L. variety purple (purple corn) is a plant native of America, which has the episperm seeds (grains) and the cobs (cob) in purple, which gives special characteristics to the pigments that have (between 1.5% and 6.0%), called anthocyanins, which belong to the group of flavonoids. Due to its high content of anthocyanins (cianin C3G-3-glucose as its main color) and phenolic compounds act as powerful natural antioxidant and anticancer, Further having functional properties due to these bioactive compounds. The purple corn also provides significant amounts of starch, about 80% (complex carbohydrate), 10% of sugars provide sweetness, up to 11% protein, up to 2% minerals and B vitamins and ascorbic acid, concentrated in endosperm (grain free envelope). Also the nutritional value, the purple corn has a rich composition of phytochemicals, which have beneficial effects on our body, such as ...

The maca is a native product of the Central Andes of Peru, it is resistant to hail, to frost and to prolonged droughts. It is cultivated from the Inca period in altitudes between 3800 - 4500 meters above sea level. This herbaceous plant, has not only a high nutritional value, but it is also valued for its medicinal role. Among the chemical components of this andean crop that have been related with therapeutic actions the increasing fertility and the energy levels, the antioxidant actions, the improving sexual desire and the growth rate. There are glucosinolates, sterols, fatty acids (macaene) and their corresponding amides (macamides), alkaloids (lepidilines A and B, macaridine) and polyphenols. This article presents a compilation of the researches that has been performed on the therapeutic properties of maca and its compounds responsible of them.

Camu camu is the fruit that has the highest content of vitamin C, which is 100 times higher than the lemon. This tropical fruit is native to the Amazon region and it is mainly distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. In its composition, it has different bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, antioxidants, vitamins and phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins and tannins that give it the characteristics of a functional food. It also has beneficial properties on the health of those who consume it, because it is considered a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial; it is also a great ally against cardiovascular diseases and for people suffering from obesity. Research shows a positive effect for the treatment of early stages of diabetes, as well as providing other benefits. This review work aimed to study the literature regarding camu-camu as ...

The maca is a native product of the Central Andes of Peru, it is resistant to hail, to frost and to prolonged droughts. It is cultivated from the Inca period in altitudes between 3800 - 4500 meters above sea level. This herbaceous plant, has not only a high nutritional value, but it is also valued for its medicinal role. Among the chemical components of this andean crop that have been related with therapeutic actions the increasing fertility and the energy levels, the antioxidant actions, the improving sexual desire and the growth rate. There are glucosinolates, sterols, fatty acids (macaene) and their corresponding amides (macamides), alkaloids (lepidilines A and B, macaridine) and polyphenols. This article presents a compilation of the researches that has been performed on the therapeutic properties of maca and its compounds responsible of them

Zea Mays L. variety purple (purple corn) is a plant native of America, which has the episperm seeds (grains) and the cobs (cob) in purple, which gives special characteristics to the pigments that have (between 1.5% and 6.0%), called anthocyanins, which belong to the group of flavonoids. Due to its high content of anthocyanins (cianin C3G-3-glucose as its main color) and phenolic compounds act as powerful natural antioxidant and anticancer, Further having functional properties due to these bioactive compounds. The purple corn also provides significant amounts of starch, about 80% (complex carbohydrate), 10% of sugars provide sweetness, up to 11% protein, up to 2% minerals and B vitamins and ascorbic acid, concentrated in endosperm (grain free envelope). Also the nutritional value, the purple corn has a rich composition of phytochemicals, which have beneficial effects on our body, such as ...

The maca is a native product of the Central Andes of Peru, it is resistant to hail, to frost and to prolonged droughts. It is cultivated from the Inca period in altitudes between 3800 - 4500 meters above sea level. This herbaceous plant, has not only a high nutritional value, but it is also valued for its medicinal role. Among the chemical components of this andean crop that have been related with therapeutic actions the increasing fertility and the energy levels, the antioxidant actions, the improving sexual desire and the growth rate. There are glucosinolates, sterols, fatty acids (macaene) and their corresponding amides (macamides), alkaloids (lepidilines A and B, macaridine) and polyphenols. This article presents a compilation of the researches that has been performed on the therapeutic properties of maca and its compounds responsible of them.

Camu camu is the fruit that has the highest content of vitamin C, which is 100 times higher than the lemon. This tropical fruit is native to the Amazon region and it is mainly distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. In its composition, it has different bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, antioxidants, vitamins and phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins and tannins that give it the characteristics of a functional food. It also has beneficial properties on the health of those who consume it, because it is considered a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial; it is also a great ally against cardiovascular diseases and for people suffering from obesity. Research shows a positive effect for the treatment of early stages of diabetes, as well as providing other benefits. This review work aimed to study the literature regarding camu-camu as ...

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is an Andean pseudocereal produced in countries such as Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and southern Colombia, with more than 3,000 varieties, distinguished by their nutritional properties and adaptation to different agro-ecological zones. Quinoa's nutritional profile stands out for its protein, carbohydrate, lipid and gluten-free content; it is rich in vitamins; and it is an excellent source of minerals, such as calcium, magnesium, iron and phosphorus. It is one of the few foods that have in its composition all the essential amino acids, standing out from other cereals such as rice or wheat. It is an excellent source of bioactive compounds, which have antioxidant, cytotoxic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. With respect to quinoa leaves, several studies have indicated that they have higher protein content than grains, as well as inorganic nutrients such ...

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is a tropical fruit appreciated for its attractiveness and nutritional value. The yellow variety (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and the purple variety (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) are the best-known species, both rich in carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and bioactive compounds. Despite their potential, passion fruit by-products, such as seeds and peel, are underutilized, despite being sources of phenolic compounds and carotenoids. The leaves are considered insignificant, yet they contain nutrients and medicinal effects beneficial to health. Nevertheless, these by-products have diverse uses and applications. In this sense, this work seeks to document research on passion fruit and its by-products, emphasizing their composition and possible uses in agroindustrial products. In addition to propose pest biocontrol strategies to preserve the quality of the c...

This review is scientific research that seeks to explore the relationship between the consumption of certain foods and the emotional state, determining the effects that these foods produce when consumed by individuals. The intake of specific foods containing certain functional properties may help enhance our emotional health. There are particular nutrients present in certain foods that play an important role in overall health, especially in brain function. The objective of this review study was to highlight double-blind studies in humans that demonstrate the effectiveness of nutrients present in foods that interact with neurotransmitters (melatonin, endorphins, serotonin, dopamine, and oxytocin), which affect people's mood and well-being. For this study, specialized journals and scientific articles published in the last five years were selected. The results show that there is a wide vari...

The oil of debittered and dehulled grains from two Andean lupins (Lupinus mutabilis) from Peru, Andenes and Común, was extracted by expeller press. The extraction yield and the proximal composition of both varieties were assessed. The oil and the cake, as well as the defatted flour from the variety with the highest extraction yield, were characterised for physico-chemical properties, total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. The oil shelf-life at 25 °C was extrapolated by Rancimat test. Andenes presented an oil yield of 22.1% (vs. 18.4% of Común), CIELAB colour coordinates of L* = 36.5, a* = 2.2, b* = 20, refractive index and density at 25 ºC of 1.469 and 0.903 g/mL, acid number of 3.2 mg KOH/g, free fatty acids content of 1.6%, peroxide number of 2.7 meqO2/kg, p-anisidine number of 1.3, unsaponificable content of 58%, total antioxidant capacity 21.4 µmol TE/g and total pol...