The scientific study of stress presents serious conceptual and methodological limitations. The theory and concepts of allostasis and allostasis load allowed a new integrative framework of the concept of chronic stress, that identifies the brain as the mediator of the interactions among the central nervous system and immune system in the development of disease. We examined the negative impact of chronic stress and the perceived emotional distress on illness. Our research on the Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) serves as an illustration of psychological and neurobiological outcomes; and how this therapeutic approach facilitates the reduction of perceived emotional distress in cancer patients and their caregivers.

The scientific study of stress presents serious conceptual and methodological limitations. The theory and concepts of allostasis and allostasis load allowed a new integrative framework of the concept of chronic stress, that identifies the brain as the mediator of the interactions among the central nervous system and immune system in the development of disease. We examined the negative impact of chronic stress and the perceived emotional distress on illness. Our research on the Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) serves as an illustration of psychological and neurobiological outcomes; and how this therapeutic approach facilitates the reduction of perceived emotional distress in cancer patients and their caregivers.

El propósito de este artículo fue presentar la construcción del inventario multicultural de la depresión, estado-rasgo (Imuder).Tomando en consideración el marco teórico de Susan Folkman acerca de la coexistencia de emociones positivas y negativas en el proceso de estrés severo y depresión, se procedió a la elaboración de ítems caracterizando estados y rasgos de emociones que expresan la presencia o ausencia de depresión. En base a una muestra multicultural con participantes de diversos países latinoamericanos, se realizó el análisis factorial de componentes principales con rotaciones promax, a fin de determinar la validez de constructo y la consistencia interna del instrumento.

En el presente artículo se hace una revisión del concepto de estrés crónico desde una perspectiva psiconeuroinmunólogica. Se examina un extenso número de estudios multidisciplinarios que demuestran las interacciones entre el cerebro y los sistemas nervioso, endocrino e inmune en el desarrollo de enfermedades. Se presenta una nueva visión acerca del estrés y se hacen las distinciones correspondientes en relación con la respuesta fisiológica, emocional, comportamental y estilo de vida del individuo. Se examina el impacto negativo del estrés crónico con un énfasis especial en la enfermedad del cáncer, y finalmente se hace referencia al programa de la Terapia Cognitiva Centrada en Mindfulness (TCCM) como una forma de intervención biopsicosocial promisoria para contrarrestar los efectos nocivos del estrés crónico.

Presentamos un análisis de las limitaciones metodológicas del estudio del estrés y del concepto de homeostasis. También, se describe un nuevo modelo acerca del estrés crónico, allostasis y carga allostática, que explica las interacciones entre el cerebro y los sistemas nervioso, endocrino e inmune en las causas de enfermedades físicas y mentales. Ilustramos empíricamente, con base en nuestras investigaciones, cómo este nuevo marco metodológico de investigación científica permite la integración multidisciplinaria de las ciencias biomédicas y las ciencias del comportamiento, reflejando el gran avance científico actual observado en el campo de las neurociencias y de la psicooncología. Se examina el impacto negativo del estrés crónico en la salud del individuo, poniendo énfasis en el rol central que cumple el concepto del distrés emocional percibido. Presentamos la terap...

The article describes the importance of research on hostility and its consequences on health and the connections between emotions and immune system. We present a view of the conceptual and theoretical framework of hostility. One of the main goals of this study was to report the construct validity of the Multicultural Latin American Hostility Inventory. Responses to the items, were factored in separate principal factor analysis with promax rotations to determine the level of correspondence of factor structure in the instrument. This inventory presents with empirical evidence that demonstrates a high degree of construct validity and internal consistency as shown by its factorial structure and alpha correlations.

  DOI: 10.26439/persona2020.n023(1).4832 The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of a program of mindfulness intervention applied to cancer patients in the city of Arequipa, Peru. Participants were randomly selected for a six-week program or for the control group. We used psychometric instruments to measure stress and depression. Adherence and participations of the patients in the program demonstrate the feasibility of the program with breast cancer in Peru. Results show that, in comparison with the control group, there was significant reductions of perceived stress and depression amongst participants.

El propósito del estudio es reportar evidencias de la validez de constructo y confiabilidad de un nuevo instrumento de autorreporte para medir mindfulness y ecuanimidad en una población de habla hispana. Una lista de 26 ítems originales fue examinada por 17 expertos de España y Latinoamérica y se realizaron las modificaciones correspondientes sobre la base de sus comentarios. La lista final de 21 ítems fue administrada a una muestra de 746 estudiantes universitarios de México y Perú. Sus respuestas fueron analizadas factorialmente sobre la base del método de los mínimos cuadrados no ponderados (MCP) con rotaciones promin. Se identificaron dos factores denominados mindless y mindful con cargas factoriales que varían entre .36 y .65. Los coeficientes de confiabiliadad fueron de .78 para el primer factor y .82 para el segundo factor. La correlación interfactorial fue de -.51. Lo...

  DOI: 10.26439/persona2020.n023(1).4832 The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of a program of mindfulness intervention applied to cancer patients in the city of Arequipa, Peru. Participants were randomly selected for a six-week program or for the control group. We used psychometric instruments to measure stress and depression. Adherence and participations of the patients in the program demonstrate the feasibility of the program with breast cancer in Peru. Results show that, in comparison with the control group, there was significant reductions of perceived stress and depression amongst participants.

El propósito de este artículo fue presentar la construcción del inventario multicultural de la depresión, estado-rasgo (Imuder).Tomando en consideración el marco teórico de Susan Folkman acerca de la coexistencia de emociones positivas y negativas en el proceso de estrés severo y depresión, se procedió a la elaboración de ítems caracterizando estados y rasgos de emociones que expresan la presencia o ausencia de depresión. En base a una muestra multicultural con participantes de diversos países latinoamericanos, se realizó el análisis factorial de componentes principales con rotaciones promax, a fin de determinar la validez de constructo y la consistencia interna del instrumento.

En el presente artículo se hace una revisión del concepto de estrés crónico desde una perspectiva psiconeuroinmunólogica. Se examina un extenso número de estudios multidisciplinarios que demuestran las interacciones entre el cerebro y los sistemas nervioso, endocrino e inmune en el desarrollo de enfermedades. Se presenta una nueva visión acerca del estrés y se hacen las distinciones correspondientes en relación con la respuesta fisiológica, emocional, comportamental y estilo de vida del individuo. Se examina el impacto negativo del estrés crónico con un énfasis especial en la enfermedad del cáncer, y finalmente se hace referencia al programa de la Terapia Cognitiva Centrada en Mindfulness (TCCM) como una forma de intervención biopsicosocial promisoria para contrarrestar los efectos nocivos del estrés crónico.

Presentamos un análisis de las limitaciones metodológicas del estudio del estrés y del concepto de homeostasis. También, se describe un nuevo modelo acerca del estrés crónico, allostasis y carga allostática, que explica las interacciones entre el cerebro y los sistemas nervioso, endocrino e inmune en las causas de enfermedades físicas y mentales. Ilustramos empíricamente, con base en nuestras investigaciones, cómo este nuevo marco metodológico de investigación científica permite la integración multidisciplinaria de las ciencias biomédicas y las ciencias del comportamiento, reflejando el gran avance científico actual observado en el campo de las neurociencias y de la psicooncología. Se examina el impacto negativo del estrés crónico en la salud del individuo, poniendo énfasis en el rol central que cumple el concepto del distrés emocional percibido. Presentamos la terap...

The article describes the importance of research on hostility and its consequences on health and the connections between emotions and immune system. We present a view of the conceptual and theoretical framework of hostility. One of the main goals of this study was to report the construct validity of the Multicultural Latin American Hostility Inventory. Responses to the items, were factored in separate principal factor analysis with promax rotations to determine the level of correspondence of factor structure in the instrument. This inventory presents with empirical evidence that demonstrates a high degree of construct validity and internal consistency as shown by its factorial structure and alpha correlations.

The main purpose of this study was to verify the factorial structure of the two scales that make up the Multicultural Inventory of Expression of Anger and Hostility from a confirmatory perspective. We performed the Confirmatory Factor Analysis with a non-probability sample of 264 participants from a private university in Lima, Peru. The sampling included university students (25%), faculty members (17.8%) and administrative staff (57.2%). The reliability of the instrument was evaluated using the congeneric, tau-equivalent and parallel models for each of the six subscales of the instrument, as well as calculated based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient with confidence intervals. Results: Factor analysis performed in the present Peruvian sample identified four dimensions for the Anger Expression Scale (Anger-In, Anger-Out, Anger/Control In, and Anger/Control-Out) and two factors for the Hostil...

We, who have the good fortune to be involved in the academic career and scientific work, clearly recognize that the dissemination of research data is the foundation for the advancement of science. This type of knowledge depends essentially on the behavior and integrity of researchers that regularly report their results and data, as well as the conduct and ethical accountability of the journal's editors, as well as the publishing organizations which participate, publish and directly support the reporting of empirical information to the community of scientists and professionals in the world. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2016.v22n2.01

Background: This article presents an empirical review of the integration of mindfulness and emotional intelligence. Mindfulness is a cognitive intervention model that helps people to develop awareness of their experience in the present moment favoring emotional self-regulation. Similarly, emotional intelligence has been conceptualized as a constellation of abilities related to the perception, understanding and adequate management of emotions within and among people. Both conceptual models are associated with a good sense of well-being and personal development. State of the art: This paper reviews the preliminary scientific evidence published in psychology and education literature, and examines the mediating effects of these two constructs in the process of emotional regulation and quality of life of individuals. Conclusions: The study results indicate that the interaction of mindfulness ...

We are presenting an overview and a brief history of the growing field of Mindfulness Based Interventions. There has been a significant interest in this therapeutic model to reduce vulnerability to chronic stress and emotional distress in recent times. Mindfulness requires intentionally bringing our attention to the experiences that occur in the present moment. As the research advances in this line of inquiry, it is vital to carefully define the construct of Mindfulness and better understand its neurocognitive mechanisms of action. This review presents conceptual framework that emphasizes the central role of attentional control and sustainability mechanisms to build mindfulness skills. We also review the construct of Mindfulness and self-regulation of emotions; then describe briefly our research related to our Mindfulness Based-Stress Reduction Breast Cancer (MBSR-BC) program at the Univ...

Depression in adolescents is a multicausal phenomenon and a predictor of social problems and other disorders. Thus, it is considered a public health problem. This investigation aims to systematically review the characteristics of the scientific articles about depression in Peruvian adolescents published in Peruvian and non-Peruvian journals. The search was performed in the databases of SciELO, Latindex, Redalyc, Scopus, PubMed, and through Google, using a combination of keywords related to the construct, the sample and its origin. The unit of analysis consisted of 21 articles. The reviewed articles showed inconsistency in the reporting and bibliographic support of the research designs, sampling procedures, psychometric properties of the instruments, instruments used to assess the construct which were not evaluated in our context, and cut-off points obtained in other countries’ samples....