La energía neumática no es utilizada con frecuencia en las industrias productoras de harina de algarrobo, es uno de los motivos por lo que se está generando un límite en el desarrollo tecnológico, el uso de la neumática beneficia al mantenimiento, prolonga la durabilidad de sus componentes, no produce peligro de explosiones, generando el bienestar ecológico. Por dicha razón, la siguiente tesis tiene por objetivo, diseñar un sistema neumático de molienda de vainas de algarrobo. El proyecto consta de la determinación de los parámetros específicos del sistema neumático, establecer los parámetros mecánicos y posteriormente determinar los cálculos de dimensionamiento que permitan la molienda de vainas de algarrobo. Para desarrollar esta tesis se emplearon previas investigaciones acerca de moliendas para posteriormente realizar un análisis técnico y entrar directamente al fu...

The aim of this study was to characterize halotolerant bacteria producing hydrolases of biotechnological interest isolated from hot springs from Tarapoto. For that, water samples were collected and plated on trypticase soy agar containing 5% sodium chloride at 37 °C for 24 h. 14 aerobic bacterial isolates were selected to show colonies of different size, colour and consistency, then morphological and physiological properties and hydrolytic capacity to tween 80, starch, gelatin, carboximetilcellulose, lactose were determined. The 14 isolates were grouped according to substrate hydrolyzation profiles in groups: I (starch), II (lactose), III (Tween 80 and gelatin) , IV (tween 80 and starch ), V (starch, gelatin, lactose), VI (tween 80, starch and gelatin) corresponding in number of bacteria 1; 1; 1; 5; 1,5; respectively. 86% (12/14) of isolates hydrolyzed more than one substrate, but none ...

The aim of this study was to characterize halotolerant bacteria producing hydrolases of biotechnological interest isolated from hot springs from Tarapoto. For that, water samples were collected and plated on trypticase soy agar containing 5% sodium chloride at 37 °C for 24 h. 14 aerobic bacterial isolates were selected to show colonies of different size, colour and consistency, then morphological and physiological properties and hydrolytic capacity to tween 80, starch, gelatin, carboximetilcellulose, lactose were determined. The 14 isolates were grouped according to substrate hydrolyzation profiles in groups: I (starch), II (lactose), III (Tween 80 and gelatin) , IV (tween 80 and starch ), V (starch, gelatin, lactose), VI (tween 80, starch and gelatin) corresponding in number of bacteria 1; 1; 1; 5; 1,5; respectively. 86% (12/14) of isolates hydrolyzed more than one substrate, but none ...

Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) are enzymes that belong to a great protein family, at the moment classified in 12 groups; that they share similar enzymatic function and structure. In agreement with the biochemical characteristics and the cellular origin, phospholipases are classified like: citosolic (cPCLA2), secretory (sPLA2) and intracellular (iPLA2). The relation structure-activity, of this protein group is a challenge for biochemists, molecular biologists, toxicologists, pharmacologists and physiologists. PLA2 has been identified in tissues of mammals, mainly in diverse snake venoms and some bacteria and plants. Numerous physiological and physiopathological functions without toxicity have been attributed to PLA2 of mammals. In oppsosite, PLA2 of venoms are toxic and induce pharmacological effects that are half-full probably by membrane receivers, diverse isoenzimas of PLA2 of venoms are inv...

The use of quinolones for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) has increased dramatically, a fact that has led to the emergence of resistant strains of pathogen. The aim of the study was to determine the profiles and molecular mechanisms of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. For this, 3 sensitive strains of E. coli uropathogenic and 58 quinolone-resistant strains were used in the antimicrobial sensitivity with the disk diffusion method for nalidixic acid (W), ciprofloxacin (Cip), levofloxacin (Lvx), norfloxacin (Nfx) and moxifloxacin (Mxf). For molecular tests were used polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragments length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing of gyr A gene. Excel, Blastn and ClustalX programs were used for data analysis. Uropathogenic E. coli strains showed two major patterns: 25,90% resisted W and 43,10% resisted WCipNorLvxMxf. ...

Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) are enzymes that belong to a great protein family, at the moment classified in 12 groups; that they share similar enzymatic function and structure. In agreement with the biochemical characteristics and the cellular origin, phospholipases are classified like: citosolic (cPCLA2), secretory (sPLA2) and intracellular (iPLA2). The relation structure-activity, of this protein group is a challenge for biochemists, molecular biologists, toxicologists, pharmacologists and physiologists. PLA2 has been identified in tissues of mammals, mainly in diverse snake venoms and some bacteria and plants. Numerous physiological and physiopathological functions without toxicity have been attributed to PLA2 of mammals. In oppsosite, PLA2 of venoms are toxic and induce pharmacological effects that are half-full probably by membrane receivers, diverse isoenzimas of PLA2 of venoms are inv...

The use of quinolones for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) has increased dramatically, a fact that has led to the emergence of resistant strains of pathogen. The aim of the study was to determine the profiles and molecular mechanisms of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. For this, 3 sensitive strains of E. coli uropathogenic and 58 quinolone-resistant strains were used in the antimicrobial sensitivity with the disk diffusion method for nalidixic acid (W), ciprofloxacin (Cip), levofloxacin (Lvx), norfloxacin (Nfx) and moxifloxacin (Mxf). For molecular tests were used polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragments length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing of gyr A gene. Excel, Blastn and ClustalX programs were used for data analysis. Uropathogenic E. coli strains showed two major patterns: 25,90% resisted W and 43,10% resisted WCipNorLvxMxf. ...

The β-galactosidases (EC3.2.1.23) are glycosyl hydrolases which mainly catalyze the hydrolysis of β-D-galactosides in various types of microorganisms, which are used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. One of the potential sources for the production of enzymes that show these characteristics are microorganisms from extreme environments, such as salt brine. In this study, was cloned and characterized the betagalactosidase gene from Bacillus sp MSP7 isolated from Pilluana saltern in San Martin, Peru, because it shown enzymatic activity of 65 U/mg dried cells, the greatest activity than other four Bacillus sp. strains isolated from same village. For this, specific primers were designed from regions of consensus amino acid sequences of the Bacillus genus from available betagaltosidase sequences in data banks. Betagalactsidase gene of Bacillus sp. MSP7 was amplified by polymerase chain re...

The β-galactosidases (EC3.2.1.23) are glycosyl hydrolases which mainly catalyze the hydrolysis of β-D-galactosides in various types of microorganisms, which are used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. One of the potential sources for the production of enzymes that show these characteristics are microorganisms from extreme environments, such as salt brine. In this study, was cloned and characterized the betagalactosidase gene from Bacillus sp MSP7 isolated from Pilluana saltern in San Martin, Peru, because it shown enzymatic activity of 65 U/mg dried cells, the greatest activity than other four Bacillus sp. strains isolated from same village. For this, specific primers were designed from regions of consensus amino acid sequences of the Bacillus genus from available betagaltosidase sequences in data banks. Betagalactsidase gene of Bacillus sp. MSP7 was amplified by polymerase chain re...

The aim of this study was to characterize moderately halophilic bacteria producing hydrolases of biotechnological interest. For that, 32 aerobic bacterial isolates were selected from salt environments such as Pilluana, Huacho, Maras, Chilca, Paracas and Ventanilla. The morphological and physiological properties and hydrolytic capacity to various substrates were determined for all isolates. Genotypic characterization was performed by amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal gene and cutting with the Hae III enzyme. The isolates 23, 2, 24, 19, 2 and 6 showed hydrolytic activity for Tween 80, olive oil, starch, casein, lactose and DNA, respectively. Isolates L3CH and L2PAR hydrolyzed the most substrates, except for lactose and DNA, in contrast isolates P2RI-17 and M17 which only hydrolyze Tween 80. Twelve genetic profiles were obtained from the restriction analysis of amplified 16S ribosoma...

The aim of this study was to characterize moderately halophilic bacteria producing hydrolases of biotechnological interest. For that, 32 aerobic bacterial isolates were selected from salt environments such as Pilluana, Huacho, Maras, Chilca, Paracas and Ventanilla. The morphological and physiological properties and hydrolytic capacity to various substrates were determined for all isolates. Genotypic characterization was performed by amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal gene and cutting with the Hae III enzyme. The isolates 23, 2, 24, 19, 2 and 6 showed hydrolytic activity for Tween 80, olive oil, starch, casein, lactose and DNA, respectively. Isolates L3CH and L2PAR hydrolyzed the most substrates, except for lactose and DNA, in contrast isolates P2RI-17 and M17 which only hydrolyze Tween 80. Twelve genetic profiles were obtained from the restriction analysis of amplified 16S ribosoma...

Variants of the genes ABCB1 and ABCC2 have been associated with an increased risk of drug-resistant epilepsy; this phenomenon, however, has been scarcely tested by means of comparisons between populations: In Latin America there have only been 3 studies. Objective: To evaluate the association between the variants C3435T of the gene ABCB1, and --24C> T of the gene ABCC2 with drug-resistant epilepsy in Peruvian patients treated at the Epilepsy Unit of a Peruvian Hospital. Material and Methods: Blood samples from 22 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and eight patients with pharmaco-responsive epilepsy were analyzed between May 2016 and June 2017. The identification of the C3435T variant of the ABCB1 gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent enzymatic digestion; the -24C>T variant of the ABCC2 gene was obtained by sequencing. Results: An allelic frequency...

In the present study, it was measured the Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and phenotypes in 89 universities students from Lima-Peru, because previous studies ha ve reported that the PON1 192 Q/R polymorphism could affect the organophosphorus and drug metabolism as well as its protective effect against to development of atherosclerosis. It has found that the mean PON1 activity in the studied population was 167.01 ± 60.84 U/L. The AA, AB Y BB phenotypes from PON1 activity shown frequencies of 0.236, 0.573 and 0.191 respectively. In the studied population PON1 activity has a unimodal distribution and there are more heterozygous individuals AB than homozygous AA or BB. The knowledge of PON1 activity and phenotypes in various populations could be useful for identifying individuals who are more prone to the organophosphorus toxicity or who ha ve a high risk to developed aterosclerosis, and to p...

In the present study, it was measured the Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and phenotypes in 89 universities students from Lima-Peru, because previous studies ha ve reported that the PON1 192 Q/R polymorphism could affect the organophosphorus and drug metabolism as well as its protective effect against to development of atherosclerosis. It has found that the mean PON1 activity in the studied population was 167.01 ± 60.84 U/L. The AA, AB Y BB phenotypes from PON1 activity shown frequencies of 0.236, 0.573 and 0.191 respectively. In the studied population PON1 activity has a unimodal distribution and there are more heterozygous individuals AB than homozygous AA or BB. The knowledge of PON1 activity and phenotypes in various populations could be useful for identifying individuals who are more prone to the organophosphorus toxicity or who ha ve a high risk to developed aterosclerosis, and to p...