En el presente estudio se identificó un problema de almacenamiento de los insumos para el Programa Vaso de Leche, ya que se ha identificado que el espacio en donde se almacenan es reducido y no se encuentra en una correcta ubicación, por lo que podría esta r ocasionando el deterioro de los insumos, siendo esto muy preocupante porque son alimentos que serán utilizados en el Programa Vaso de Leche, distribuido a las familias de bajos recursos; es por ello, que el presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general desarrollar una propuesta de mejora para optimizar la logística de almacenamiento y distribución del Programa Social “Vaso de Leche” en la Municipalidad Distrital de Socabaya, Arequipa – 2023. El estudio se desarrolló bajo el alcance descriptivo, ya que se describirá los principales problemas identificados, el diseño es el no experimental transversal, est...

The aim of this study was to estimate five technological characteristics of white alpaca fibre in Huacaya and Suri breeds, from the breeding stock of four communities of the Ocongate district, Quispicanchi province, Cusco Region, Peru. Fibre samples were taken from the middle ribs, left flank of 238 animals of the two breeds, of both sexes and of various ages. An Optical Fibre Diameter Analyzer (OFDA 2000) was used to determine the fibre diameter (DF), coefficient of variability of the fibre diameter (CVDF), comfort factor (FC) and curvature index (IC). The evaluation of the fibre tensile strength (RT) was done with the IWG Staple Length & Strength Instrument. The effects of breed, sex, age, and community on DF, CVDF, FC, IC, and RT were estimated with a factorial arrangement, as well as phenotypic correlations between the evaluated variables. Significant differences were found for D...

The aim of this study was to analyse the DNA fragmentation in alpaca spermatozoa recovered from the vas deferens deviation (VDD), as well as those collected by electroejaculation (EE) and by post-copula (PC). The sperm was collected from three males per method and three times per animal. Volume, motility, concentration, vitality, functionality of the spermatic membrane and sperm DNA fragmentation index were evaluated. Microscopic variables were evaluated with the Integrated Semen Analysis System - ISAS®; the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was determined by the chromatin dispersion method (VDD). The DFI data was analysed using a completely randomized block design. An DFI of 36.44 ± 22.50% was found in the VDD method and 13.65 ± 18.98% and 8.42 ± 10.28% for sperm collected by EE and PC, the latter two being superior (p<0.05) to the VDD method. A lower percentage of sperm DNA fr...

The aim of this study was to estimate five technological characteristics of white alpaca fibre in Huacaya and Suri breeds, from the breeding stock of four communities of the Ocongate district, Quispicanchi province, Cusco Region, Peru. Fibre samples were taken from the middle ribs, left flank of 238 animals of the two breeds, of both sexes and of various ages. An Optical Fibre Diameter Analyzer (OFDA 2000) was used to determine the fibre diameter (DF), coefficient of variability of the fibre diameter (CVDF), comfort factor (FC) and curvature index (IC). The evaluation of the fibre tensile strength (RT) was done with the IWG Staple Length & Strength Instrument. The effects of breed, sex, age, and community on DF, CVDF, FC, IC, and RT were estimated with a factorial arrangement, as well as phenotypic correlations between the evaluated variables. Significant differences were found for D...

The aim of this study was to analyse the DNA fragmentation in alpaca spermatozoa recovered from the vas deferens deviation (VDD), as well as those collected by electroejaculation (EE) and by post-copula (PC). The sperm was collected from three males per method and three times per animal. Volume, motility, concentration, vitality, functionality of the spermatic membrane and sperm DNA fragmentation index were evaluated. Microscopic variables were evaluated with the Integrated Semen Analysis System - ISAS®; the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was determined by the chromatin dispersion method (VDD). The DFI data was analysed using a completely randomized block design. An DFI of 36.44 ± 22.50% was found in the VDD method and 13.65 ± 18.98% and 8.42 ± 10.28% for sperm collected by EE and PC, the latter two being superior (p<0.05) to the VDD method. A lower percentage of sperm DNA fr...

The aim of this study was to determine the existence of sperm subpopulations according to the morphometry of llama sperm, using a CASA-Morph system. Semen was collected from four 4-6-year-old Q'ara llamas by electroejaculation four times per animal, at one week intervals. The volume, total motility, sperm concentration, percentage of live sperm and percentage of sperm with acrosomal reaction were determined. The morphometric parameters of the sperm were evaluated using the CASA-Morph, Integrated Semen Analysis System (ISAS®v1). The length, width, area, perimeter, ellipticity, elongation, regularity and rugosity of the llama sperm head were determined, as well as the width, area, and distance and angle of insertion of the midpiece of the spermatozoa. The morphometric variables were distributed in five main components (PCA) called elongation, length, circularity, width of the midpiece and...

The aim of this study was to determine the existence of sperm subpopulations according to the morphometry of llama sperm, using a CASA-Morph system. Semen was collected from four 4-6-year-old Q'ara llamas by electroejaculation four times per animal, at one week intervals. The volume, total motility, sperm concentration, percentage of live sperm and percentage of sperm with acrosomal reaction were determined. The morphometric parameters of the sperm were evaluated using the CASA-Morph, Integrated Semen Analysis System (ISAS®v1). The length, width, area, perimeter, ellipticity, elongation, regularity and rugosity of the llama sperm head were determined, as well as the width, area, and distance and angle of insertion of the midpiece of the spermatozoa. The morphometric variables were distributed in five main components (PCA) called elongation, length, circularity, width of the midpiece and...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of papain treatment on the kinetics of llama sperm. Four 5-8-year-old Ch'aku male llamas were selected and semen was collected using an artificial vagina and a dummy. Four semen collections were made per animal with intervals of one week. The semen samples were separated into two aliquots. One for fresh analysis and the other to be treated with papain (20 minutes). The volume, filancia, concentration of sperm, percentage of live sperm, percentage of functionality of the sperm membrane, and percentage of sperm with acrosomal reaction were evaluated. Sperm mobility and its kinetics were evaluated using a CASA-Mot system (ISAS®), determining the total motility (MT) and progressive motility (MP), as well as the sperm kinetic parameters: curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), and the indices of ...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of papain treatment on the kinetics of llama sperm. Four 5-8-year-old Ch'aku male llamas were selected and semen was collected using an artificial vagina and a dummy. Four semen collections were made per animal with intervals of one week. The semen samples were separated into two aliquots. One for fresh analysis and the other to be treated with papain (20 minutes). The volume, filancia, concentration of sperm, percentage of live sperm, percentage of functionality of the sperm membrane, and percentage of sperm with acrosomal reaction were evaluated. Sperm mobility and its kinetics were evaluated using a CASA-Mot system (ISAS®), determining the total motility (MT) and progressive motility (MP), as well as the sperm kinetic parameters: curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), and the indices of ...

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between fineness characteristics and resistance of Ch’aku llama fleeces. Seventy-six llamas from the breeding stock of the South American Camelids Research Center -CICAS- La Raya, Peru were sampled. Fibre fineness characteristics were determined (Average Fibre Diameter [MDF, µm], Variability Coefficient of Average Fibre Diameter [CVMDF,%], Comfort Factor [FC,%], Curvature, curl [CRV, °/mm], Spinning Fineness [SF, µm]) in an Optical Fibre Diameter Analyzer (OFDA 2000®) and fleece strength characteristics (Staple Length [LM, mm], Resistance to Traction [RT, N / ktex], and Position of Break [POB,%]) using the Staple Length and Strength Instrument (SL&SI). A randomized complete design with a factorial arrangement was used, using parametric and non-parametric tests. The results indicated effect of sex, age and sex*age, on the c...

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between fineness characteristics and resistance of Ch’aku llama fleeces. Seventy-six llamas from the breeding stock of the South American Camelids Research Center -CICAS- La Raya, Peru were sampled. Fibre fineness characteristics were determined (Average Fibre Diameter [MDF, µm], Variability Coefficient of Average Fibre Diameter [CVMDF,%], Comfort Factor [FC,%], Curvature, curl [CRV, °/mm], Spinning Fineness [SF, µm]) in an Optical Fibre Diameter Analyzer (OFDA 2000®) and fleece strength characteristics (Staple Length [LM, mm], Resistance to Traction [RT, N / ktex], and Position of Break [POB,%]) using the Staple Length and Strength Instrument (SL&SI). A randomized complete design with a factorial arrangement was used, using parametric and non-parametric tests. The results indicated effect of sex, age and sex*age, on the c...