La presente edición contiene el producto escrito de las investigaciones realizadas en el Centro de Investigaciónde Bioquímica y Nutrición (CIBN). Es la muestra que nuestro Centro a través de varias generacionescontinúa asumiendo el reto de quienes iniciaron esta trayectoria de investigación en bioquímicay nutrición en la Facultad de Medicina. Son 55 años de un trabajo permanente, sacrificado, de calidad,con la mística e identificación legada, que asimilamos de nuestros predecesores.

El doctor Alberto Guzmán Barrón, epónimo del Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, fue gestor, pionero y protagonista por muchos años de la actividad de investigación en el campo de la bioquímica y la nutrición en la Facultad de Medicina y en el Perú. No es la primera vez que en esta revista se publica una semblanza de su fructífera carrera profesional, docente y de investigador. Sin embargo, en esta oportunidad queremos mostrar una parte de su producción científica publicada en las revistas nacionales de la época, con el fin de resaltar la calidad de la misma.

OBJETIVE: To determine the antioxidant capacity of meconium in newborns from preeclamptic women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the first meconium of newborn normal pregnancy and preeclampsia (PE) was obtained slight, and twelve hours before he was taken to lyophilization, for an average of seven hours. RESULTS: A total of 60 pregnancies, human meconium was found to have high capacity to scavenge free radicals, 19.0 ± 64.5% in normal pregnancies and 24.0 ± 43.6% in the PE group, which It gives a significant difference (a <0.01). Regarding the content of glutathione, the results were 15.6 ± 3.8 pmol / g and 10.8 ± 3.2 pmol / g meconium for the normal group and preeclampsia, respectively; and, with respect to bilirubin, 26.9 ± 12.3 in the normal group and 20.1 ± 7.0 in the group with PE. CONCLUSION: The meconium seems to be a powerful antioxidant, but this capacity decreases in pregnancies c...

For aerobic organisms it is essential atmospheric oxygen use. Though, it is also known that about 2-5% of that oxygen is reduced to form free radicals (ROS) such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide molecule in addition to organic peroxides produced by propagation reactions that can damage cellular biomolecules and starting at the best apoptosis and necrosis. As part of our evolution and  adaptation to this gas toxicity we have developed a complex antioxidant defense system with endogenous components (superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, uric acid, bilirubin, lipoic acid) and exogenous (Vitamins A, C and E, as well as polyphenols) that are included in our daily diet. This paradox of oxygen throughout life leads to a state of oxidative stress and contributes to the process of senescence, however not uniform for all our body systems. In...

For aerobic organisms it is essential atmospheric oxygen use. Though, it is also known that about 2-5% of that oxygen is reduced to form free radicals (ROS) such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide molecule in addition to organic peroxides produced by propagation reactions that can damage cellular biomolecules and starting at the best apoptosis and necrosis. As part of our evolution and  adaptation to this gas toxicity we have developed a complex antioxidant defense system with endogenous components (superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, uric acid, bilirubin, lipoic acid) and exogenous (Vitamins A, C and E, as well as polyphenols) that are included in our daily diet. This paradox of oxygen throughout life leads to a state of oxidative stress and contributes to the process of senescence, however not uniform for all our body systems. In...

OBJETIVE: To determine the antioxidant capacity of meconium in newborns from preeclamptic women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the first meconium of newborn normal pregnancy and preeclampsia (PE) was obtained slight, and twelve hours before he was taken to lyophilization, for an average of seven hours. RESULTS: A total of 60 pregnancies, human meconium was found to have high capacity to scavenge free radicals, 19.0 ± 64.5% in normal pregnancies and 24.0 ± 43.6% in the PE group, which It gives a significant difference (a <0.01). Regarding the content of glutathione, the results were 15.6 ± 3.8 pmol / g and 10.8 ± 3.2 pmol / g meconium for the normal group and preeclampsia, respectively; and, with respect to bilirubin, 26.9 ± 12.3 in the normal group and 20.1 ± 7.0 in the group with PE. CONCLUSION: The meconium seems to be a powerful antioxidant, but this capacity decreases in pregnancie...

Objetivos: Evaluar la relación entre plumbemia, estrés oxidativo y alteraciones respiratorias en las policías de tránsito de las zonas más contaminadas del Centro de Lima. Métodos: Se estudió 60 muestras de sangre de policías entre 20 y 35 años trabajando por <3 y >3 años en tránsito. Se determinó  plumbemia y estrés oxidativo (EO) mediante: Glutation (GSH), glucosa -6- fosfatodeshidrogenasa (G6PDH), superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y lipoperoxidación determinado especies reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). La información de enfermedades respiratorias se obtuvo de los expendientes clínicos y aplicando una encuesta. Se firmó consentimiento informado. Resultados: La plumbemia estuvo dentro de los valores permitidos pero fue significativamente mayor en el grupo >3 años (p<0.05): 6.5 +- 2-5 ug/dL frente a 4.2 +- 3 ug/dL. También este grupo mostró incr...

Se ha estudiado los efectos de xenobióticos alimentarios: el embutido hot dog (20 % dieta) y el aditivo nitrito de sodio (5 mg/d), en hígado de ratas después de un tratamiento a corto plazo (12 semanas). Se midió como indicador del estrés oxidativo el grado de lipoperoxidación usando el método de formación del complejo malondialdehido-ácido tiobarbitúrico. El sistema de detoxificación se midió en función de las actividades de la SOD (E. C. 1.15.1.1) por el método de Misra y Fridovich modificado por Sun y Zigman y de la glutation S-transferasa (E. C. 2.5.1.18) por el método de Habig y colaboradores.

The aim of this studio was to evaluate in vitro the bulb antioxidant activity of Allium sativum var. huaralino. Tests were conducted to study the sulfur secondary metabolites, allicin and quantifying organic compounds of low molecular weight with thiol group. For oxygenated metabolites it was evaluated polyphenols and flavonoids. These assays were performed by spectrophotometry. Mineral was also quantified by atomic absorption. Assays for in vitro antioxidant activity were made ?by carbonyl formation in albumin treated with hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels in red blood cells also treated with hydrogen peroxide. The main results of sulfur and oxygenated metabolites were: a) allicin 2.8 mg / g of fresh peeled bulb, b) low molecular weight thiols µmol 0.95 cysteine (Cys)/g dry mass, c) 2.52 mg polyphenols EAG / g dry mass d) EQ 1.71 mg / g dry mass....

Coffee prepared in various ways contains phenols and flavonoids with antioxidant activity and health benefits. Peruvian coffee has little information on its antioxidant properties. The objectives were to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity in vitro and the content of total phenols and flavonoids; then compare the coffees from the valleys of Chanchamayo (Junín), Tutumbaro (Ayacucho), Oventeni (Ucayali), Jaén (Cajamarca) and Quillabamba (Cusco). Samples were prepared by 2% w/v infusion. Soluble solids were determined by refractometry and apparent density by gravimetry; total phenols with the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and flavonoids according to Zhishen. The total antioxidant capacity was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS. + and FRAP, the results are expressed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and as Ascorbic Acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AAEAC). Total phenol results we...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la actividad captadora de radicales y el efecto antioxidante del bulbo de Allium sativum variedad Huaralino mediante técnicas químicas y bioquímicas in vitro. El extracto del bulbo se preparó en agua bidestilada en concentraciones de 20 – 40 mg/mL. Los ensayos para estudiar metabolitos secundarios azufrados y sus propiedades fueron la cuantificación de alicina y compuestos orgánicos con grupo tiol; y la formación de nitrosotioles. Para los metabolitos oxigenados se evaluaron polifenoles y flavonoides. La capacidad de captar radicales libres se determinó por las técnicas de ABTS.+, DPPH, captación de radical superóxido, descomposición de peróxido de hidrógeno y FRAP; todos los ensayos fueron espectrofotométricos. También se cuantificó minerales por absorción atómica. Los ensayos para estudiar capacidad antioxidante in vitro...

Introduction: Every year, about 25 million women all over the world experience menopause. Nearly 30% of them will suffer from osteoporosis. Conventional treatments tend to have side effects. In Peru, we have Erythroxylum coca, a vegetal alternative high in calcium, fiber and polyphenols. Objectives: To test the effects of the consumption of coca leaf powder in postmenopausal women and analyze the antioxidant capacity of coca leaf powder. Design: Quantitative, quasi-experimental, pre-test post-test study. Institution: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Participants: Volunteer postmenopausal women. Methodology: Unique and self-controlled treatment of 25 volunteers who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty one completed the treatment, which consisted of the daily ingestion of 4 g of coca leaf powder mixed with ...

Maca is a Peruvian plant native to the central Andes attributed with sexual function, spermatogenesis, improve learning, memory and stress properties, which are reflective of the different colored types. However, the properties of maca are not only related to the ecotype or color, but also to its processing practices. Traditionally, maca is prepared by boiling. The objective of this study is to measure the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the black maca compared to the traditional preparation method and the maca hypoglycemic effect. The maca was divided in three groups based on the boiling time (30, 45 and 60 minutes). DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)- 6-sulfonic acid] assays where performed in each of the maca sample in order to determine the total antioxidant capacity. A group of rats induced with diabetes via a streptozotocin sho...

Introduction. The Gentianella nitida (hercampuri) is used as a hepatoprotective agent in traditional medicine. Objective. To determine the in vitro physiochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract of Gentianella nitida. Design. Observational, analytical study. Setting. Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Material. 4% (w/v) of aqueous extract of the whole plant of Gentianella nitida from Junin. Interventions. Observation and analysis of the in vitro physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity. Main outcome measures. Physicochemical properties (apparent density and soluble matter); antioxidant capacity using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP; total phenols content and flavonoids. Results. The Gentianella nitida presented an apparent density of 1,032 g/mL. With the DPPH and ABTS methods it ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the vitamin E protective effects against free radicals generation, as it is involved in atheroma plate formation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used adult Sprague-Dawley rats as experimental models during three months, arranged into four groups: 1) Control diet group; 2) Control diet plus vitamin E (500 mg/Kg of food) group; 3) cholesterol-rich diet (3%) plus vitamin E group, and 4) cholesterol-rich diet group. Lipid profile and lipid peroxidation were measured both in serum and aortic tissue. RESULTS: The cholesterol-rich diet caused a significant increase (p <0,05) in serum triglycerides, and total and LDL cholesterol levels and a significant decrease in HDL cholesterol (p <0,005) levels despite vitamin E (12 mg/day) supplementation. Group IV showed a significant increase (p <0,005) in lipid peroxidation in serum and aortic tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin E provid...

Objectives: To determine in serum and erythrocytes the yacon leaves (EAY) aqueous extract hepatoprotective effect in a model of acetaminophen poisoning in rats. Design: Experimental, cross sectional. Institution: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological material: Yacon leaves. Interventions: Five groups of female rats (n = 6) received orally for five days either saline (SF), EAY or silymarin (Sil) (50 mg/kg) and after 1 hour, SF or acetaminophen (A) 250 mg/kg, as follows: G1 (control; SF-SF), G2 (SF-A), G3 (EAY (200 mg/kg)-A), G4 (EAY (400 mg/kg)-A) and G5 (Sil-A). Main outcome measures: Aspartate amino transferase activity (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GTP); total bilirubin levels (BT), protein and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Supe...

Objetivo. Determinar la influencia del consumo de tres variedades de quinua sobre parámetros bioquímicos e histomorfometría intestinal en ratas obesas. Materiales y Métodos. Se utilizaron 42 ratas obesas Holtzman dispuestas en siete tratamientos de seis animales cada uno, que fueron alimentados durante 23 días con una de las siete dietas: una obesogénica de control y las otras conteniendo además 20% de quinua Altiplano, Pasankalla y Negra Collana procesadas por cocción o tostado. Al finalizar el periodo de alimentación se tomaron muestras de sangre para la determinación de niveles de glucosa, triglicéridos y C-HDL; posteriormente los animales fueron sacrificados y el hígado, intestino delgado (ID) y riñones fueron pesados; muestras de ID fueron extraídas para histomorfometría intestinal. Los datos se sometieron a ANOVA utilizando el GLM bajo diseño completamente aleatoriz...

Introduction: Hypertrophic scarring in the skin represents a serious global public health problem, as it physically and emotionally affects people who suffer from it. This makes it necessary to investigate new alternatives for its prevention and treatment. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of Averrhoa carambola L. (star fruit) on the skin under an animal model of hypertrophic healing. Methods: Experimental study; 10 male New Zealand breed rabbits were used, between 3 and 4 months old, with an average weight of 3 to 3.5Kg. The creation of hypertrophic scars in the ears of rabbits was induced under the model described by Morris et al. One of the groups received 1 mL of a 10% aqueous solution of the lyophilized star fruit, while the other received 1 mL of triamcinolone acetate; in both groups the application was intralesional and weekly in a month. After the treatment, un...

a hiperoxia, y su progenie sometidas a hipoxia isquemia. Diseño: Experimental. Lugar: Área de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, y Laboratorios del Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Material biológico: Rattus novegicus de la cepa Holtzman, hojas secas de Satureja brevicalyx ‘wayra muña’. Intervenciones: Tratamiento con el extracto en dos modelos: hiperoxia en ratas hembras adultas, e hipoxia en la progenie de ratas madre tratadas. Se realiza ANOVA y prueba de Tukey. Principales medidas de resultados: Actividad de superóxido dismutasa (SOD), niveles de glutatión (GSH) total y niveles de sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Resultados: En las ratas tratadas con el extracto se observó disminución significativa de TBARS y participación de...