The effect of oestradiol (E2 ) during the maternal recognition of pregnancy (9-11 days after ovulation) was studied in 44 alpacas that were >20 days after delivery. The alpacas were mated with an intact male (>15 minutes) and received 500 IU of hCG to induce ovulation. The females were divided in 3 groups: Group G1 (n=14) received 0.2 ml. i.m. of an A, D and E vitaminic complex on days 8 and 9 post-ovulation. Group G2 (n=15) received 200 mg of E2 and 0.2 ml i.m. of the vitamin complex (similar to G1 ) on days 8 and 9 post-ovulation. Group G3 (n=15) received 20 mg of progesterone and 0.2 ml i.m. of the same vitamin complex on day 9 post-ovulation. The females were confronted with a male to evaluate their sexual behavior (accept or denial) and then, transrectal ecography of the ovaries and uterus was conducted on days 2, 8, 13, 19, 27, 30 and 60 post-ovulation. Embryonic survival was...

This report shows the clinical case of a female canine patient of 1.5 molth-old diagnosed with severe patellar luxation, severe deformity of the hind limbs and inability to walk, who underwent surgical correction with satisfactory results.

This paper presents the results of two cases of prostatic omentalization conducted in two canine patients who were diagnosed with prostatic abscess. The patients were 9 and 13 years old. They presented fever, frequent urination, decay, anorexia, and abdominal pain. The ultrasound showed presence of cysts/abscesses in the prostate gland. The surgical technique was developed in a simple manner without the need of using complex equipment outside the basic surgical material. Patients recovered quickly from the surgical procedure without having post-surgery complications. It is concluded that the technique of prostatic omentalization allows the effective treatment of intra-prostatic abscesses in dogs.

It is described the clinical case of a canine patient attended 30 minutes after a car accident, with a luxofracture of the thoracic vertebra 12 and its surgical treatment by a technique of segmental fixation of the thoracic vertebrae 11, 12 13 and lumbar 1, using a Steinmann nail and surgical wires. The patient presented with paraplegia and little response to the deep pain stimulus, which, in less than 24 hours after the first evaluation was null. This demonstrated the rapid deterioration of the medullary functions detectable in the clinical examination; however, the rapid action and the diagnostic images allowed the execution of the surgical technique before 24 hours after the injury. The patient recovered his posture and the march three days after surgery, managing to walk seven days after the intervention. These results confirm the need for a timely neurological evaluation with diagno...

The persistent of the aortic right arch is a congenital anomaly that is considered difficult to treat in Peru, and therefore is presented the case of a three-month-old Cocker Spaniel canine with a history of chronic regurgitation of solid foods and poor development. At clinical examination he was alert and active but with low body condition; the esophagus on palpation at the cervical level was apparently flaccid and noticeable, and at abdominal compression it seemed to increase its volume. The contrasted radiographic image revealed a marked esophageal distension located in front of the cardiac image, which gave the diagnosis of a pre-cardiac megaesophagus. The presumptive diagnosis was the presence of the fourth persistent right aortic arch, so the surgery was suggested to the owners. Exploratory thoracic surgery was performed confirming the diagnosis and corrective surgery was performed...

El efecto del estradiol (E2 ) durante el periodo de reconocimiento maternal de la preñez (días 9-11 post-ovulación) fue estudiado en 44 alpacas con descanso postparto > 20 días. Los animales fueron sometidos a una monta controlada con macho entero (>15 minutos) y se les aplicó 500 UI de gonadotropina coriónica humana (hCG) vía i.m. Los animales fueron divididos en 3 grupos: El grupo G1 (n=14) recibió 0.2 ml de una solución de vitaminas A, D y E vía i.m. los días 8 y 9 post-ovulación. El grupo G2 (n=15) recibió 200 mg de E2 vía i.m. + 0.2 ml de la solución de vitaminas aplicada en G1 los días 8 y 9 postovulación. El grupo G3 (n=15) recibió 20 mg de progesterona + 0.2 ml de la solución vitamínica el día 9 post-ovulación. Las hembras fueron enfrentadas al macho para evaluar el comportamiento sexual de las hembras y paralelamente, se les realizó una ecografía tr...

This report shows the clinical case of a female canine patient of 1.5 molth-old diagnosed with severe patellar luxation, severe deformity of the hind limbs and inability to walk, who underwent surgical correction with satisfactory results.

Se presentan los resultados de dos casos de omentalización prostática realizada en dos pacientes caninos que fueron diagnosticados con cuadros de abscedación prostática. La edad de los pacientes fue de 9 y 13 años. Presentaron fiebre, polaquiuria, decaimiento, anorexia y dolor abdominal. Las ecografías mostraron presencia de quistes/abscesos en la glándula prostática. La técnica quirúrgica se desarrolló de manera sencilla sin la necesidad de utilizar equipamiento complejo fuera del material quirúrgico básico. Los pacientes se recuperaron rápidamente del procedimiento quirúrgico sin observarse complicaciones pos-quirúrgicas. Se concluye que la técnica de omentalización prostática permite el tratamiento efectivo de abscesos intraprostáticos en perros.

It is described the clinical case of a canine patient attended 30 minutes after a car accident, with a luxofracture of the thoracic vertebra 12 and its surgical treatment by a technique of segmental fixation of the thoracic vertebrae 11, 12 13 and lumbar 1, using a Steinmann nail and surgical wires. The patient presented with paraplegia and little response to the deep pain stimulus, which, in less than 24 hours after the first evaluation was null. This demonstrated the rapid deterioration of the medullary functions detectable in the clinical examination; however, the rapid action and the diagnostic images allowed the execution of the surgical technique before 24 hours after the injury. The patient recovered his posture and the march three days after surgery, managing to walk seven days after the intervention. These results confirm the need for a timely neurological evaluation with diagno...

The persistent of the aortic right arch is a congenital anomaly that is considered difficult to treat in Peru, and therefore is presented the case of a three-month-old Cocker Spaniel canine with a history of chronic regurgitation of solid foods and poor development. At clinical examination he was alert and active but with low body condition; the esophagus on palpation at the cervical level was apparently flaccid and noticeable, and at abdominal compression it seemed to increase its volume. The contrasted radiographic image revealed a marked esophageal distension located in front of the cardiac image, which gave the diagnosis of a pre-cardiac megaesophagus. The presumptive diagnosis was the presence of the fourth persistent right aortic arch, so the surgery was suggested to the owners. Exploratory thoracic surgery was performed confirming the diagnosis and corrective surgery was performed...

The case of a 4-year-old giant South American turtle (Podocnemis expansa) that presented anorexia, vomits and constipation during four days is reported. The animal was kept in a temperate land-water terrarium with gravel as substratum. The diet was only composed by commercial pelleted food for turtles. No alteration was observed during physical examination. Radiologic examination revealed multiple radio-opaque foreign bodies in the stomach. Gastric foreign body obstruction was diagnosed. Medical therapy was administered during seven days with limited success. Gastrotomy was performed and multiple stones of about 5 x 10 mm were removed. Then, the animal continued receiving medical therapy by means of prokinetic, analgesic and antibiotic drugs. The animal fully recovered.

Se reporta el caso de una tortuga charapa Podocnemis expansa de 4 años de edad, que fue llevada a la consulta por presentar anorexia, vómitos y estreñimiento durante cuatro días. El animal era mantenido en un acuaterrario temperado y con sustrato de grava, con dieta a base de alimento comercial peletizado para tortugas acuáticas. No se observaron alteraciones al examen físico. Al examen radiológico se observaron múltiples cuerpos extraños radiopacos a nivel de estómago, diagnosticándose obstrucción gástrica por cuerpos extraños. Se administró tratamiento médico durante siete días con éxito limitado. Se realizó una gastrotomía, retirándose múltiples piedras de aproximadamente 5 x 10 mm. Posteriormente, el animal continuó recibiendo tratamiento médico con drogas procinéticas, analgésicos y antibioticoterapia, recuperándose totalmente.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of external skeletal fixators as a means of stabilization, using the technique of double pelvic osteotomy in patients with hip dysplasia. Five crossbred dogs (3 males and 2 females), 3-4 months old, weighing 9.4 to 12.5 kg, and clinically healthy were used. The Norberg angle was radiological assessed before and after 6 weeks of the surgery when the external fixators were removed. Weekly X-rays for five weeks after the surgery were taken to monitor the development of the bone callus. The 80% (4/5) of dogs showed radiographic evidence of bone callus formation on week 2 and all dogs showed a well-developed bone callus associated with adequate contribution of mechanical stability on week 5. The Norberg angle increased 9.4 degrees on average (Range: 4 to 14 degress). The results showed that external skeletal fixation provides good stability when u...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el uso de fijadores esqueléticos externos como medio de estabilización, mediante la técnica de doble osteotomía pélvica en pacientes displásicos. Se intervinieron cinco canes mestizos (3 machos y 2 hembras), de 3-4 meses de edad, con peso corporal entre 9.4 y 12.5 kg, clínicamente sanos. El ángulo de Norberg se determinó radiológicamente antes de la intervención y al retiro de los implantes en la semana 6. Se les hizo un seguimiento radiológico postquirúrgico semanal por cinco semanas para determinar la formación del callo óseo. El 80% (4/5) de los canes presentó signos radiológicos de formación de callo óseo a la segunda semana, y el 100% (5/5) presentó un callo óseo muy desarrollado asociado a un adecuado aporte de estabilidad mecánica en la semana 5 postoperatoria. Todos los canes presentaron en promedio 9.4 grados de ...

The objectives of the study were to describe the radiologic findings of plain radiography in animals with suspected herniated disc and to establish coincidences with the computed tomography (CT) examination. Sixteen dogs were studied, whose neurological evaluation revealed a neurological dysfunction compatible with thoracolumbar spinal cord compression and a magnitude of injury of grade III or higher. Two patients failed to show signs of disc herniation in both tests and were withdrawn from the study. Plain radiographies identified 14 animals with radiographic abnormalities consistent with a herniated disc. In 71.4% (10/14) of these cases, the results between radiographic and CT examinations coincided in the diagnosis of the presence of the disease and location of the affected intervertebral space. The radiographic findings most common in animals suspected to herniated disc type 1 were n...

The frequency of lesions of the appendicular skeleton diagnosed in canines was evaluated in the radiology area of Small Animal Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos during the period 2012-2016. In total, 2552 radiological recordings made in the appendicular skeleton were analyzed. Of these, 43.3% (n=1106) presented traumatic injuries, 23.2% (n=591) orthopedic injuries, 12.7% (n=323) degenerative injuries, 2.7% (n=69) injuries compatible with osteomyelitis, 1.7% (n=42) lesions compatible with neoplasms, and 0.5% (n=13) lesions compatible with hypertrophic osteodystrophy. Among trauma injuries, the bone structures with the highest frequency of fracture were the pelvis (35.1%; n=388) and femur (26.9%; n=298) and among orthopedic injuries were patellar luxation (36.9%; n=218) and hip dysplasia (36.6%; n=216). Traumatological injuries wer...

The frequency of periodontal disease was evaluated in 52 canines older than one year of age, patients of the Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine of San Marcos University, Lima, during the period of October 2005 to March 2006. The veterinary periodontal index was used. The results showed a frequency of 76.9% (40/52) of dogs with periodontal disease, where 48.1% (25/52) had gingivitis, 21.2% (11/52) mild periodontitis, and 7.7% (4/52) moderate periodontitis. The more affected type of teeth was the premolars and the superior teeth. There was a positive association between age with frequency and severity of periodontal disease. It was also observed that missing teeth was higher in older dogs.

The normal lacrimal production in apparently healthy dogs was determined by the Schirmer Tear in the Small Animals Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima. A total of 123 dogs grouped by sex, age, and skull type were evaluated. The mean lacrimal production was 16.4 ± 1.5 mm/min, with a range of 11 to 20 mm/min, and without statistical difference due to sex and age; however, the lacrimal production of brachycephalic dogs was significantly higher (17.0 ± 1.2 mm/ min, p<0.05) that mesocephalic (16.4 ± 1.7 mm/min) and dolichocephalic dogs (15.6 ± 1.1 mm/min).

Se evaluó la frecuencia de presentación de enfermedad periodontal en 52 caninos mayores del año de edad, pacientes de la Clínica de Animales Menores de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, entre octubre de 2005 a marzo de 2006, a través del Índice Veterinario Periodontal. Se encontró una frecuencia de 76.9% (40/52) de enfermedad periodontal, correspondiendo el 48.1% (25/52) a gingivitis, 21.2% (11/52) a periodontitis leve y 7.7% (4/52) a periodontitis moderada. Los dientes más afectados fueron los de la región maxilar y los premolares. Se encontró una asociación positiva entre edad con la frecuencia y severidad de la enfermedad periodontal. Asimismo, se observó una mayor pérdida de dientes en los perros de mayor edad.

Se determinó la producción lacrimal normal en canes aparentemente sanos mediante la Prueba Lacrimal de Schirmer en la Clínica de Animales Menores de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima. Se evaluaron 123 perros agrupados según sexo, edad y tipo de cráneo. La producción lacrimal promedio fue 16.4 ± 1.5 mm/min, con un rango de 11 a 20 mm/min, sin diferencia estadística debido a sexo o edad; sin embargo, la producción lacrimal de los canes braquicéfalos fue significativamente mayor (17.0 ± 1.2 mm/min, p<0.05) que los mesocéfalos (16.4 ± 1.7 mm/min) y los dolicocéfalos (15.6 ± 1.1 mm/min).