Se aislaron 18 cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis y 3 cepas de Bacillus sphaericus con potencial mosquitocida, de 175 muestras de aguas estancadas y suelos agrícolas de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas de colonias características, mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales típicos de B thuringiensis. Los bioensayos realizados mostraron a las cepas BT-UNMSM-112 y BT-UNMSM-118 como las de mayor capacidad entomocida frente a los primeros estadios de Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y B. sphaericus - Bs-UNMSM 107 mostró la mayor efectividad frente a Culex spp. Se determinó los niveles de susceptibilidad, en el laboratorio, de esta especie a Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis y Bacillus sphaericus, encontrándose una CL50 de 0.215 y 0.360 ìg /mL y CL90 0.236 y 0.428  ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y...

Se aislaron 18 cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis y 3 cepas de Bacillus sphaericus con potencial mosquitocida, de 175 muestras de aguas estancadas y suelos agrícolas de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas de colonias características, mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales típicos de B thuringiensis. Los bioensayos realizados mostraron a las cepas BT-UNMSM-112 y BT-UNMSM-118 como las de mayor capacidad entomocida frente a los primeros estadios de Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y B. sphaericus - Bs-UNMSM 107 mostró la mayor efectividad frente a Culex spp. Se determinó los niveles de susceptibilidad, en el laboratorio, de esta especie a Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis y Bacillus sphaericus, encontrándose una CL50 de 0.215 y 0.360 ìg /mL y CL90 0.236 y 0.428  ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y...

An integrated approach to the design and analisis of heat exchanger networrks (HEN) Is outlined. A case study is used, carminic acid,, to illustrate this integrated approach, to emphasize the economy of 60% energy with respect to convectional process.

This work was developed in order to implement the PINCH technology integration batch process for carminic acid. The method used consisted of the application of the concepts of bottle necks total process (OPB) together with part-time models (TAM) and time fractionated! (TSM). The drying operation is identified as the rate limiting step of the process identifying it as an OPB plant capacity. The extraction yield was 95% w / p carminic acid with an energy savings of approximately 60% of the conventional requirement.

Se esbozó un análisis de integración de energía por aproximación para el diseño y análisis de una red de transferencia de calor (HEN). Se utilizó un caso estudio, ácido carmínico, para ilustrar esta vía de integración por aproximación y resaltar el ahorro del 60% de consumo de energía con respecto al proceso convencional.

This work was developed in order to implement the PINCH technology integration batch process for carminic acid. The method used consisted of the application of the concepts of bottle necks total process (OPB) together with part-time models (TAM) and time fractionated! (TSM). The drying operation is identified as the rate limiting step of the process identifying it as an OPB plant capacity. The extraction yield was 95% w / p carminic acid with an energy savings of approximately 60% of the conventional requirement.

lt was isolated a total of 124 strains marine bacteria. The obtained results gave 70 strains (56.44%) with proteolytic activity. Five strains that presented the best halos to determinative the optimization of kinetic parameters (NaCl, pH and temperature). The genus Pseudomonas presented the best proteolytic activity with extracts of 72 hours. The phenotypic characterization of five strains, were 3 of genus Aeromonas, one Pseudomonas and one Alcaligenes.

lt was isolated a total of 124 strains marine bacteria. The obtained results gave 70 strains (56.44%) with proteolytic activity. Five strains that presented the best halos to determinative the optimization of kinetic parameters (NaCl, pH and temperature). The genus Pseudomonas presented the best proteolytic activity with extracts of 72 hours. The phenotypic characterization of five strains, were 3 of genus Aeromonas, one Pseudomonas and one Alcaligenes.

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 . The yeasts were grown on sweet whey crude and deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources. The optimization of fermentation parameters was obtained applying a Taguchi´s factorial design. It was established as optimal conditions: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30 °C and an aeration rate of 1.475 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactose concentration 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactose and 0.54 g/g Lactose for K. marxianus and C. pseudotropicalis respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized diluted 50%, and Cellular yield 0.405 g/g with K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Yx/s 0.38 g/g with Candida pseudotropicalis grown on sw...

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 . The yeasts were grown on sweet whey crude and deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources. The optimization of fermentation parameters was obtained applying a Taguchi´s factorial design. It was established as optimal conditions: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30 °C and an aeration rate of 1.475 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactose concentration 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactose and 0.54 g/g Lactose for K. marxianus and C. pseudotropicalis respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized diluted 50%, and Cellular yield 0.405 g/g with K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Yx/s 0.38 g/g with Candida pseudotropicalis grown on sw...

This paper aims to develop the thermal process integration and PINCH applying technology to the production of ethanol from sweet potato variety INIA 306 Huambachero. The first part is presented, process technology, which consisted of a first tase hydrolysis of starch. a brewing malt enzymes obtained in a maximum time of 20 minutes, followed by fermentation with yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. providing a yield of 85 to 95 liters of ethanol per ton of sweet potato and representing about economic benefit of up to 25% reduction in production costs of ethanol per liter compared with conventional alcohol as raw sugar cane molasses.

This paper aims to develop the thermal process integration and PINCH applying technology to the production of ethanol from sweet potato variety INIA 306 Huambachero. The first part is presented, process technology, which consisted of a first tase hydrolysis of starch. a brewing malt enzymes obtained in a maximum time of 20 minutes, followed by fermentation with yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. providing a yield of 85 to 95 liters of ethanol per ton of sweet potato and representing about economic benefit of up to 25% reduction in production costs of ethanol per liter compared with conventional alcohol as raw sugar cane molasses.

The goal of this research work is the design of a cleaner process for the production of fuel ethanol sweet potato. Applying the principles of conceptual design, Pinch analysis and the use of simulators chem cad and pinch cad, it is determined that the process with molecular sieves is the most effective to get ethanol from 99.5% purity with a power demand of 1400 Kj/kg of ethanol. We conclude that these results impacting positively on the economy of Peru by establishing a path of sustainable development both technically, economically, socially and environmentally.

The goal of this research work is the design of a cleaner process for the production of fuel ethanol sweet potato. Applying the principles of conceptual design, Pinch analysis and the use of simulators chem cad and pinch cad, it is determined that the process with molecular sieves is the most effective to get ethanol from 99.5% purity with a power demand of 1400 Kj/kg of ethanol. We conclude that these results impacting positively on the economy of Peru by establishing a path of sustainable development both technically, economically, socially and environmentally.

The biological control of pests & mites on peruvian agriculture was characterized by the intensive use of chemical pesticides. However, the decrease on yield and the emergence of resistance to pesticides have obligated to farmers to increase chemical pesticide use for plague control. This has caused environmental pollution, benefical insects death, persistence chemicals residues on fruits, acute and chronic toxicity risks, moreover an increase on production costs. The objectives of this research were to isolate and to characterize B. thuringiensis native strains, and) to evaluate entomotoxic potential against Spodoptera frugiperda. Were isolated 54 natives strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from peruvian agricultural soils. Microscopic morphology showed parasporal crystals characteristic of B. thuringiensis diversity. The strains were evaluated and confirmed with biochemistry and grow...

The biological control of pests & mites on peruvian agriculture was characterized by the intensive use of chemical pesticides. However, the decrease on yield and the emergence of resistance to pesticides have obligated to farmers to increase chemical pesticide use for plague control. This has caused environmental pollution, benefical insects death, persistence chemicals residues on fruits, acute and chronic toxicity risks, moreover an increase on production costs. The objectives of this research were to isolate and to characterize B. thuringiensis native strains, and) to evaluate entomotoxic potential against Spodoptera frugiperda. Were isolated 54 natives strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from peruvian agricultural soils. Microscopic morphology showed parasporal crystals characteristic of B. thuringiensis diversity. The strains were evaluated and confirmed with biochemistry and grow...