Pseudomembranous colitis is a serious digestive disease that develops in a context clinical-epidemiological quite predictable and most of the time, fatal. We present the case of a Elderly patient suffering left hip fracture, enters the hospital center and develops infection urinary, receiving broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Progressively, complications are installed respiratory, digestive and septic, being operated surgically to correct a clinical picture of intestinal obstruction, performing a sigmoidectomy. The macro and microscopic findings corresponded to a typical pseudomebranous colitis. The patient dies five days after the surgery. The entity is reviewed, with emphasis on the pathological findings, in order to make diagnoses safer and faster in future cases.   DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v18.n4.1739

La Colitis pseudomembranosa es una enfermedad digestiva grave que se desarrolla en un contexto clínico-epidemiológico bastante predecible y la mayoría de las veces, fatal. Presentamos el caso de una paciente anciana que sufre fractura de cadera izquierda, ingresa al centro hospitalario y desarrolla infección urinaria, recibiendo terapia antibiótica de amplio espectro. Progresivamente, se instalan complicaciones respiratorias, digestivas y sépticas, siendo intervenida quirúrgicamente para corregir un cuadro clínico de obstrucción intestinal, realizándosele una sigmoidectomía. Los hallazgos macro y microscópicos correspondieron a una típica Colitis pseudomebranosa. La paciente fallece cinco días después de la cirugía. Se revisa la entidad, con énfasis en los hallazgos patológicos, a efectos de realizar diagnósticos más seguros y rápidos en casos futuros.   DOI 10....

ABSTRACT Introduction: Digestive bleeding can put patients’ lives at risk, even more so when the origin is not located in routine upper and lower endoscopy. The small intestine is the largest portion of the digestive tract and being a source of bleeding means a diagnostic and therapeutic medical challenge. Clinical case: We presented cases of two female patients, 53 and 60 years old, who develop digestive bleeding, locating its origin in the small bowel and undergoing surgical removal of the affected intestinal segment. The anatomopathological study finds malformed arteries and veins that communicate without an intermediate capillary bed. The diagnosis was arteriovenous malformation, a rare entity in the small bowel. Both cases are reviewed with emphasis on the histopathological criteria and their clinical correlation. Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation, small bowel, obscure digestiv...

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma is a non-neoplastic skin lesion of the non-Langerhans histiocytosis type, which mainly affects the pediatric population and usually has a self-limited course. Exceptionally, the lesion is multifocal, ocular and even visceral, causing severe complications. We present the case of two 10-year-old female patients, with no other symptoms or important history, both with a single lesion, one on the thigh, with 3 months of evolution, the other on the scalp, with 4 months of evolution, both with progressive growth and surgically removed. The anatomopathological study identified multiple histiocytes in the dermis, with cytoplasmic lipidization and forming giant multinucleated cells, some of the Touton type, characteristic of this lesion. This unusual entity is reviewed, with emphasis on the histopathological criteria and the usual clinical course.

RESUMEN OBJETIVOS: Los pólipos gástricos son lesiones elevadas de origen epitelial cuya patogénesis e historia natural no son bien conocidas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la asociación de los pólipos gástricos con los cambios histológicos de la mucosa circundante. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y de corte transversal. De 6603 pacientes examinados con endoscopia alta en el Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins (Lima-Perú), durante el período de enero del 2002 a mayo del 2003, se detectaron 115 pólipos gástricos (1.74%), incluyéndose 68 en el estudio. Los pólipos gástricos fueron evaluados endoscópicamente, luego se extirparon y se tomaron biopsias de la mucosa circundante. El estudio histológico determinó el tipo de pólipo gástrico; y la presencia de inflamación, actividad (infiltración con polimorfonucleares), atrofia,...

Introduction: Hodgkin lymphomas are B-cell lymphoid neoplasms histologically characterized by a mixed inflammatory cellular component and few Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg neoplastic cells. Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL) represents 10% of all lymphoma cases and 85% of all Hodgkin Lymphomas. According to the current World Health Organization classification, CHL is divided into 4 types: Nodular Sclerosing (NS), Mixed Cellularity (MC), Lymphocyte-Rich (LR), and Lymphocyte-Depleted (LD). Objetive: We reviewed all cases of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma in the Pathological Anatomy Department at Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital during 2015 to 2019, in order to determine the most frequent type, the incidence according to age and gender, phenotypical characteristics and relation to Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). Materials and Methods:  We performed a retrospective descriptive case s...

Objective. To determine the frequency of infection by Helicobacter pylori (HP) and premalignant gastric lesions (PGL) in patients with non-studied dyspepsia, in a general hospitalin Lima. Material and methods. It was carried out a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The study population corresponded to outpatients referred to the Hospital EsSalud Uldarico Rocca Fernandez, Villa El Salvador, Lima, with a diagnosis of non-studied dyspepsia, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between April 2012 and March 2014. Clinical and anatomopathological characteristics were evaluated. Results. 2 790 patients were studied, average age 48,6 (SD ± 15,3) year-old, range: 14-91 year-old. We found a global frequency of HP infection in 61,3 % (95%CI: 59,5-63,1) and premalignant gastric lesions in 23,6 % (95%CI: 22-25,1). A statistically significant association was found between pa...

Objective. To determine the frequency of infection by Helicobacter pylori (HP) and premalignant gastric lesions (PGL) in patients with non-studied dyspepsia, in a general hospitalin Lima. Material and methods. It was carried out a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The study population corresponded to outpatients referred to the Hospital EsSalud Uldarico Rocca Fernandez, Villa El Salvador, Lima, with a diagnosis of non-studied dyspepsia, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between April 2012 and March 2014. Clinical and anatomopathological characteristics were evaluated. Results. 2 790 patients were studied, average age 48,6 (SD ± 15,3) year-old, range: 14-91 year-old. We found a global frequency of HP infection in 61,3 % (95%CI: 59,5-63,1) and premalignant gastric lesions in 23,6 % (95%CI: 22-25,1). A statistically significant association was found between pa...

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sarcina ventriculi is a Gram (+), anaerobic, non-motile cocci, with a fermentative carbohydrate metabolism, that survives and grows without problems in environments with acidic pH. It is a known etiological agent in veterinary pathology, however its pathogenic role in humans is controversial. In recent years, the finding of this microorganism in different anatomical places has been reported in humans with increasing frequency, predominantly in the upper digestive tract, mainly in the stomach, in patients with dyspepsia and/or delayed gastric emptying, some of these cases with serious evolution, even fatal. Clinical case: we report the case of a patient with dyspeptic symptoms, whose gastric biopsy identified Sarcina ventriculi and whose targeted pharmacological treatment ended the discomfort described. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported i...

Introducción: El coriocarcinoma gástrico primario (CGP) es una neoplasia infrecuente y altamente agresiva que representa menos de 0.1% de todos los cánceres gástricos. Esta neoplasia suele ser frecuentemente confundida con adenocarcinoma gástrico debido a que comparte características clínicas, epidemiológicas e histopatológicas similares, por lo que es importante mantener una alta sospecha de esta entidad. Reporte de caso: Se presenta un el caso de una paciente mujer de 64 años que acudió al hospital con síntomas gastrointestinales inespecíficos que incluían anemia, fatiga y llenura precoz. La biopsia endoscópica de la lesión reveló la presencia de CGP en estadio clínico IV que presentó una respuesta parcial luego de 4 ciclos de quimioterapia con el esquema EMA/EP (Etoposido 140 mg, Metotrexate 440 mg, Actinomicina D 0.5 mg/ Etoposido 220 mg, cisplatino 110 mg). Conclu...

Introduction: Primary gastric choriocarcinoma (PGC) is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm that represents less than 0.1% of all gastric cancers. This neoplasm is often confused with gastric adenocarcinoma because it shares clinical, epidemiological and histopathological characteristics, so it is important to maintain a high suspicion of this entity. Case of report: A case of a 64-year-old woman who came to the hospital with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms that arose anemia, fatigue and early fullness is presented. The endoscopic biopsy of the lesion revealed the presence of PGC in clinical stage IV that presented a partial response after 4 cycles of chemotherapy with the EMA/EP regimen (Etoposide 140 mg, Methotrexate 440 mg, Actinomycin D 0.5 mg/ Etoposide 220 mg, cisplatin 110 mg). Conclusion: To emphasize the poor prognosis of extragonadal choriocarcinomas in contrast to gona...