Mostrando 1 - 12 Resultados de 12 Para Buscar 'Martin, J.', tiempo de consulta: 0.31s Limitar resultados
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Versión revisada de un documento presentado en la Conferencia Internacional sobre Empleo y Desempleo Intelectuales, Universidad de Siena, Siena, Italia, 5-8 de diciembre de 1980. El desempleo --y, de manera más importante, el subempleo-- son problemas sociales serios en el Perú, como en la mayoría de los países del Tercer Mundo.* El desempleo y subempleo profesionales, están estrechamente asociados con la crisis, de rápido crecimiento y largo plazo, de las universidades del país. El problema en el Perú, por lo tanto, es esencialmente estructural y refleja una falta de "ajuste" entre la cantidad y las características de los graduados producidos por las universidades, por un lado, y la demanda por trabajo intelectual (profesional), en el otro. También refleja un mercado de trabajo altamente diferenciado, en donde un pequeño segmento es incapaz de hacer frente a la demanda por l...
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The main obfective of this paper is to establish a relationship between the consolidation of the Peruvian democracy and the attempts of the Belaunde regime (1980-1985) to apply programmes of economic austerity.The author therefore describes the main poticies applied by the four Ministers of Economy and Finance who where in charge of the country's economy in the period analized. Finally, the paper makes an appraisal of the increasing loss of legitimacy experienced by the Belaunde regime as a result of the social tensions associated with the immense deterioration of the living standards of the Peruvian population.
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El objetivo fue evaluar la inclusión de microorganismos eficientes (ME) en dietas para pollos parrilleros machos. Para ello, se utilizaron 125 pollos de la línea Cobb 500 de un día de edad, los cuales se distribuyeron en cinco tratamientos, cinco repeticiones y cinco pollos por repetición. Lostratamientos evaluados fueron: T1(dieta control positivo con zinc bacitracina), T2 (dieta control negativo sin zinc bacitracina y sin ME), T3 (dieta control negativo más 5 mL ME/kg de alimento), T4 (dieta control negativo más 10 mL ME/kg de alimento) y T5 (dieta control negativo más 15 mL ME/kg de alimento). Las evaluaciones estadísticas se realizaron utilizando un Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA) con contrastes ortogonales. Los análisis de varianza fueron procesados con el software estadístico Infostat/Professional v. 2018p. Los resultados indicaron que, la ganancia diaria de peso y co...
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Over time, the manufacturing industry has evolved enormously, requiring increasingly efficient processes, with reduced repair times and fewer defects. In this sense, in the case study a low efficiency in the production process was identified, given that the percentage in the plastics sector is 73%. Therefore, a more detailed analysis was carried out and it was found that high repair time and reprocessing due to defects are the main causes. Consequently, an improvement model based on 5S, TPM and SMED tools is proposed with the objective of reducing the costs of the described problem, which are equivalent to 7.45% of revenues. In addition, it seeks to reduce reprocesses due to defects by 43%, while repair time is reduced by 77%. Applying the presented model, it was obtained a decrease of the presented 5S deficiencies by 11.50%, increase of efficiency to 73.65%, improvement of machine avail...
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La enfermedad de Meniere (EM), se caracteriza por ataques fluctuantes de vértigos, hipoacusia y acúfenos. Una vez que se controlan los síntomas agudos, la rehabilitación vestibular es una alternativa de tratamiento efectiva. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 46 años con EM en la fase crónica que presenta persistencia de vértigo postural e inestabilidad de la marcha, quien fue intervenida con maniobras de reposición y rehabilitación vestibular con ejercicios de adaptación y sustitución, ejercicios de habituación del equilibrio vestibular y de control postural. Se obtuvo una respuesta favorable, con desaparición del vértigo posicional, disminución significativa de la inestabilidad y gran mejoría en su calidad de vida. No se puede llegar a conclusiones con un solo caso, sin embargo, es importante el abordaje integral en el tratamiento de pacientes con EM.
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Estimation of pathogen-specific causes of child diarrhea deaths is needed to guide vaccine development and other prevention strategies. We did a systematic review of articles published between 1990 and 2011 reporting at least one of 13 pathogens in children ,5 years of age hospitalized with diarrhea. We included 2011 rotavirus data from the Rotavirus Surveillance Network coordinated by WHO. We excluded studies conducted during diarrhea outbreaks that did not discriminate between inpatient and outpatient cases, reporting nosocomial infections, those conducted in special populations, not done with adequate methods, and rotavirus studies in countries where the rotavirus vaccine was used. Age-adjusted median proportions for each pathogen were calculated and applied to 712 000 deaths due to diarrhea in children under 5 years for 2011, assuming that those observed among children hospitalized f...
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La distribución de los alelos HLA – A -B -C DRB1 y DQB1 en la población peruana fue estudiada y comparada con aquellos alelos de otras poblaciones para proporcionar información extensa acerca del origen antropológico en ese respecto nuestra edad es consciente con el carácter mestizo de esta población.
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Background Fasciola hepatica, a globally distributed helminth, causes fasciolosis, a disease with significant health and economic impacts. Variability in triclabendazole (TCBZ) efficacy and emerging resistance are remaining challenges. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome influences host-helminth interactions and is associated with anthelmintic effects, but its association with human F. hepatica infection and TCBZ efficacy is not well understood. Methods In this study, we investigated the relationship between Fasciola hepatica infection and the gut microbiome through metagenomic shotgun sequencing of 30 infected and 60 age- and sex-matched uninfected individuals from Peru. Additionally, we performed a longitudinal analysis to evaluate microbiome dynamics in relation to TCBZ treatment response. Results and discussion Infection was associated with specific microbial taxonomic and func...
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Introduction: Soil salinization and alkalinization in the arid zones of southern Peru pose major challenges to agricultural sustainability, particularly in the olive orchards of Bella Unión, where irrigation relies on surface and groundwater of variable quality. This study aimed to assess soil quality and its spatial variability to support site-specific management in olive (Olea europaea L.) orchards. Methods: A total of 160 composite soil samples (0–30 cm) were collected from representative olive orchards and analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (ECe), organic matter (OM), available phosphorus (Pav), available potassium (Kav), texture, and calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE). The Soil Quality Index (SQIw) was calculated and combined with multivariate and geostatistical analyses to identify key soil quality indicators and characterize their spatial variability. Results: Soils showe...
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Triclabendazole (TCBZ) is the primary treatment for fascioliasis, a global foodborne zoonosis caused by Fasciola hepatica. Widespread resistance to TCBZ (TCBZ-R) in livestock and a rapid rise in resistant human infections are significant concerns. To understand the genetic basis of TCBZ-R, we sequenced the genomes of 99 TCBZ-sensitive (TCBZ-S) and 210 TCBZ-R adult flukes from 146 bovine livers in Cusco, Peru. We identify genomic regions of high differentiation (FST outliers above the 99.9th percentile) that encod genes involved in the EGFR-PI3K-mTOR-S6K pathway and microtubule function. Transcript expression differences are observed in microtubule-related genes between TCBZ-S and -R flukes, both without drug treatment and in response to treatment. Using only 30 SNPs, it is possible to differentiate between TCBZ-S and -R parasites with ≥75% accuracy. Our outlier loci are distinct from t...
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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis deaths have decreased worldwide over the past decade. We sought to evaluate the effect of HIV status on tuberculosis mortality among patients undergoing treatment for tuberculosis in Lima, Peru, a low HIV prevalence setting. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients treated for tuberculosis between 2005 and 2008 in two adjacent health regions in Lima, Peru (Lima Ciudad and Lima Este). We constructed a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate the effect of HIV status on mortality during tuberculosis treatment. Results: Of 1701 participants treated for tuberculosis, 136 (8.0 %) died during tuberculosis treatment. HIV-positive patients constituted 11.0 % of the cohort and contributed to 34.6 % of all deaths. HIV-positive patients were significantly more likely to die (25.1 vs. 5.9 %, P <...
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A medida que los países avanzan en la contabilización de los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) para la mitigación del cambio climático, se necesitan estimaciones coherentes del cambio de la biomasa neta por encima del suelo (∆AGB). Los países con capacidades limitadas de seguimiento de los bosques en los trópicos y subtrópicos se basan en las tasas de ∆AGB por defecto del IPCC 2006, que son valores por zona ecológica, por continente. Del mismo modo, la investigación sobre el cambio de la biomasa forestal a gran escala también hace uso de estas tasas. Las tasas por defecto del IPCC 2006 proceden de un puñado de estudios, no proporcionan indicaciones de incertidumbre y no distinguen entre bosques secundarios más antiguos y bosques antiguos. Como parte del Refinamiento 2019 de las Directrices del IPCC de 2006 para los Inventarios Nacionales de Gases de Efecto Invernadero, in...