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Páginas 143-157

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Páginas 101-109

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Bajo el título Piaget entre nosotros se ha reunido un conjunto de estudios acerca de temas piagetanos realizados por autores peruanos. Todos estos trabajos han sido editados especialmente para ser publicados en este volumen y reorganizados en cuatro grandes ejes temáticos, incluyendo artículos teóricos e investigaciones empíricas. Algunas de estas investigaciones han sido realizadas recientemente, otras han sido llevadas a cabo por los autores hace varios años para la obtención de algún grado académico.

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This article focuses on the fact that many children in Peru are not able to read fluently when they finish elementary school. To analyze this shortcoming it presents an overview of the Peruvian context, the education system, the multilingual and the socio-cultural background and identifies the difficult conditions in which Peruvian children grow and its consequences in child development and beginning reading. The paper discusses different aspectsof developmental psychology and puts the accent on Bronfenbrenner's theory and the developmental approach to education. It offers, also, a review of several studies on reading in Peru. Finally it emphasizes the advantages of incorporating the ecological theory and the developmental approach to education

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The purpose of this paper is to point out the correct use of psychological testing by trying to understand the individual in his current ecology. It emphasizes the importan ce of test adaptations, norms and their qualitative interpretation. The author uses research results carried out with the WISC-R, Bender, the Lima Auditory Discrimination Test, the Vocabulary Assessment Plates, the One Minute Test and the Beginning Reading Cornprehension Test. It is concluded that tests can be put to good use and not simply to describe or record differences among sociocultural groups.

Two current positions in the field of human development are presented. On the one hand, Scarr' s theory abour the effects of genotype on environment is discussed. On the other hand, the ecological theory of Bronfenbrenner, which describes human developmenr as an interaction between the developing person and his/her environment. The author discusses some aspects of both positions that need furrher study in order ro prevent negarive effects and have a better understanding of child development, in third world countries.

A dynamic approach in the diagnosis of learning disabilities (L.D.) is presented. The main goal is to describe in detail the findings of the assesment process, that will permit the planning of a remediation program whose objective is to assist the learning disabled child. The factors that are taken into consideration are: intellectual, specific abílities, school achieved and personality.

The present study had as its main objective the elaboration of norms for the population of the city of Lima, with the Domino's Test. The variables taken into consideration are age, sex and leve! of instruction. The results make evident the significative differences existing according to the level if instruction. This must be considered as a fundamental variable in the elaboration of norms in our milieu.

The author, after analyzing different aspects of the learning methods to read, reviews a number of criteria in seven books used for that purpose.

This study reports the translation and adaptation of the Boehm Test of Basic Concepts. In order to study the reliability and validity of the test, the adapted version was administered to 308 kindergarten and first grade children, of both sexes and different socioeconomic levels. The results indicate that the test has validity and re!iabilit in our milieu. In the Jast part of the paper, tables are presented with the percentage of children passing each item, as well as the percentile equiva!ents of raw scores by grade and socioeconomic level.

The authors wam on the danger of using pseudo-adaptations in intelligence testing. A reference to the Wechsler Scales and the WlSC-R is done in the first place. Secondly, sorne Spanish adaptations of the test are mentioned. Finally, a bibliographical review conceming socio-cultural studies is presented. In these studies the emphasis is on the discrepancy that exists in different ethnic groups and populations.

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Given, on the one hand, the poor results obtained by Peruvian children in the national and international reading assessments. And on the other hand, the increased investment intechnology for schools in the country, this study aimed to develop and test an online tool to improve reading comprehension. In order to do this, the reading comprehension strategies and vocabulary activities from the research-based digital environment ICON were adapted to design the platform LEO. A total of 88 fifth graders from urban middle-to-low-income private schools from Lima participated in this quasi-experimental study, which involved acontrol group and a treatment group that participated in a 12-week teacher-mediated digital intervention. All participants were administered reading and vocabulary assessments pre and post intervention. Results revealed that students who participated in the intervention achi...

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