Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuro-psychiatric syndrome observed with great frequency in patients with advanced cirrhosis. The oldest and most popular theory about the genesis of this syndrome is the hypothesis of the ammonia generated in the large bowel, according to which this compound is not cleared by the hepatic reticulo endothelial system due to the presence of intrahepatic shunts, passing directly to the brain, easily crossing the blood brain barrier. It has recently been discovered that ammonia has a close relationship to the modulation of gamma aminobutiric acid (GABA), a potent neuroinhibitory peptide and at the same time with astrocytic activity. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, and computerized axial tomography, electroencephalography and other methods are only a complementary. In this article the mechanisms of hepatic encephalopathy, differential diagnosis and the limited th...

El carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) es una de las principales causas de mortalidad por cáncer en el mundo. Es objetivo de este trabajo determinar las características clínicoepidemiológicas y el tratamiento de los pacientes con este diagnóstico. METODOLOGÍA: estudio prospectivo longitudinal que incluye a pacientes con diagnóstico de CHC en el Departamento del Aparato Digestivo del HNERM- EsSalud entre agostodel 2007 y Agosto del 2008. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 36 pacientes con edad promedio de 60,1 años. El 61,1% fueron varones, y el 69,1% tenía cirrosis. La edad promedio fue de 68,9 años, siendo en lospacientes no cirróticos 40 años (p<0,001). La etiología asociada más frecuente fue el virus de hepatitis B con 38,9%. Únicamente el 60% tuvo niveles de alfafetoproteina mayores a 200 ng/ml. En los pacientes con cirrosis hepática, el 80% estaba en estadío Child-Pugh�...

Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuro-psychiatric syndrome observed with great frequency in patients with advanced cirrhosis. The oldest and most popular theory about the genesis of this syndrome is the hypothesis of the ammonia generated in the large bowel, according to which this compound is not cleared by the hepatic reticulo endothelial system due to the presence of intrahepatic shunts, passing directly to the brain, easily crossing the blood brain barrier. It has recently been discovered that ammonia has a close relationship to the modulation of gamma aminobutiric acid (GABA), a potent neuroinhibitory peptide and at the same time with astrocytic activity. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, and computerized axial tomography, electroencephalography and other methods are only a complementary. In this article the mechanisms of hepatic encephalopathy, differential diagnosis and the limited th...

Las alteraciones del perfil hepático pueden constituir un hallazgo casual en pacientes que son evaluados por síntomas inespecíficos y no relacionados a enfermedades hepáticas, pudiendo encontrarse hasta en aproximadamente un 8 a 10% de los análisis rutinarios realizados. 

Terbinafine is a drug that can induce acute liver damage. We present the case of a 40-year-old male patient who developed liver dysfunction after 35 days of terbinafine treatment for onychomycosis. The anatomopathological study showed: acute hepatitis in resolution, in addition to ductopenia and cholestasis. These findings, without a history of viral or autoimmune hepatitis, are consistent with the diagnosis of drug-induced liver damage (DILI). In this report we present the first case in our country of a patient who is affected by an acute liver disease: terbinafine-induced liver injury, to which SARS-CoV-2 infection was later associated in the context of a pandemic.

La terbinafina es un fármaco que puede inducir daño hepático agudo. Presentamos el caso de un paciente varón de 40 años que desarrolló disfunción hepática después de 35 días de tratamiento con terbinafina por onicomicosis. El estudio anátomo patológico demostró: hepatitis aguda en resolución, además de ductopenia y colestasis. Estos hallazgos, sin el antecedente de hepatitis viral o autoinmune, son consistentes con el diagnóstico de daño hepático inducido por drogas (DILI). En este reporte presentamos el primer caso en nuestro país de un paciente que es afectado por una enfermedad hepática aguda: injuria hep osteriormente infección por SARS-CoV-2 en el contexto de una pandemia.

Digestive diseases are the fourth leading cause of outpatient care in Peruvian healthcare centers, with gastritis and peptic ulcers being the most common. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study of secondary analysis of medical record data to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in patients undergoing upper digestive endoscopy during 2019 at Clinica Delgado, Lima, Peru. An association between males (PRa 1.27, 95% CI 1.10-1.48, p<0.001), age categories and upper digestive endoscopy (PRa 2.53, 95% CI 2.16-2.97, p<0.001) was reported. Based on these findings, it is recommended that other causes of gastritis be identified, especially in young women with deep chronic gastritis. Furthermore, we present a review of the scientific literature of Peru on factors associated with the positivity of Helicobacter pylori in the results of superior digestive endoscopy.