In this work we present the design of a plant to produce Carmine and Annatto from Cochineal and annatto tree, respectively. The piant will be installed in Lima and all the equípments of the process will be build from stainless steel 316 with sanitary finishing. We estimate an inversion of US$ 351 650 to produce 12,7 Kg of Carmine and 15,5 Kg of Annatto per day. The quality of the products are among the required standards by the international market. The rentability of the process is 20,45% for Carmine and 36,90% for Annatto and a payment time of 2,11 years.

This paper aims to develop the thermal process integration and PINCH applying technology to the production of ethanol from sweet potato variety INIA 306 Huambachero. The first part is presented, process technology, which consisted of a first tase hydrolysis of starch. a brewing malt enzymes obtained in a maximum time of 20 minutes, followed by fermentation with yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. providing a yield of 85 to 95 liters of ethanol per ton of sweet potato and representing about economic benefit of up to 25% reduction in production costs of ethanol per liter compared with conventional alcohol as raw sugar cane molasses.

The volumetrlc oxygen transfer coefficient, kLa, has been determined experimentally in a batch operating bioreactor at 30ºC. It was found that it is dlrectly proportional to the degree of aereation and the agitation, whlie it is inversely proportional to the viscosity. This behavior is in accord with other correlations found in the literature [3, 7]. The gas eliminatlon method may be applied to systems with or without presence of microorganisms. As a result the only required data are the concentrations of dissolved oxygen as a function of time.

A packed-bed bioreactor was designed with immobilized cells on a ceramic inert support (instalox seats). The design equatlons, considering an ideal plug-flow tubular bloreactor, were solved with appropiate algorithms installed in Mathcad 7P, obtaining a volume of 10L for the appropiate desing restrictions. It was determinad that for small bioreactors it is not necessary to consider the pattern of axial disperslon and that the isothermic operation is possible for the hlgh degree of retromixing of coolant in the jacket.

An integrated approach to the design and analisis of heat exchanger networrks (HEN) Is outlined. A case study is used, carminic acid,, to illustrate this integrated approach, to emphasize the economy of 60% energy with respect to convectional process.

This work was developed in order to implement the PINCH technology integration batch process for carminic acid. The method used consisted of the application of the concepts of bottle necks total process (OPB) together with part-time models (TAM) and time fractionated! (TSM). The drying operation is identified as the rate limiting step of the process identifying it as an OPB plant capacity. The extraction yield was 95% w / p carminic acid with an energy savings of approximately 60% of the conventional requirement.

In this work we present the design of a plant to produce Carmine and Annatto from Cochineal and annatto tree, respectively. The piant will be installed in Lima and all the equípments of the process will be build from stainless steel 316 with sanitary finishing. We estimate an inversion of US$ 351 650 to produce 12,7 Kg of Carmine and 15,5 Kg of Annatto per day. The quality of the products are among the required standards by the international market. The rentability of the process is 20,45% for Carmine and 36,90% for Annatto and a payment time of 2,11 years.

This paper aims to develop the thermal process integration and PINCH applying technology to the production of ethanol from sweet potato variety INIA 306 Huambachero. The first part is presented, process technology, which consisted of a first tase hydrolysis of starch. a brewing malt enzymes obtained in a maximum time of 20 minutes, followed by fermentation with yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. providing a yield of 85 to 95 liters of ethanol per ton of sweet potato and representing about economic benefit of up to 25% reduction in production costs of ethanol per liter compared with conventional alcohol as raw sugar cane molasses.

The volumetrlc oxygen transfer coefficient, kLa, has been determined experimentally in a batch operating bioreactor at 30ºC. It was found that it is dlrectly proportional to the degree of aereation and the agitation, whlie it is inversely proportional to the viscosity. This behavior is in accord with other correlations found in the literature [3, 7]. The gas eliminatlon method may be applied to systems with or without presence of microorganisms. As a result the only required data are the concentrations of dissolved oxygen as a function of time.

A packed-bed bioreactor was designed with immobilized cells on a ceramic inert support (instalox seats). The design equatlons, considering an ideal plug-flow tubular bloreactor, were solved with appropiate algorithms installed in Mathcad 7P, obtaining a volume of 10L for the appropiate desing restrictions. It was determinad that for small bioreactors it is not necessary to consider the pattern of axial disperslon and that the isothermic operation is possible for the hlgh degree of retromixing of coolant in the jacket.

Se esbozó un análisis de integración de energía por aproximación para el diseño y análisis de una red de transferencia de calor (HEN). Se utilizó un caso estudio, ácido carmínico, para ilustrar esta vía de integración por aproximación y resaltar el ahorro del 60% de consumo de energía con respecto al proceso convencional.

This work was developed in order to implement the PINCH technology integration batch process for carminic acid. The method used consisted of the application of the concepts of bottle necks total process (OPB) together with part-time models (TAM) and time fractionated! (TSM). The drying operation is identified as the rate limiting step of the process identifying it as an OPB plant capacity. The extraction yield was 95% w / p carminic acid with an energy savings of approximately 60% of the conventional requirement.

The goal of this research work is the design of a cleaner process for the production of fuel ethanol sweet potato. Applying the principles of conceptual design, Pinch analysis and the use of simulators chem cad and pinch cad, it is determined that the process with molecular sieves is the most effective to get ethanol from 99.5% purity with a power demand of 1400 Kj/kg of ethanol. We conclude that these results impacting positively on the economy of Peru by establishing a path of sustainable development both technically, economically, socially and environmentally.

The goal of this research work is the design of a cleaner process for the production of fuel ethanol sweet potato. Applying the principles of conceptual design, Pinch analysis and the use of simulators chem cad and pinch cad, it is determined that the process with molecular sieves is the most effective to get ethanol from 99.5% purity with a power demand of 1400 Kj/kg of ethanol. We conclude that these results impacting positively on the economy of Peru by establishing a path of sustainable development both technically, economically, socially and environmentally.