The genus Cinchona belongs to the Rubiaceae family and comprises native Peruvian tree species distributed in tropical areas. It is currently endangered due to human disturbance and overexploitation for medicinal, forestry and food uses. To date, the current and future distribution of Cinchona spp. under the climate change scenario is unknown. Here, we modeled the present and future spatial distribution of the genus Cinchona using bioclimatic, edaphic and topographic variables using the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt). The results indicate that 8.08% (103,547.89 km2) and 6.02% (77,163.81 km2) of the surface of Peru possesses areas with high and moderate distribution probabilities, respectively, to host the genus Cinchona, distributed mainly in the departments of Cusco, Amazonas, San Martín and Cajamarca. Furthermore, according to future climate scenarios, the areas of high suitability...

Forest fires are a potential threat to life, as they contribute to reducing forest areas, impact on the services we expect from ecosystems, the health of the inhabitants is affected by smoke and the economic costs for the recovery of affected areas is high. The objective of the study is to apply fuzzy logic to model the risk of forest fires in the Cajamarca-Peru region, incorporating variables that represent biological, topographic, socioeconomic, and meteorological factors. The analysis was based on the acquisition, editing and rasterization of the database, application of fuzzy membership functions and image fuzzification, fuzzy superposition and spatial reclassification of forest fire risk. The results obtained show that 71.68% of the area is under very low or medium forest fire risk. However, 28.32% of the study area has a high to very high fire risk, which makes the occurrence of fi...

Hemileia vastatrix is a fungus that causes coffee rust disease and, depending on the level of severity, reduces the photosynthetic capacity of the plant and of new shoots, leading to low coffee yields and even death; its symptoms are visible on the leaf. Systems based on computer algorithms have been developed to predict diseases and pests in coffee. The objective of the manuscript was to analyse the detection of rust occurrence in coffee plantations, through field determinations of climatological, agronomic and crop management variables using data mining algorithms. A systematic review of studies published from 2001 to 2021 was carried out in the Scopus, Ebsco Host and Scielo databases, considering as an inclusion criterion the works that used experimental design in data collection. The studies included in this review were 22, 64% of which came from the top two coffee-roducing countries...

The objective of the study is to estimate the Carbon Footprint of the National University of Jaen (UNJ), for the period 2021. The direct Scope 1 (fuel consumption) and indirect Scope 2 (electricity consumption) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were calculated from CO2, CH4 and N2O produced in 29 administrative offices of the university campus. The methodology used was proposed by the GHG Protocol and ISO 14064-1:2006. For fuel emission factors, the indicators established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were used, and for electrical energy: 1.56E-01 tCO2/MWh, 9.70E-06 tCH4/MWh, 1.20E-06 tN2O/MWh, and specific conversion factors established by the Ministry of the Environment (MINAM) were used. The results show that a total of 29.3937 tCO2eq were emitted, being CO2 the predominant GHG (23.1364 t). Scope 1 contributed 15,6827 tCO2eq, occupying the highest participation ...

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la vulnerabilidad socioambiental frente al deslizamiento en el sector Rampac Grande, así como promover la identificación, análisis y planteamiento de acciones para prevenir y reducir las condiciones de riesgo. El diseño de investigación fue transversal descriptivo; para su elaboración se realizó encuestas y apoyo de fichas técnicas en las viviendas, la fase de gabinete se realizó utilizando el software ArcGIS 10.8 y fotografías, generando actualización de mapas, identificación y caracterización de peligros, así como análisis de vulnerabilidad. Como resultado se determinó que existe una parte de la población, expuesta al nivel de peligro muy alto y alto frente al deslizamiento, y es vulnerable socialmente en términos de pobreza, acceso a servicios básicos, niveles de instrucción muy bajos y no ha recibido capacitaciones...

El estudio se realizó en el sector Fila Alta-Jaén-Cajamarca, con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad microbiológica del agua destinada al consumo humano mediante el recuento de coliformes totales (CT), coliformes termotolerantes (CTT) y bacterias heterotróficas (BH). Se analizaron 32 muestras, distribuidas en el sistema de abastecimiento como también de las redes de distribución de las viviendas, cumpliendo con el protocolo para la toma de muestras, preservación, conservación, transporte y recepción de agua para consumo humano-DIGESA-2015. Para la determinación de CT y CTT se empleó la metodología establecida en la Norma Técnica Peruana (NTP) sobre la calidad del agua; y para BH la técnica de incorporación (Por Plate Method). Los resultados indican un total de 31.66 % para CT, 13.59 % para CTT y 54.75 % para BH, superando los Límites Máximos Permisibles, de parámetros mic...

La enfermedad de la roya del café, se estudia desde diversos enfoques: sistemas de información geográfica y sensores remotos, cuantificación de factores (condiciones meteorológicas, propiedades de la fertilidad del suelo, propiedades de los cultivos físicos), metabolómica y génico. El objetivo de la investigación fue desarrollar un sistema de monitoreo y diagnóstico de alerta temprana para detectar la aparición de la roya en plantaciones de café en el distrito de Chirinos de la región Cajamarca. Se identificaron dos parcelas con cinco variedades de café (Caturra, Bourbon, Paches, Geisha y Catimor) en los sectores de la Capital del Distrito y Huarango Casado. El diseño del sistema de monitoreo y diagnóstico de alerta temprana tuvo en consideración tres componentes relacionados al internet de las cosas: electrónica de cinco estaciones meteorológicas, medio de transmisió...

Climate change is one of the main global challenges, addressed in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13, which seeks to "take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts". The objective of the research was to analyze scientific articles that directly relate to SDG 13 through a bibliometric analysis for the period 2015 to 2024 of the Scopus database using the search term “SDG 13” OR “Sustainable Development Goal 13”. The research identified prolific authors, articles, sources with the highest impact in the area of study, leading institutions and countries in publications along with a detailed keyword analysis. The results show that interest in the study of SDG 13 has grown significantly with a focus on areas such as mitigation and adaptation, low carbon economy and public policy. This analysis provides an overview of advances in SDG 13 research, helps...