Remote sensing is widely used to monitor earth surfaces with the main objective of extracting information from it. Such is the case of water surface, which is one of the most affected extensions when flood events occur, and its monitoring helps in the analysis of detecting such affected areas, considering that adequately defining water surfaces is one of the biggest problems that Peruvian authorities are concerned with. In this regard, semiautomatic mapping methods improve this monitoring, but this process remains a time-consuming task and into the subjectivity of the experts.In this work, we present a new approach for segmenting water surfaces from satellite images based on the application of convolutional neural networks. First, we explore the application of a U-Net model and then a transfer knowledge-based model. Our results show that both approaches are comparable when trained using ...

The superconductor YBa2Cu3O7 compound was synthesized by the sol-gel technique. The pattern of X-ray diffraction showed that the ceramic oxide crystallized in an orthorhombic structure. The structure analysis was performed by allowing Rietveld refinement obtain network parameters, the atomic positions, occupancy of atomic sites, identify dollies and spurious secondary compound and the percentage content of the latter

YBa2Cu3(O)7-x thin film sample was studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The investigation involved aspects like crystal orientation, uniformity, secondary phases, impurities, oxygen content and defects, based on the speciftc Raman selection rules for YBa2Cu3(O)7-x and polarized Raman scattering experiments.

In April 2011 took place in the world’s first 100 years of the discovery of superconductivity. Super- conductivity has been the focus of fundamental solid state physics, applied sciences and engineering. Today it is possible to use superconducting materials in a first generation of superconducting devices and in the near future in magnetically levitated trains, superconducting wires, quantum computers, new generation mobile phones, new MRI equipment, etc. The group of superconducting ceramic oxide materials belonging to the UNMSM have studied with great interest the YBa2 Cu3 O7 superconducting material, investigating the incorporation of different cations and anions in different atomic sites in the YBa2 Cu3 O7 structure, as well as derivatives of this structure, to understand their structural, chemical and superconducting properties, then proposing new superconducting compounds. We cel...

We completed the characterization of the superconducting compound [Y1-xCax](BaSr)Cu3-y(PO4)y0zderivativesof YBa2Cu3O7, prepared in normal temperature and pressure conditions by solid state reaction,reported in our previous results. We will show the quantitative results obtained from the analysis by Rietveldmethod of the X-ray diffraction patterns and from magnetic susceptibility measurement in the superconductingregion.

We studied the normal state of the superconducting compound [Y1-xBax](BaSr)Cu3-y(PO4)y0z derivatives of YBa2Cu3O7, prepared in normal temperature and pressure conditions by magnetic susceptibility measurement in the range from 100 to 300K, where we have observed that the compounds followed the Curie-Weiss law behavior. We observed an intimate relationship among Curie-Weiss temperature, effective magnetic moment and oxygen content in the structure.

The route by chemical solution deposition to grow textured layers of oxide superconductors has received the most scientific attention over the past two decades. Texture plays a predominant role in the technological applications of superconducting layers. We crystallized a precursor solution of Y, Ba and Cu acetates onto single crystal substrates of perovskite structure by the route of chemical solution deposition and we obtained textured superconducting layers of YBa2Cu3O7. We divided our results in two parts: a) We review the epitaxial growth of YBa2Cu3O7 superconducting layers through physical and chemical methods, and b) We study mainly the epitaxial growth of YBa2Cu3O7 superconducting layers by X ray diffraction.

Driven by the demand to understand and quantify the magnetic properties of superconducting materials, the ac- and dc-magnetic susceptibility has emerged as a valuable technique in the superconductivity field; allowed us to quantify: superconducting critical temperature, Meissner and diamagnetic shielding fractions, Curie constant, Curie-Weiss temperature and effective Bohr magnetón.

In the copper oxide superconductor materials the internal charge transference between the superconducting planes of CuO2 and the charge reservoir blocks, it is a key factor that control the superconducting critical temperature. The superconducting planes of CuO2 are not planes in a strict sense, the position of the Cu(2) atom and the O(2), O(3) oxygen atoms are not lying in a same plane, the change of its positions are closely related to atomic replacements in the superconducting planes of CuO2 or in the charge reservoir blocks. Therefore, we correlates the substitutions effects in the canonical unit cell of YBa2Cu3O7 with regard to length and angle bond variation of copper and oxygen atoms with the superconducting critical temperature obtained by Rietveld refinement of x-ray diffraction patterns in polycrystalline powder samples, such as: SmBa2Cu3O7, [Y0.90,Pr0.10]Ba2Cu3O7, [Ca,La]Ba2Cu...

The new coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes an illness named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Physicists along with other scientifics are all together in a counterclock race in order to defeat this novel virus. Physics-based techniques and methods are complementing the results coming from other disciplines such as chemistry, medicine, engineering and biotechnology. Let's take a look to know what physics-based techniques and methods can do to help to fight SARS-CoV-2.

Y Ba2Cu3O7 epitaxial superconducting film is consequence of an optimum epitaxial growth process of superconducting grains. Also, the substrate's epitaxy has a direct repercussion on the lm microstructure and its physical properties. Conventional characterization techniques such as: scanning electronic microscopy, and x ray difrraction, allowed us to obtain a quick assessment of epitaxy quality through of texture quantification of the film. We present the results of texture quantification in Y Ba2Cu3O7 superconducting films.

Condensation of hydrogen atoms into solid-state (metallic) under high pressure (500 GPa) was one key experimental fact in this millennium. Triggering a race to explore the conditions necessary to produce a metallic state in metal-hydride compounds under high-pressures by using a diamond anvil cell, although some laboratories did not only obtain others compounds in metallic-state, they also achieved the superconducting state. In October 2020, carbon, sulfur and hydrogen compound became room-temperature superconductor (287,7 K) under pressure close to 267 GPa, sparking again the interest in superconducting materials, and coming back one more time the dream of the technological applications of room-temperature superconductors without cooling liquid.

Nowadays the growth of technological materials in the form of thin lms, layers, or coatings, still remains like one of the topics of greatest vitality, in both the scientic and technological environment. These technological materials already are in various applications of the dierent products that we use on our daily basis. However, how technology on coatings can help the country's productive sector?. We briey describe this hidden potential of coatings through this communication to help close the gap between the knowledge production in the academy and the work tools that the Peruvian industry sector needs to improve the quality of its nal products.

The superconductor YBa2Cu3O7 compound was synthesized by the sol-gel technique. The pattern of X-ray diffraction showed that the ceramic oxide crystallized in an orthorhombic structure. The structure analysis was performed by allowing Rietveld refinement obtain network parameters, the atomic positions, occupancy of atomic sites, identify dollies and spurious secondary compound and the percentage content of the latter

YBa2Cu3(O)7-x thin film sample was studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The investigation involved aspects like crystal orientation, uniformity, secondary phases, impurities, oxygen content and defects, based on the speciftc Raman selection rules for YBa2Cu3(O)7-x and polarized Raman scattering experiments.

In copper oxide superconductor materials the internal charge transference between the superconducting planes of CuO2 and the charge reservoir blocks, it is a key factor that controls the superconducting critical temperature. The superconducting planes of CuO2 are not planes in a strict sense, the position of the Cu(2) atom and the O(2) and O(3) oxygen atoms are not lying in a same plane, the change of its positions are closely related to atomic replacements in the superconducting planes of CuO2 or in the charge reservoir blocks. Therefore, we correlates the substitutions effects in the canonical unit cell of YBa2Cu3O7 with regard to length and angle bond variation of copper and oxygen atoms with the superconducting critical temperature obtained by Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns in polycrystalline powder samples, such as: SmBa2Cu3O7, [Y0,90,Pr0,10]Ba2Cu3O7, [Ca,La]Ba2Cu...

The physical-chemical, thermal and rheological properties of starches isolated from four commercial potato cultivars (Colparina, Huayro, Canchan and Yungay) were evaluated and characterized. The starches presented ovoid and spherical shapes, with average size from 20.08 ± 2.48 to 25.33 ± 6.54 μm and B-type granules, with amylose content from 15.49 ± 2.02 to 32.10 ± 0.14% and relative crystallinity, between 34.6 and 37.3%. The rheological properties measured using a dynamic rheometer, showed predominance storage module (G’) on the loss module (G’’) during the frequency range (0.01 - 3.20 Hz) studied, which would classify them as weak gels. The starches presented low syneresis, high clarity, pasting temperature from 65.70 ± 0.31 °C to 67.70 ± 0.23 °C, gelatinization start temperature (To); peak temperature (Tp); gelatinization final temperature (Tf) and gelatinization enthal...

The physical-chemical, thermal and rheological properties of starches isolated from four commercial potato cultivars (Colparina, Huayro, Canchan and Yungay) were evaluated and characterized. The starches presented ovoid and spherical shapes, with average size from 20.08 ± 2.48 to 25.33 ± 6.54 μm and B-type granules, with amylose content from 15.49 ± 2.02 to 32.10 ± 0.14% and relative crystallinity, between 34.6 and 37.3%. The rheological properties measured using a dynamic rheometer, showed predominance storage module (G’) on the loss module (G’’) during the frequency range (0.01 - 3.20 Hz) studied, which would classify them as weak gels. The starches presented low syneresis, high clarity, pasting temperature from 65.70 ± 0.31 °C to 67.70 ± 0.23 °C, gelatinization start temperature (To); peak temperature (Tp); gelatinization final temperature (Tf) and gelatinization enthal...

We present the experimental results of optical analysis of nanostructured ZnO thin films grown onto commercial glass by reactive sputtering. Films with 20, 50, and 100 nm in thickness were analyzed by micro-Raman and micro-photoluminescence spectroscopies. Raman and photoluminescence bands were deconvoluted with Lorentzian profiles, in order to obtain information about response of films to excitation with laser light, occurring changes in position, full width half maximum (FWHM), and area of each phonon and emission bands of ZnO, correlating them with its nanostructure nature, and packing morphology of ZnO nanocolumns.

A kinetic study of the limonite phase, FeO(OH)-nH2O, was made through X-ray diffraction and u-Raman spectroscopy. The powder oxide was obtained in the Taraco disctrict, Huancané province in the Puno Region, Peru. The goethite phase was identifed by X-ray diffraction as the main minerogical component, after an in situ heat treatment between 100 and 500ºC in an air oxidizing atmosphere and in an inert nitrogen atmosphere. The goethite phase remains stable in the temperature range from room temperature to 200ºC. Between 200ºC and 250ºC there is a phase transition, x-Fe3+O(OH)-->x-Fe2O3, i.e., the pathway from goethite phase to hematite phase, as shown the evolution of the diffraction profiles, Also, the in situ heat treatment u-Raman spectra corroborate the phase transition at 290ºC though the transformation of the characteristic bands of the goethite phase to hematite phase in the...