Introduction: In the feminization process, some male transsexuals use synthetic female hormones whose safety has not been defined in genetically male persons. Objectives: To evaluate the degree of knowledge, frequency of use, type of administration, adverse effects and source of information on female hormones in male transsexual persons. Design: Qualitative and quantitative community prospective study. Place: Lima. Participants: Male transsexuals 18 years old or older who had been using female hormones for 6 months or more. Interventions: Four trained male transsexuals identified new male transsexual by the ‘snow ball’ method. Then, subjects were interviewed, underwent physical examination, and a 10 mL blood sample was obtained. Main outcome measures: Level of knowledge, quality of information received, acquisition source, and side effects of female hormones. Results: Only 11.8% of t...

Epidemiological data and clinical evidence support the thesis that pregnancy represents a metabolic challenge for some women, so that a mild subclinical hyperlipidemia becomes clinically detectable. Preeclampsia represents the most frequent medical complication in pregnancy. Maternal and perinatal mortality is high in Peru. Preeclampsia associated factors include primigravity, paternity change, previous preeclampsia or family history of preeclampsia, young or advanced maternal age, increased body mass index, multiple pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, hyperhomocysteinemia, insulin resistance. We review the associated risk factors and protective factors.

Epidemiological data and clinical evidence support the thesis that pregnancy represents a metabolic challenge for some women, so that a mild subclinical hyperlipidemia becomes clinically detectable. Preeclampsia represents the most frequent medical complication in pregnancy. Maternal and perinatal mortality is high in Peru. Preeclampsia associated factors include primigravity, paternity change, previous preeclampsia or family history of preeclampsia, young or advanced maternal age, increased body mass index, multiple pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, hyperhomocysteinemia, insulin resistance. We review the associated risk factors and protective factors.

Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by inadequate placentation,resultant ischemia and failure of several maternal organs. Preeclampsia is one of the mostserious conditions in pregnancy and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity andmortality. Various risk factors and some protective factors have been reported associated topreeclampsia. Finally, women who develop preeclampsia during pregnancy are at higher riskof future diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular complications. In this article anupdate on the epidemiology of preeclampsia is presented.Keywords: Preeclampsia, prevalence, risk factors, protective factors, complications, maternalmortality, perinatal mortality.

Ponencias y comunicaciones del Primer Encuentro Internacional de Informática y Ciencias Humanas realizado en Lima del 24 al 26 de Agosto de 1995

Background Preterm birth is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in a pressing need to identify risk factors leading to effective interventions. Limited evidence suggests potential relationships between maternal sleep or vital exhaustion and preterm birth, yet the literature is generally inconclusive. Methods We examined the relationship between maternal sleep duration and vital exhaustion in the first six months of pregnancy and spontaneous (non-medically indicated) preterm birth among 479 Peruvian women who delivered a preterm singleton infant (<37 weeks gestation) and 480 term controls who delivered a singleton infant at term (≥37 weeks gestation). Maternal nightly sleep and reports of vital exhaustion were ascertained through in-person interviews. Spontaneous preterm birth cases were further categorized as those following either spontaneous pret...

Background: Physiological changes during pregnancy are often accompanied by reduced sleep quality, sleep disruptions, and insomnia. Studies conducted among men and non-pregnant women have documented psychiatric disorders as common comorbidities of insomnia and other sleep disorders. However, no previous study has examined the association between stress-related sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders among pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 2051 pregnant women in Peru. The Spanish-language version of the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST-S) was used to assess sleep disruptions due to stressful situations. Symptoms of antepartum depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were examined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 and PTSD Checklist – Civilian Vers...

Objectives To examine the associations of Intimate partner violence (IPV) with stress-related sleep disturbance (measured using the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test [FIRST]) and poor sleep quality (measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) during early pregnancy. Methods This cross-sectional study included 634 pregnant Peruvian women. In-person interviews were conducted in early pregnancy to collect information regarding IPV history, and sleep traits. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated using logistic regression procedures. Results Lifetime IPV was associated with a 1.54-fold increased odds of stress-related sleep disturbance (95% CI: 1.08–2.17) and a 1.93-fold increased odds of poor sleep quality (95% CI: 1.33–2.81). Compared with women experiencing no IPV during lifetime, the aOR (95% CI) for stress-related sleep dis...

Background Migraine, a common chronic-intermittent disorder of idiopathic origin characterized by severe debilitating headaches and autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and placental abruption, the premature separation of the placenta, share many common pathophysiological characteristics. Moreover, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, hypercoagulation, and inflammation are common to both disorders. We assessed risk of placental abruption in relation to maternal history of migraine before and during pregnancy in Peruvian women. Methods Cases were 375 women with pregnancies complicated by placental abruption, and controls were 368 women without an abruption. During in-person interviews conducted following delivery, women were asked if they had physician-diagnosed migraine, and they were asked questions that allowed headaches and migraine to be classified according to criteria est...

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity. We assessed the relation between IPV and risk of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) among Peruvian women. The study was conducted among 479 pregnant women who delivered a preterm singleton infant (<37 weeks gestation) and 480 controls (≥37 weeks gestation). Participants’ exposure to physical and emotional violence during pregnancy was collected during in-person interviews conducted after delivery and while patients were in hospital. Odds ratios (aOR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from logistic regression models. The prevalence of any IPV during pregnancy was 52.2 % among cases and 34.6 % among controls. Compared with those reporting no exposure to IPV during pregnancy, women reporting any exposure had a 2.1-fold increased risk of PTB (95 % CI 1.59–2...

Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by inadequate placentation,resultant ischemia and failure of several maternal organs. Preeclampsia is one of the mostserious conditions in pregnancy and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity andmortality. Various risk factors and some protective factors have been reported associated topreeclampsia. Finally, women who develop preeclampsia during pregnancy are at higher riskof future diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular complications. In this article anupdate on the epidemiology of preeclampsia is presented.Keywords: Preeclampsia, prevalence, risk factors, protective factors, complications, maternalmortality, perinatal mortality.

Nuestro trabajo de investigación empieza analizando y comparando el sistema de administración de justicia por ello planteó observar las características en el proceso penal de un delito común recopilando información contenida en la norma, la doctrina y jurisprudencia. El objetivo fue, determinar las características en el proceso sobre el delito de tráfico ilícito de drogas, del expediente N° 00168–2016–0–3002–JR–PE–01, Distrito Judicial de Lima Sur – Lima, 2020. La metodología utilizada es de tipo, cuantitativo - cualitativo (mixto), de nivel exploratorio - descriptivo, y con diseño no experimental, retrospectivo y transversal. La unidad de análisis fue un expediente judicial, escogido convenientemente; en el recojo de datos empleamos las técnicas de la observación y el análisis de contenido; también usamos una tabla como instrumento de cotejo. Los resultado...

El estudio de la investigación tuvo como problema ¿Cuál es la valoración de la prueba en el delito de violencia a la mujer en el núcleo familiar -2022? Para la realización de dicha investigación nos trazamos un objetivo que fue determinar la valoración de la prueba en el delito de violencia a la mujer en el núcleo familiar, en donde la metodología de investigación se realizó de tipo descriptiva, básica, de nivel explicativa, de diseño no experimental y de un enfoque cuantitativo se realizó encuestas y cuadros estadísticos, la unidad de análisis fueron cuadros estadísticos aplicando la encuesta sobre una población finita obtenida mediante la operación del método de Cronbach se tuvo como conclusión que la declaración de la víctima no es prueba suficiente para los delitos de violencia contra la mujer y su núcleo familiar ,se determinó la valoración de la prueba en...

Objetivo: Evaluar la obesidad como factor de riesgo de preeclampsia. Diseño: Estudio caso control realizado en el Hospital Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: Después de excluir 35 pacientes, se comparó 107 mujeres preeclámpticas con 107 gestantes normotensas, pareadas para edad gestacional (±1 semana). Se correlacionó peso pregestacional con la presencia de preeclampsia usando chi-cuadrado; se empleó t de student para comparar promedios y se controló variables confusoras usando la regresión logística. Resultados: La preeclampsia estuvo asociada con una edad de 35 años o más (OR 3,0; IC 95% 1,2 a 7,9), historia de preeclampsia en el embarazo previo (OR 5,4; IC 95% 1,6 a 17,9) y obesidad (OR 6,5; 6,2 a 2,8), considerada como el tercil más alto de los parámetros índice de masa corporal (IMC), pliegue tricipital y circunferencia braquial media en el grupo control. ...

To determine the prevalence and factors associated abnormal in women in some rural and suburban communities in eight departments of Peru Pap. PROCEDURES: community-based study. Women between 18 and 67 years of 25 communities. An interview, gynecological examination and cervical cytology taking was performed using citobrush. The samples were read using the Bethesda System. Data were analyzed using SPSS 7.0. RESULTS: 725 women were included. The participants had an average of 36.8 years and a fertility rate of 5.3 children per woman. 13 (1.7%) women had cervical injury under and 12 (1.6%) lesion high grade. Two communities in the department of Ucayali and one in the department of La Libertad had the highest rates of high-grade lesion (7.0%). 11.4% and 4.0%. respectively. Women with high-grade lesion had no prior pelvic exam more frequently than women with normal Pap. Only the discovery of ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the construct validity and factor structure of the Spanish-language version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among pregnant Peruvian women. METHODS: A cohort of 642 women were interviewed at ≤ 16 weeks of gestation. During interview, we ascertained information about lifestyles, demographics, sleep characteristics, and mood symptoms. Stress induced sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms were evaluated using the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) assessment scales, respectively. Consistency indices, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, correlations, and logistic regressions were used. RESULTS: Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated a three-factor solution: sleep quality, sleep efficiency, and...

El Institute 2009 de Medicina (IOM) recomendaciones de peso gestacional se adaptan a índice de masa corporal previo al embarazo de las mujeres (IMC). Las pruebas limitadas existe en métodos para la estimación pre-embarazo índice de masa corporal de las mujeres, especialmente para las mujeres que viven en países de bajos y medianos ingresos. Utilizando los datos de recogida entre las mujeres embarazadas peruanas, se comparó la concordancia entre la percepción subjetiva de IMC antes del embarazo con el IMC medido en la visita de estudio prenatal temprana.Los datos fueron de la Embarazo resultados maternos y neonatales Estudio (Promis), una cohorte de mujeres embarazadas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal (INMP) en Lima, Perú. 2605 mujeres de 18 a 49 años (media ± desviación estándar de edad gestacional = 10,9 ± 3,3 semanas) fueron incluidos en el estudio. Auto-reporte ...

This small-scale pilot study studied the potential benefit of taking a concentrated dose of anthocyanin 300 mg once a day for 3 weeks (purple corn extract) on blood pressure among untreated Peruvian adults with mild-to-moderate hypertension. A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized crossover trial using intention-to-treat analysis was conducted on 30 healthy men and women who received care at the Dos de Mayo Hospital (Lima, Peru) between September 2010 and August 2011. The 4-phase study compared blood pressure readings on placebo and on purple corn extract. Blood pressure readings decreased from baseline levels to end of study, especially after taking a purple corn extract capsule for 3 weeks, regardless of age, gender, body mass index level, or initial average blood pressure reading. Individuals who had higher blood pressure readings at baseline showed the most marked reduction in s...

OBJETIVE: To evaluate the association between the level of knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smear (Pap) with fear, stress or embarrassment associated with this screening. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, prospective descriptive study based on community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using random cluster sampling, women in a poor community of Lima met, assessing their level of knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smears and their perception of this screening. Chi square, odds ratios, confidence intervals were 95% and used logistic regression to assess the association study. RESULTS: Of 300 women between 18 and 50 years, 20% had their last Pap over two years and 20% had never done; 57 (19%) women reported having much fear, stress or embarrassment to screening, which was associated with being a teenager (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.8 to 16.9), have five or less years of living in Lima from having llgado o...

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.