The biological control of pests & mites on peruvian agriculture was characterized by the intensive use of chemical pesticides. However, the decrease on yield and the emergence of resistance to pesticides have obligated to farmers to increase chemical pesticide use for plague control. This has caused environmental pollution, benefical insects death, persistence chemicals residues on fruits, acute and chronic toxicity risks, moreover an increase on production costs. The objectives of this research were to isolate and to characterize B. thuringiensis native strains, and) to evaluate entomotoxic potential against Spodoptera frugiperda. Were isolated 54 natives strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from peruvian agricultural soils. Microscopic morphology showed parasporal crystals characteristic of B. thuringiensis diversity. The strains were evaluated and confirmed with biochemistry and grow...

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeasts were grown on sweet whey deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources and mollasses as carbon source far S. cerevísíae. The fermentation parameters were: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30ºC and an aeration rate of 1.75 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactase concentration 5 gi ; (NHJ2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactase far K. marxianus and 0.46 g/g S. Cerevisae respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized & molasses a cellular concentration of 12.75 g/L & 11.52 g/L respectively at the end of the fermentation. lt was obtained acetic acid (3.5 g/L) by aerobic fermentation of brewery liquid effluent.

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 . The yeasts were grown on sweet whey crude and deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources. The optimization of fermentation parameters was obtained applying a Taguchi´s factorial design. It was established as optimal conditions: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30 °C and an aeration rate of 1.475 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactose concentration 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactose and 0.54 g/g Lactose for K. marxianus and C. pseudotropicalis respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized diluted 50%, and Cellular yield 0.405 g/g with K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Yx/s 0.38 g/g with Candida pseudotropicalis grown on sw...

It was developed a biotechnological process to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) & Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) from industrial waste water, simultaneously, it was evaluated the potential bioconversion of some yeast into Food yeast & ethanol production. It was produced a reduction of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of potatoes starchy processing industry from 22,5000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD) of COD to 1480 mg O2/ L and 26,400 mg O2/L BOD to 2100 mg O2/ L BOD with an aerobic mixed culture of Candida tropicalis BT-UNSM 124 and LIpomyces sp BT-UNMSM-145. It was produced a reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DBO) of dairy effluent diluted from 22,100 mg O2/ L COD to 1280 mg O2/ L and 17,500 mg O2 / L BOD to 1100 mg O2/ L of BOD with an aerobic culture of Kluyveromyce...

Objetivo. Determinar la resistencia de 30 accesiones de tuna (Opuntia sp.) a la Cercosporiosis (Cercospora sp), Materiales y métodos. En este estudio se realizó el aislamiento de cladodios con síntomas de la enfermedad. Hongos fitopatógenos Cercospora sp y Didymosphaeria sp. La enfermedad causada por este hongo es conocida en Perú como “Cercosporiosis” de tuna, enfermedad que causa bajos rendimientos de fruta. Se recolectó una muestra  de pencas tunas del Banco de Germoplasma de Pucaqasa del C.E Wayllapampa y se trasladaron a Huanta para inducir la inoculación natural. La investigación se realizó en los meses de noviembre del 2013 a setiembre del 2014. La unidad de muestra consistió en 03 pencas de cada accesión.  La evaluación de los cambios sintomatológicos de la enfermedad se realizó quincenalmente, durante 10 meses, registrándose los cambios morfológicos de las ...

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeasts were grown on sweet whey deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources and mollasses as carbon source far S. cerevísíae. The fermentation parameters were: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30ºC and an aeration rate of 1.75 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactase concentration 5 gi ; (NHJ2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactase far K. marxianus and 0.46 g/g S. Cerevisae respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized & molasses a cellular concentration of 12.75 g/L & 11.52 g/L respectively at the end of the fermentation. lt was obtained acetic acid (3.5 g/L) by aerobic fermentation of brewery liquid effluent.

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 . The yeasts were grown on sweet whey crude and deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources. The optimization of fermentation parameters was obtained applying a Taguchi´s factorial design. It was established as optimal conditions: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30 °C and an aeration rate of 1.475 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactose concentration 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactose and 0.54 g/g Lactose for K. marxianus and C. pseudotropicalis respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized diluted 50%, and Cellular yield 0.405 g/g with K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Yx/s 0.38 g/g with Candida pseudotropicalis grown on sw...

It was developed a biotechnological process to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) & Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) from industrial waste water, simultaneously, it was evaluated the potential bioconversion of some yeast into Food yeast & ethanol production. It was produced a reduction of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of potatoes starchy processing industry from 22,5000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD) of COD to 1480 mg O2/ L and 26,400 mg O2/L BOD to 2100 mg O2/ L BOD with an aerobic mixed culture of Candida tropicalis BT-UNSM 124 and LIpomyces sp BT-UNMSM-145. It was produced a reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DBO) of dairy effluent diluted from 22,100 mg O2/ L COD to 1280 mg O2/ L and 17,500 mg O2 / L BOD to 1100 mg O2/ L of BOD with an aerobic culture of Kluyveromyce...

The biological control of pests & mites on peruvian agriculture was characterized by the intensive use of chemical pesticides. However, the decrease on yield and the emergence of resistance to pesticides have obligated to farmers to increase chemical pesticide use for plague control. This has caused environmental pollution, benefical insects death, persistence chemicals residues on fruits, acute and chronic toxicity risks, moreover an increase on production costs. The objectives of this research were to isolate and to characterize B. thuringiensis native strains, and) to evaluate entomotoxic potential against Spodoptera frugiperda. Were isolated 54 natives strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from peruvian agricultural soils. Microscopic morphology showed parasporal crystals characteristic of B. thuringiensis diversity. The strains were evaluated and confirmed with biochemistry and grow...

Objetivo. Determinar la resistencia de 30 accesiones de tuna (Opuntia sp.) a la Cercosporiosis (Cercospora sp), Materiales y métodos. En este estudio se realizó el aislamiento de cladodios con síntomas de la enfermedad. Hongos fitopatógenos Cercospora sp y Didymosphaeria sp. La enfermedad causada por este hongo es conocida en Perú como “Cercosporiosis” de tuna, enfermedad que causa bajos rendimientos de fruta. Se recolectó una muestra  de pencas tunas del Banco de Germoplasma de Pucaqasa del C.E Wayllapampa y se trasladaron a Huanta para inducir la inoculación natural. La investigación se realizó en los meses de noviembre del 2013 a setiembre del 2014. La unidad de muestra consistió en 03 pencas de cada accesión.  La evaluación de los cambios sintomatológicos de la enfermedad se realizó quincenalmente, durante 10 meses, registrándose los cambios morfológicos de las ...

Se presenta la simulación de la evolución de los productos de fisión I-135 y Xe-135 para algunos transitorios de potencia en el reactor nuclear de 10 MW de potencia, RP-10, del Centro Nuclear de Investigaciones del Perú. Los cálculos se hicieron a un grupo de energía y sin tener en cuenta las variaciones espaciales del flujo neutrónico y concentración de los Isótopos considerados. La simulación se realizó utilizando el programa TUTSIM. Los resultados que se obtienen son que la concentración del Xe-135 en el núcleo alcanza su estado de equilibrio a las 45 horas de haber levantado el reactor a la potencia de operación; y después de 9 horas de bajar bruscamente la potencia del reactor en equilibrio de 7 a 0 MW, se alcanza la máxima concentración de dicho isótopo en el núcleo.

BACKGROUND: Adherence to TB treatment and therefore treatment success could be improved using digital adherence technology. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a medication event reminder monitor system (MERM) on treatment success and treatment adherence in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB in Perú. METHODS: This was an experimental, randomised, open-label, controlled study conducted among patients in the second phase of TB treatment. The intervention group received their medications through MERM with the support of a treatment monitor, whereas the control group used the usual strategy. Participants were followed until they completed the 54 doses of the second phase of treatment. RESULTS: The study included 53 patients in each group; four in the intervention group withdrew from the study. Treatment success was significantly more frequent in the MERM group (RR 1.15, 95%...

Se aislaron 18 cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis y 3 cepas de Bacillus sphaericus con potencial mosquitocida, de 175 muestras de aguas estancadas y suelos agrícolas de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas de colonias características, mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales típicos de B thuringiensis. Los bioensayos realizados mostraron a las cepas BT-UNMSM-112 y BT-UNMSM-118 como las de mayor capacidad entomocida frente a los primeros estadios de Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y B. sphaericus - Bs-UNMSM 107 mostró la mayor efectividad frente a Culex spp. Se determinó los niveles de susceptibilidad, en el laboratorio, de esta especie a Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis y Bacillus sphaericus, encontrándose una CL50 de 0.215 y 0.360 ìg /mL y CL90 0.236 y 0.428  ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y...

Se aislaron 18 cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis y 3 cepas de Bacillus sphaericus con potencial mosquitocida, de 175 muestras de aguas estancadas y suelos agrícolas de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas de colonias características, mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales típicos de B thuringiensis. Los bioensayos realizados mostraron a las cepas BT-UNMSM-112 y BT-UNMSM-118 como las de mayor capacidad entomocida frente a los primeros estadios de Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y B. sphaericus - Bs-UNMSM 107 mostró la mayor efectividad frente a Culex spp. Se determinó los niveles de susceptibilidad, en el laboratorio, de esta especie a Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis y Bacillus sphaericus, encontrándose una CL50 de 0.215 y 0.360 ìg /mL y CL90 0.236 y 0.428  ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y...

En el Perú, Cucurbita moschata Duchesne tiene una variedad local llamada Loche, que se propaga por esquejes y de la que se conoce muy poco sobre su reproducción sexual. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la biología floral y reproductiva del Loche de Lambayeque. En esta especie las flores femeninas poseen mayor diámetro y longitud de corola que las masculinas, sin embargo, estas últimas presentan pedicelos y sépalos más largos. La floración masculina inició antes que la femenina con la aparición de los botones florales. En la antesis, las flores femeninas iniciaron este proceso antes que las masculinas. Asimismo, durante la producción de flores en promedio se observó 10 flores masculinas por cada flor femenina. En relación al grano de polen, éste tiene una viabilidad del 98% desde la antesis, la que decae hasta un 20% al día siguiente. El número promed...