Hard yellow corn is a fundamental crop in the Peruvian diet, but its quality can be compromised by chemical and biological contaminants. The present study aimed to determine the presence of lead, cadmium and mycotoxigenic fungi in samples of hard yellow corn at harvest and postharvest stages from Huaral, Lima. For this purpose, lead and cadmium concentrations were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, and fungi were isolated and counted by purification of strains on selective media to identify mycotoxigenic genera. The results showed elevated concentrations of lead (< 5,847 mg/kg) and cadmium (< 1,016 mg/kg), which exceed international limits for cereals. In the mycotoxigenic analysis, the genera Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp. were identified at both stages, with two distinct strains of Fusarium isolated, but not identified to species level. These findings are ...

Introducción: El propóleo es un producto apícola con diversidad de metabolitos secundarios cuya composición varía según el origen botánico y geográfico. Se planteó la hipótesis de que los propóleos de distintas localidades presentan variaciones en su perfil químico que pueden servir como marcadores de origen y asociarse a diferencias en su potencial biológico. Objetivos: Comparar cualitativa y cuantitativamente la composición química de extractos etanólicos de propóleos recolectados en Oxapampa y Villa Rica (Pasco, Perú). Métodos: Se realizaron ensayos de marcha fitoquímica para identificar metabolitos secundarios y análisis por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC–MS) con el fin de determinar los compuestos volátiles presentes en cada extracto. Resultados: Los ensayos de marcha fitoquímica confirmaron la presencia de flavonoides, fenol...

The chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the essential oil of leaves and flowers of Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. subsp. macrocephalum (DC.) R.R. Johnson from the provinces of Jaén and San Ignacio in Cajamarca were analyzed. The chemical compounds with the highest concentration detected using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in the essential oil were D-Limonene (62,85%), 1-Undecene (10,20%) and Caryophyllene (5,08%). Antioxidant activity methods were performed by DPPH•, ABTS•+ and FRAP; while antimicrobial and antifungal activity were performed by agar diffusion method. A TEAC of 3,0951 mg Trolox®/ g sample was obtained by the DPPH• free radical method, a TEAC of 2,6942 mg Trolox®/ g sample by the ABTS•+ cation radical method and an AAEAC of 0,774 mg Ascorbic acid/ g sample by the FRAP, indicating that...

In this study we identified and quantified five samples of oily solutions of cannabis that were collected on an outpatient basis from the center of Lima, Perú, in order to perform the analysis was performed by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC-FL) analysis required a standard containing a mix of four aflatoxins which are aflatoxins G1, B1, G2 and B2, From the standard aflatoxins of a concentration of 2,6 ug/mL (mix of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) 1ug/mL of AFB1, 1ug/mL of AFG1, 0. 3 ug/mL of AFB2 and 0.3 ug/mL of AFG2, the results obtained in the analyzed samples do not contain aflatoxins. Quality control is of utmost importance to verify that the formulations with cannabis can have an adequate dose, the adequate dose, contamination by microorganisms, mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, pesticides, among others, must be controlled in order to avoid dangerous consequences f...

ESTUDIO DEL BENZOATO DE METILO: CARACTERIZACIÓN Y APLICACIÓN INSECTICIDA EN AEDES SPP.

Introduction. - The "nogal peruano" is a large tree distributed in several regions of Peru, mainly in areas of late secondary and mature forests. Species supplying antioxidant essential oils are considered valuable for health applications. Essential oils with various constituents show synergistic effects and can be an effective alternative to prevent diseases.Objectives. - To evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-Candida albicans activity of the essential oil of Juglans neotropica Diels leaves.Materials and methods. - The essential oil was obtained by steam distillation. Its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS analysis and its antioxidant activity was evaluated according to DPPH• and ABTS•+ methods. In addition, its anti-Candida albicans activity was determined, adapting protocols, using ketoconazole as a reference. The oil was diluted in DMSO and incubated w...

Exposing our skin continuously to ultraviolet radiation can cause conditions such as erythema, premature aging even skin cancer, which can be prevented by using dermocosmetic products with antioxidant activity. The main objective of the study was to develop a dermocosmetic cream enriched with active ingredients coming from hydroalcoholic extract of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. and ethanolic extract of Calendula officinalis Vahl. For that, a phytochemical screening was performed using coloration and precipitation reactions. Then, the cream was prepared and its stability was evaluated by heat shock. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH•, ABTS●+, and FRAP methods. The secondary metabolites observed in greatest quantities were polyphenols and glycosides for calendula; and only glycosides for red quinoa. In vitro antioxidant activity using the DPPH• method indicated an IC50 of 27...