This article presents a structuralist model for the peruvian economy, which seeks to capture some of its key features, such as the dependence on intermedíate and capital goods, the relative rigidity of the export and agricultural supply, the existence of parastatal input producen and the possibility of financing the production through foreign debt. The model is later used to explain the long-term restrictions to growth, as well as to criticize the economic policy of the Belaunde regime and to present the logic of the heterodox alternative and the reasons of its initial success and later disaster.​

The National Cooperative Diethylstilbestrol Adenosis (DESAD) Project has completed the major portion of its enrollment phase with the examination of more than 300 daughters of women taking synthetic non steroidal estrogens (denotes DES) during pregnancies occurring from the early 1940's to the mid 1960's. The aims of the Project were to fill urgent needs for information on the prevalence and incidence of structural and epithelial abnormalities of neoplastic changes and their complications in these women.

El autor analiza el principio de la buena fe procesal tal como fue regulado en el Código Procesal Civil brasileño de 2015, destacando su fundamento constitucional, su contenido normativo y las consecuencias jurídicas cuando este no es respetado por los sujetos del proceso, los cuales no se limitan a las partes, sino inclusive al propio juez.

El trabajo examina la naturaleza de la decisión que se pronuncia sobre un “contraderecho” (excepción sustancial) ejercitado por el demandado, llegando a la conclusión de que tanto cuando se estima como cuando se desestima, la decisión es de mérito y produce cosa juzgada material.

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Austempered ductile irons (ADI) have been extensively used in applications that require a high wear resistance. To further improve it, this work analyzes the effects of both two molding conditions and a short austempering process in the abrasion resistance and toughness of a ductile iron. To do so, the cast and heat-treated specimens were analyzed using several stages including microstructural analysis, mechanical testing and roughness measurements. The experimental results showed that both molding conditions induced the precipitation of massive carbides during solidification, yet the green sand samples had the highest amount. Furthermore, the short austempering produced a microstructure composed by refined ausferrite, with a surrounding mixture of untempered martensite and unreacted austenite. In addition, the ADI presented the best wear resistance due to its hard microstructure which f...

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Introducción: la tuberculosis es la enfermedad infecciosa más importante del ser humano por su alta incidencia mundial, constituyendo un problema de salud pública. Los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre ella han sido evaluados en estudiantes universitarios y profesionales de ciencias de la salud, pero otros han sido desatendidos. Objetivos: evaluar conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre tuberculosis en estudiantes que no pertenecen a ciencias de la salud de una universidad peruana. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, se encuestó estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú usando un cuestionario estructurado. Luego se caracterizó cada una de las secciones y buscó diferencias según las características de los alumnos mediante los modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: de 631 estudiantes, 54,7 % fueron mujeres, 66,6 % obtuvo puntaje bajo en la...

In this article, we describe the implementation of a low-cost device that registers perceptions of thermal comfort. The parameters of relative humidity (RH), temperature, thermal sensation (cold, cool, neutral, warn, hot) and clothing worn by people are collected. The design and validation of the device in an indoor environment are explained, and the calibration curves of the temperature and relative humidity sensors are obtained. The measurement results for the device from 10 people are shown. The study was carried out in the village of Imata (high Andean zone), at 4700 masl in the south of Peru. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

In the southern summer of 2017, the coastal El Niño phenomenon occurred in Peru. This type of event is recurrent in this region and due to its intensity, floods occurred in the city of Piura and in the Lower Piura Valley, due to the overflowing of the river of the same name. Scenarios like this put the structures within the riverbed at risk. In order to prevent and provide a warning system that allows timely evacuation of the areas at risk, it is necessary to know the flows that occur in the river. However, there are reasonable doubts about the reliability of the gauges in Los Ejidos Dam, located upstream of the city. This is because the basin's early warning system predicted maximum flows of 2900 m3/s on March 26, 2017, based on rainfall and flow data upstream of Los Ejidos, and finally the flow measured at the dam was 3468 m3/s. At that time the uncertainty was established as to wheth...

A series of CeαMn1-αO2 catalysts supported on g-alumina with various molar concentrations of Ce (α, from 0 to 0.90) was synthesized by coprecipitation, applying two different precipitating agents, namely, sodium hydroxide (method 1) and sodium carbonate (method 2), with the use of sodium permanganate as a redox agent for precipitation. XRD profiles of the supported samples revealed the predominant abundance of a typical fluorite crystalline structure. TPR thermograms of supported samples were displaced towards lower temperatures with increasing Mn concentration, in contrast with the bulk samples. The supported Ce-Mn samples exhibited a greater performance in n-hexane elimination than did the corresponding simple oxides. The sample Ce0.33Mn0.67O2 obtained by method 2 presented the best activity, probably due to the enrichment of Ce4+, Mn3+ and Mn4+ surface species, an excess of superfi...

The characterization of the nominal power under real operating conditions is crucial for the correct evaluation of a photovoltaic generator. Several earlier studies proposed different methods based on empirical models for the estimation of the nominal power. These methods require experimental data obtained during optimal days under clear sky conditions and are not suitable for days deviating from these optimal conditions and, thus, generating a significant amount of noise in the data. In this sense, we propose a non-parametric statistical approach to filter out this noise to reliably estimate the real nominal power in the latter conditions. The period of study was 107 days. These were divided in two categories, clear and partly cloudy sky conditions. The results show that our statistical method allows to obtain the same nominal power under partly cloudy conditions as under clear sky. Thi...

We thank Professor Santiago Mas Coma for suggestions to improve this contribution. This work was supported by grants to JRE from CONCYTEC (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog?´a-PERU), Proyecto VIGIA-USAID 2003, The International Foundation for Science contract B/2856-1, Sweden and INCAGRO-PERU /Contract 007-2003.

El artículo presenta un modelo estructuralista para la economía peruan, que busca captar algunas características especiales de la misma, tales como la dependencia de los bienes intermedios y de capital importados, la relativa rigidez de la oferta de exportaciones tradicionales y de alimentos, la existencia de empresas públicas productoras de insumos y la posibilidad de financiamiento de la pro- ducción vía deuda externa. Posteriormente, este modelo es usado para explicar las restricciones al crecimiento en el largo plazo, así como para criticar la política económica del gobierno de Belaunde y presentar la lógica de la alternativa heterodoxa y las razones de su éxito inicial y posterior desastre.

Managing stakeholders is relevant for project management, as they affect project results. Likewise, the support of a Project Management Office (PMO) improves these results. This study analyzes the positive influence of stakeholder management on project results, specifically on the likelihood of concluding projects within the predicted time and cost, together with the moderating effect of PMOs. A conceptual model was validated through logistic regression, with data collected through a survey responded by 216 experienced professionals studying in graduate programs on project management. Findings indicate that stakeholder management improves project results in terms of time and cost and confirm that PMO enhances the influence of stakeholder management on these results. As its contribution, the study reinforces stakeholder management and PMO as key elements for successful project management....

En el contexto de una contingencia, la reutilización del agua en el curtido de pieles resulta una alternativa viable para disminuir la generación de residuos peligrosos que produce esta actividad. Con el objetivo de impulsar la adopción de tecnologías más limpias y prácticas más sostenibles, este estudio propuso aplicar un proceso de curtido innovador para la obtención de cuero crust de ovino, consistente en la recuperación del agua residual proveniente del baño de cromo para reincorporarla al ciclo productivo. Para dicho fin, antes de cada curtido se cuantificó el contenido de cromo en el agua (T1: primer baño, T2: segundo baño y T3: tercer baño), lo que permitió determinar el desgaste del cromo y evaluar la viabilidad de su reutilización. Finalmente, se llevó a cabo una evaluación físico-mecánica del cuero crust obtenido tras el rebajado, analizando la fuerza de gri...

The National Cooperative Diethylstilbestrol Adenosis (DESAD) Project has completed the major portion of its enrollment phase with the examination of more than 300 daughters of women taking synthetic non steroidal estrogens (denotes DES) during pregnancies occurring from the early 1940's to the mid 1960's. The aims of the Project were to fill urgent needs for information on the prevalence and incidence of structural and epithelial abnormalities of neoplastic changes and their complications in these women.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem that, due to the clinical variability of its presentation, can be confused with cancer. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical-radiological characteristics and to describe the methodology that allowed to achieve a TB diagnosis in patients referred to the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (INEN) with a presumed diagnosis of cancer between 2014 and 2016. The study included 170 patients (52.4% men) with an average age of 41.1 years; 18% presented a history of contact with TB, and 5.9% had had the disease previously. The TB was pulmonary in 22.4% and extrapulmonary in 77.7% of patients. The most frequent symptoms were respiratory, tumor, weight loss, and neurological. The cancer diagnoses most frequently discarded were lymphoma, lung cancer, and brain cancer. The lesions that suggested a neoplasm indicated an advanced cli...

El equipo de arqueología de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina del Perú ha constatado y verificado que diversas imágenes captadas por el programa Google Earth Pro son montículos gigantescos compuestos por desechos y piedras, así como por muros curvos, que contienen, a su vez, estructuras de planta rectangular y circular revestidas con piedras (Benfer 2011a). Su particular característica es que semejan, en planta, figuras de animales. Fueron halladas en las partes bajas y medias de los valles costeros al norte de Lima, Perú, y datan desde el periodo Precerámico Tardío (3000 a.C. a 1750 a.C.) al periodo Inicial y Horizonte Temprano (1700 a.C. a 200 a.C.). Su contorno sinuoso, así como sus superficies tridimensionales y no a manera de plataformas las distinguen de otros montículos de dichos períodos que presentan, característicamente, simetría y ángulos rectos. Estos m...