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1
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Objetive: Identify the effect of concomitant use of four wavelengths; red, 645-700nm; blue, 439-440nm; yellow, 586 nm, and green 509-510nm, at 35.8mW and 62.81mW of light power over cell viability at 10, 20 and 30 minutes of exposure. Material and Methods: A lamp was designed using light emitting diodes, which had a microcontroller that allowed time and power control of the light energy emitted to the cells. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were separated using ficoll hypaque, then exposed to light for 10, 20 and 30 minutes and evaluating their viability by combining them with ethidium bromide and acridine orange at the end of each time for which an immunofluorescence microscope was used. Results: viability of the leukocytes after irradiation by the light emitting diode lamp at an electrical power of 1028.8 mW was 93%, 70% and 51% at 10, 20 and 30 minutes, respectively, while their respectiv...
2
artículo
Publicado 2013
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The Gompertz and logistic mathematical models in the Spirulina sp. growth kinetics were evaluated and were compared with a modeling through Backpropagation Artificial Neural Networks (BP- ANN). Spirulina was cultivated in a (3 L/min) of 500 mL aerated laboratory photobioreactor with 40W fluorescent lighting and 1W lighting Solid State (LED-Light Emitting Diode) obtaining 11.0 klx lighting with both systems. The LED lighting allowed to obtain a (ɑ) 0.90 high biomass value compared with that one obtained with fluorescent lighting of 0.82, as well as a greater growth rate μ=0.63 h-1 preceded by a shorter latency time λ = 0.34 h. The BP-ANN showed a good accuracy with respect to the Gompertz I corrected model for both the Spirulina sp cultivation case with fluorescent lighting and with LED displaying correlation coefficients (R) of the 0.993 and 0.994 order respectively, with regard to th...
3
artículo
Publicado 2013
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The Gompertz and logistic mathematical models in the Spirulina sp. growth kinetics were evaluated and were compared with a modeling through Backpropagation Artificial Neural Networks (BP- ANN). Spirulina was cultivated in a (3 L/min) of 500 mL aerated laboratory photobioreactor with 40W fluorescent lighting and 1W lighting Solid State (LED-Light Emitting Diode) obtaining 11.0 klx lighting with both systems. The LED lighting allowed to obtain a (ɑ) 0.90 high biomass value compared with that one obtained with fluorescent lighting of 0.82, as well as a greater growth rate μ=0.63 h-1 preceded by a shorter latency time λ = 0.34 h. The BP-ANN showed a good accuracy with respect to the Gompertz I corrected model for both the Spirulina sp cultivation case with fluorescent lighting and with LED displaying correlation coefficients (R) of the 0.993 and 0.994 order respectively, with regard to th...
4
artículo
Objetivo: Identificar el efecto del uso concomitante de cuatro longitudes de onda; rojo, 645-700nm; azul,439-440nm; amarillo, 586 nm, y verde 509-510nm, a 35,8mW y 62,81mW de potencia luminosa sobre la viabilidad celular a los 10, 20 y 30 minutos de exposición. Material y Métodos: Se diseñó una lámpara usando diodos emisores de luz, que tuvo un microcontrolador que permitió el control del tiempo y la potencia de la energía luminosa emitida hacia las células. Se separaron linfocitos de sangre periférica usando ficoll hypaque exponiéndolos luego a la luz por 10, 20 y 30 minutos y evaluando su viabilidad combinándolos con bromuro de etidio y naranja de acridina al finalizar cada tiempo para lo que se uso un microscopio de inmunofluorescencia Resultados: La viabilidad de los leucocitos después de su Irradiación por la lámpara de diodos emisores de luz a una potencia eléctrica ...
5
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Peru is the second largest producer of asparagus, with a production of more than 366 thousand tons per year, its crops are developed mainly in La Libertad, Ica and Lima, its export is mainly to the United States, and in some European countries, also distributed to the domestic market, but during transport and storage problems have been identified that accelerates the expiration of asparagus to increase its high respiratory rate. Therefore, new methods are sought to preserve and delay the senescence of green asparagus, and the following objective of the light emitting diode (LED) that has effect on the photosynthesis of green asparagus Asparagus officinalis L. in the postharvest and if it would serve as a method of conservation. For the realization of this work, four experiments were carried out: A control group kept in total darkness and three other experimental groups that were exposed ...
6
artículo
Publicado 2016
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Rising electricity prices, concerns about climate change, independence and energy security drive the shift from the global lighting market to more energy-efficient light sources. Lighting, according to estimates by the International Energy Agency (IEA), accounts for almost 20% of the world's electricity consumption. In Peru, according to the Ministry of Energy and Mines, approximately 35% of primary energy (after processing and / or discounting losses) is destined to electricity generation, which presents important consumption in lighting: Residential Sector 15 % to 30%, Commercial sector approx. 33%, Public sector approx. 24% and industrial sector 10% to 15%. Given these important levels of consumption in lighting systems, transverse use in all sectors, the lack of a comprehensive regulatory policy framework, as well as the need to determine and establish energy efficiency alternatives,...
7
artículo
Publicado 2016
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Rising electricity prices, concerns about climate change, independence and energy security drive the shift from the global lighting market to more energy-efficient light sources. Lighting, according to estimates by the International Energy Agency (IEA), accounts for almost 20% of the world's electricity consumption. In Peru, according to the Ministry of Energy and Mines, approximately 35% of primary energy (after processing and / or discounting losses) is destined to electricity generation, which presents important consumption in lighting: Residential Sector 15 % to 30%, Commercial sector approx. 33%, Public sector approx. 24% and industrial sector 10% to 15%. Given these important levels of consumption in lighting systems, transverse use in all sectors, the lack of a comprehensive regulatory policy framework, as well as the need to determine and establish energy efficiency alternatives,...
8
artículo
Publicado 2023
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This article begins with a study of two judicial disputes related to land ownership, which were led by peasants from the Huanta highlands, in the Ayacucho region in Peru. Based on the hermeneutic analysis of the judicial records of the disputes, it argues that these peasants intervened in the lawsuits stimulated by their experience from the independence war and the caudillista conflicts of the 19th century, developing a moral argument that served as a combat weapon to thwart the opponent in the courts and achieve the claim. In this way, they participated in the process of the formation of the republican State, prolonging the violence of war to earlyrepublican law and justice.
9
artículo
Publicado 1969
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This paper begins by describing the situation and problems that afflicted the Mexican prison system during the 1960s. According to the author, the critical state of Mexican prisons led to the establishment of a new system for the treatment of inmates. Thus, a penitentiary system was implemented that focused mainly on the resocialization of the inmate, as well as the promotion of his or her social reintegration. To this end, it sought to reverse the situation by reforming the prison regime, restructuring the penitentiary center, offering medical care, especially psychiatric and psychological care, establishing different work areas, and emphasizing the education of inmates. Furthermore, the benefits not only covered the inmates, but also the prison staff, who had access to the teaching and research institute of the penitentiary center. As the author points out, these modifications were rec...
10
artículo
Traditionally, strikes in Peru have followed similar trends to economic cycles and have been led by workers' organizations in sectors such as mining and manufacturing. However, since 2017, public sector unions have begun to lead the three classic strike indicators: frequency, man-hours lost, and number of strikers. This research takes nationwide mobilizations as a case study and explains these changes in trends using the theoretical framework of the political opportunity structure. In particular, it argues that this rise in conflict originated in public administration due to the reform in the regulation of collective bargaining (openness or access to participation). At the same time, in the private sector, the variations are related to the support of the heads of administrative offices (availability of influential allies). To demonstrate this thesis, this paper combines the dogmatic anal...
11
artículo
Objective: Describe the impact of the United States veto on the Chinese company Huawei and that has led to the decline in stock market indices on Wall Street. Method: It is a type of quantitative, explanatory causal investigation based on the quantification and statistical analysis of financial time series of financial assets that are listed on the Stock Exchange of the United States of America, in the period of the month of May 2019, focusing mainly on the fall of the stock indexes on Monday, May 20, 2019. Results: The selected sample was made up of eight representative companies, commercially related to the Huawei company, which are part of the Selective Index of the Stock Exchange of the United States of America, showing the relationship they have between them and the effects they have suffered as a result of the veto and on the other hand, the main stock market index of globaliz...
12
artículo
Publicado 2016
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In only two years, since proclaimed it-self as a «Califate», the Islamic State has experienced an accelerated ideological, territorial and cybernetic expansion, which has led to a wave of bloody sectarian violence against non-Sunni populations. In a short time, it has managed to control large areas in Iraq and Syria where runs a political-religious administration founded on fundamentalist interpretation of the sharia. The characteristics of its organization, methodsand objectives obscure its understanding, and therefore also the design of strategies for efficient combating. This article intends to understand the genesis and expansion of this nonstate actor, its administrative and military capabilities, and self-financing; also, determine its strategy and factors that explain «media success»; explain its hybrid nature; and finally discuss the implications of its emergence in t...
13
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Nowadays educational migration is still one of the most relevant topics for Russian and foreign scientists and understudied topic at the same time. Despite the many published sources including quantitative and qualitative aspects of the process, the set of topics under consideration is quite limited (adaptation of foreign students, brain drain, demographical characteristics of migrants, etc.). The article using scientific principles of systematicity and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, classification, etc.) considers the dynamics of the changes in the amount of foreign students from the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States to the Russian Federation (including which countries they are from), correlation of the process with forming-up Common Education Space in Russia and CIS. The study conducted led to the conclusion that the...
14
artículo
Publicado 2023
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The migration of Venezuelans nationals to other Latin-American countries has been defined as the most significant migratory phenomenon in the recent story of the region, with Colombia being the country that hosts the highest number of Venezuelan nationals. From a human rights perspective, this article critically analyzes the response of the Colombian State to address migration from Venezuela. The objective of this article is to show that Colombia has preferred to govern this migration through the creation of ad hoc permits, instead of recognizing the need for international protection of this population and their status as refugees. To this end, this paper analyzes the Colombian regulatory framework on migration and refuge and, in particular, the response of the Colombian State to the migration of people from Venezuela. Its central argument is that the Colombian authorities have opted for...
15
artículo
Publicado 2023
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The crisis of the presidential succession in Nicaragua between 1926 and 1927 was an opportunity for the revolutionary regime of Mexico led by Plutarco Elías Calles to recover the influence of the country in Central America. This action particularly involved a political, diplomatic and even military confrontation with the United States of America, a country with which it had to compete for the recognition of the constitutional legitimacy of the vice-presidency of the liberal Juan B. Sacasa, overthrown by the coup d’état of General Emiliano Chamorro. We analyze the political motivations of the Calles government and the diplomatic and military capacity of his government to intervene in this conflict of an international nature but which ventilated, at the same time, the tensions that the Mexican country had against the economic and political interests of the United States.
16
artículo
Publicado 2025
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This article reconstructs the process that led to Chilean postal reforms (1840-1852) and argues that their impetus resulted from the convergence of structural conditions (political peace, financial stability, and commercial boom) and an intellectual context favorable to "material progress." Drawing on official sources and ministerial reports, it traces how denunciations of the administrative obsolescence of the postal service and pressures from public and private actors (ministers, Valparaíso merchants, the press) grew from the late 1830s onward. It also examines the legislative projects of 1849-1850 (Urízar, congressional committee, Varas) and the dispute between privatization (through public tender) and a state-run model. The article argues that the presidential agency of Manuel Montt favored the state option that culminated in the Postal Rates Law of 1852 and subsequent ordinances. ...
17
artículo
Publicado 2017
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The creation of the Union of South American Nations (Unasur) in 2008 seemed to encourage the formation of an alternative regional order to the inter-American system led by the United States. This project emerged in a context characterized by the failure of the FTAA, Brazil's international projection and the strength of South American countries to face the global economic crisis. Such conditions led to the diffusion of post-hegemonic readings to understand the regionalization of South America. Nowadays, however, the quest for regional autonomy is limited both by domestic and regional factors and by systemic forces involved in shaping new regional orders.As part of its nearest influence zone, United States has vital interests in South America that may collide with projects of regional autonomy. Given this context, it is necessary to review how the US hegemony has evolved in the region and ...
18
artículo
Publicado 2025
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The culture of prevention aims at the global level to make people aware and assume commitments to ensure protection and generate economic savings before emergencies and disasters for educational communities through compliance with preventive measures according to legal regulations legales (Fontana y Conrero, 2023; Aguilar et al., 2020; Ordoñez, 2022). However, not many adequate instruments with psychometric evidence have been considered in state educational institutions in the district of Chorrillos. Thus, a study was conducted to measure the level of preventive culture in 106 teachers from educational institutions near the green coast of Chorrillos. This 17-item questionnaire presented several scientifically rigorous procedures for its validation. In the case of the content validation of the Aiken V, it showed acceptable values for relevance (P=0.91), clarity of language (CL= 0.91...
19
artículo
Publicado 2019
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The crises in Argentine winemaking during the first decades of the 20th century exposed its vulnerability, resulting from specialization in the cultivation of grape varieties for winemaking, susceptibility to pests and climatic contingencies, and a rigid supply that could not adapt to inelastic demand. These circumstances led to appraisals and a broad debate about the promotion of other production industries. The goal of this article is to describe the strengthening of diversification projects in Mendoza to com¬plement winegrowing (the central activity) and offset the adverse effects of chronic raw material surpluses. This led to the emergence of new industries during the 1920s and their consolidation, thanks to the impetus provided by the domestic market, in the 1930s. This process was ultimately driven by fruit production, based on state promotion and regulation and the arrival of ext...
20
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The main features of the XXI century Russian society have been formed due to social and psychological changes, which led to a global transformation of the state system. Modern world faces the problem of developing a new policy of state power that will be based on the principles of consensus (reconciliation of all contentious and conflicting issues in the process of developing a solution that is reached through discussion and consultation), society and open partnership. The reason for this global upheaval is that the pace of change in the relationship between the state (government) and society itself depends on the open-ended policy that is now key. The image of a civil servant is similar to a construction that can be replaced, strengthened, re-mounted, modified, etc., and most importantly, that it needs serious work. The perception of the image exists and changes not only in the consciou...
