This study aimed to determine the clinical signs and pathological findings caused for Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and Escherichia coli in White Leghorn layers under controlled conditions. A total of 80 replacement hens of five weeks were selected. Before starting the experiment, microbiological tests were conducted in 16 chicks to verify if they were exposed to pathogens. The remaining 64 chicks were distributed in four equal groups (n=16). On day 1 of the experiment G1 and G2 were inoculated via intranasal with 0.6 x 107 UFC/ml of O. rhinotracheale and G3 and G4 (negative control) received brain heart infusion broth. Forty eight hours later, G2 and G3 were inoculated via intranasal with 0.6 x 107 UFC of E. coli. Four chicks per group were slaughtered on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 after inoculation and samples were collected from paranasal sinuses, trachea, lung, air sacs and liver for op...

The chronic respiratory disease (CRD) is considered as an infectocontagious disease of multiple etiology that causes great economic losses in poultry farming. The clinical signs and lesions in affected animals can be severe when mixed infections occur. In Cuba this respiratory complex is evident; however, it is not known how the hemathological values vary in affected fowls. The objective of this study was to determine the hemathological values and anatomopathological lesions in CRD affected White Leghorn hens. A total of 34 hens of 32 weeks of age were sampled in an affected flock (17 affected and 17 healthy) and was conducted the clinical evaluation, necropsy, isolation and identification of bacteria and hematological analysis. The frequencies of microorganisms and lesions present, as well as means of hematological variables between ill and healthy birds were compared. The presence of O...

The aim of this study was to describe the morphopathological changes in proventriculus of wild ducks (Anas discors) infested with Tetrameres americana. Necropsy to 89 cadavers of adult ducks from Pinar del Río, Cuba, was performed. Samples of 1 cm2 from 22 proventriculi diagnosed with parasitic proventriculitis were taken for the histopathological study. All proventriculi ducts were collected for parasitological analysis and the lesions were classified as mild and severe according to the amount of glands affected with the nematode and the magnitude of catarrhal exudate. The results showed that 25% (22/89) of the ducks had proventriculitis caused by T. americana where 73% of the cases was considered as mild. Mucosal erosion, degeneration with necrosis and formation of nodules of 1 cm of diameter in the glandular yolk were observed. It is concluded that infestation with T. americana cause...

This study aimed to determine the clinical signs and pathological findings caused for Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and Escherichia coli in White Leghorn layers under controlled conditions. A total of 80 replacement hens of five weeks were selected. Before starting the experiment, microbiological tests were conducted in 16 chicks to verify if they were exposed to pathogens. The remaining 64 chicks were distributed in four equal groups (n=16). On day 1 of the experiment G1 and G2 were inoculated via intranasal with 0.6 x 107 UFC/ml of O. rhinotracheale and G3 and G4 (negative control) received brain heart infusion broth. Forty eight hours later, G2 and G3 were inoculated via intranasal with 0.6 x 107 UFC of E. coli. Four chicks per group were slaughtered on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 after inoculation and samples were collected from paranasal sinuses, trachea, lung, air sacs and liver for op...

La enfermedad respiratoria crónica (ERC) es considerada como una de las enfermedades infectocontagiosas de etiología múltiple que ocasiona grandes pérdidas económicas en la avicultura. Las manifestaciones clínicas y lesiones pueden ser muy severas cuando ocurren infecciones mixtas. Este complejo respiratorio ha estado presente en Cuba; sin embargo, no se conoce cómo varían los valores hematológicos en aves afectadas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los valores hematológicos y las lesiones anatomopatológicas en gallinas White Leghorn afectadas por la ERC. Se muestrearon 34 animales de 32 semanas de edad dentro de un foco activo (17 afectados y 17 clínicamente sanos) para la exploración clínica, necropsia, aislamiento e identificación de bacterias, y evaluación hematológica. Se compararon frecuencias de microorganismos y lesiones presentes, así como las me...

El estudio tuvo como objetivo describir los cambios morfopatológicos en proventrículo de patos silvestres (Anas discors) infestados con Tetrameres americana. Se realizó la necropsia a 89 cadáveres de patos adultos procedentes de Pinar del Río, Cuba, y se tomó un fragmento de 1 cm2 de 22 proventrículos con diagnóstico clínico de proventriculitis parasitaria para el estudio histopatológico. Los órganos se colectaron para su análisis parasitológico, clasificando las proventriculitis en leve y severa, según la cantidad de glándulas comprometidas con el nematodo y la magnitud del exudado catarral. El 25% (22/89) de las aves presentó proventriculitis catarral con presencia de T. americana, donde el 73% de los casos fue considerado como leve. Se observó erosión de la mucosa, degeneración con necrosis y formación de nódulos de 1 cm de diámetro en la yema glandular. Se concl...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the health status of poultry houses on the prevalence of larval stages of endoparasites in intermediate hosts and on the productive behavior of 55-week-old White Leghorn laying hens for eight weeks. Two treatments were designed (T1 and T2) with 486 chickens each (three replicas of 162 birds), according to the hygienic quality of two chicken houses (dust levels in the floor, puddles in excreta towers, feathers and broken eggs in the floor and corridors, presence of wild birds, population of insects). Every 15 days (four samplings) 1 kg of excreta per replica was collected from the excreta towers to quantify and classify the intermediate hosts. All insects and arthropods were identified, and the presence of nematode larvae and larval cysts was quantified. The intestines of 15 birds (T1=7; T2=8) were collected for the identification o...

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la situación sanitaria de los galpones de gallinas en la prevalencia de los estadios larvarios de endoparásitos en los hospederos intermediarios y en el comportamiento productivo en gallinas ponedoras White Leghorn de 55 semanas durante ocho semanas. Se diseñaron dos tratamientos (T1 y T2) con 486 gallinas cada uno (tres réplicas de 162 aves), según la calidad higiénica de dos galpones (niveles de polvo en el suelo, encharcamiento en fosos de deyecciones, plumas y huevos rotos en suelo y pasillos, presencia de aves silvestres, población de insectos). Cada 15 días (cuatro muestreos) se recolectó 1 kg de excretas por réplica de las torres de deyecciones para cuantificar y clasificar los hospederos intermediarios. Se identificaron todos los insectos y artrópodos y se cuantificó la presencia de larvas de nematodos y quistes larvari...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of Morinda citrifolia L in comparison with conventional chemical products (Supatraz®/amitraz and Ticomín®/ cipermetrina) on engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The adult ticks were collected from cattle free of chemical acaricides. Ten ticks were selected per Petri dish (n=24) and distributed in 8 treatments with 3 replicas each one. Treatments T1 to T5 received hidroalcoholic solutions of Morinda citrifolia L at 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25 y 0.625% respectively; T6 received Supatraz®/amitraz and T7 Ticomín®/Cipermetrina in 1:1000 dilution; and T8 was the negative control (distilled water) in volumes of 15 ml per Petri dish for 5 min. The readings were carried out at 15 min and 24 h postexposition. Dead ticks were counted to determine the efficacy of the treatments. The results showed an efficacy of 89.6 and 41.3...

El estudio tuvo como objetivo la evaluación de la eficacia in vitro de Morinda citrifolia L. en comparación con productos químicos convencionales (Supatraz®/amitraz y Ticomín®/cipermetrina) sobre teleoginas de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Las teologinas fueron recolectadas de bovinos exentos de garrapaticidas químicos. Se seleccionaron 10 garrapatas por cada placa Petri (n=24) distribuidas en 8 tratamientos con 3 réplicas cada uno. Los tratamientos T1 a T5 recibieron soluciones hidroalcohólicas de M. citrifolia L al 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25 y 0.625%, respectivamente; T6 recibió Supatraz®/ amitraz y T7 Ticomín®/cipermetrina en diluciones de 1:1000; y T8 fue el control negativo (agua destilada), en volúmenes de 15 ml por espacio de 5 min. Las lecturas se hicieron a los 15 min y 24 h posexposición y se contaron las teleoginas muertas para evaluar la eficacia de los tratamient...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of body weight on other morphometric characters in White Leghorn pullets L33. The study lasted for 6 weeks using 300 pullets (11-16 weeks old) equally distributed in two experimental groups: I: expected body weight (865.6 ± 13.3 g); II: overweighed (920.1 ± 37.3 g). Body weight, tarsus length and distances between pubic bones and from keel to pubis were determined weekly. The Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05) was used to compare means between groups. Degree of uniformity in body weight in both groups was considered excellent (2.6 and 4.8% for group I and II, respectively). Significant difference between groups was observed in the tarsus length and distance from keel to pubis (p<0.0001), but not on the distance between pubic bones. Also, positive correlation between body weight and other morphometric variables was observed, although onl...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto del peso corporal sobre otros caracteres morfométricos en pollitas White Leghorn L33. Se trabajó con 300 pollitas por seis semanas a partir de la semana 11 de edad. La mitad (grupo I) tenían el peso esperado para su edad (865.6 ± 13.3 g) y la otra mitad (grupo II) estaban con sobrepeso (920.1 ± 37.3 g). Se registró semanalmente el peso corporal, largo del tarso, y distancias entre pubis y de quilla a pubis. Se utilizó la prueba U de Mann-Whitney (p<0.05) para comparar las medias entre grupos. La uniformidad en el peso corporal de ambos grupos fue considerada como excelente (2.6 y 4.8% para el grupo I y II, respectivamente). Se observó diferencia significativa entre grupos en el largo del tarso y la distancia de quilla a pubis (p<0.0001), pero no en la distancia entre pubis. Asimismo, se observó correlación positiva...

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii in Gallus domesticus in Havana, Cuba. Three hundred serum samples were collected from White Leghorn pullets L33 in growing stage in 2015. Samples represented 100 birds per batch incorporated into the poultry unit from different origins. Samples were evaluated by an ELISA inhibition test and data was analyzed by the Chi-square and Duncan tests to compare proportions of positive birds among batches. A relatively low seroprevalence of T. gondii was found (9.6%), similar to other findings reported internationally. Significant differences (p=0.0001) in the prevalence of T. gondii among the three bird batches were found. It is concluded that the seroprevalence of T. gondii in Gallus domesticus in Havana is low, though this constitutes a risk of infection for susceptible human and animal populations.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la seroprevalencia de T. gondii en Gallus domesticus en La Habana, Cuba. Se colectaron 300 muestras de sueros de pollitas White Leghorn L33 en fase de desarrollo en 2015, distribuidas a razón de 100 aves por cada lote incorporado a la unidad avícola desde procedencias diferentes. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante un ELISA de inhibición y se utilizaron las pruebas Chi-cuadrado y Dócima de Duncan para comparar las proporciones de aves positivas entre los lotes estudiados. Se encontró una relativa baja seroprevalencia de T. gondii (9.6%), similar a otros hallazgos reportados a nivel internacional. Se evidenciaron diferencias significativas (p=0.0001) en la prevalencia de T. gondii entre los tres lotes de aves. Se concluye que la seroprevalencia de T. gondii en Gallus domesticus en La Habana es baja, aunque esta constituye un riesgo de infe...