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1
objeto de conferencia
The diagnostic process of respiratory diseases requires experience and skills to assess the different pathologies that patients may develop. Unfortunately, the lack of qualified radiologists is a global problem that limits respiratory diseases diagnosis. Therefore, it will be useful to have a tool that minimizes errors and workload, improves efficiency, and speeds up the diagnostic process in order to provide a better healthcare service to the community. This research proposes a methodology to detect pathologies by using deep learning architectures. The present proposal is divided into three types of experiments. The first one evaluates the performance of feature descriptors such as SIFT, SURF, and ORB in medical images with machine learning models as an introduction to the last experiment. The second one evaluates the performance of deep learning architectures such as ResNet50, Alexnet,...
2
tesis de grado
Pneumonia is the main cause of infant mortality in Peru, which has led to plansfig, such as vaccination campaigns, greater economic investment in health, and the strengthening of specialized medical personnel, however, mortality rates remain high. In this sense, the implementation of new computer technologies such as Deep Learning through the use of the artificial neural network is proposed. The objective of this project was to determine the influence of a mobile application based on a Convolutional Neural Network for the diagnosis of Pneumonia, the project consists of the analysis of images of Chest X-rays with Pneumonia and Normal by means of an application developed called “Diagnost”. The study was carried out considering a control group and a study group formed by 33 medical staff members who used the application. The analysis of the data obtained was made based on the study of 3...
3
artículo
La tuberculosis es una enfermedad antigua y que actualmente sigue afectando a nivel mundial. Es la segunda enfermedad infecciosa más mortífera del mundo superada únicamente por la Covid, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Debido a esto, se propone un enfoque para la detección tuberculosis a través de imágenes de radiografías de tórax, aplicando dos modelos de Deep learning más utilizadas en la literatura: “Mobilenet” y “Resnet-50” y una “CNN sin arquitectura predefinida”. El enfoque se desarrolla en 4 fases: (1) Adquisición del dataset, (2) desarrollo de los modelos mencionados, (3) la evaluación del desempeño y (4) análisis de resultados. El dataset está conformado por 1,158 imágenes de radiografías de tórax clasificadas en dos clases: “Normal” y “Tuberculosis”. Los resultados evidenciaron que el modelo “Resnet-50” tuvo un mejor rendimi...
4
tesis de maestría
En este trabajo buscamos un método para diferenciar entre lluvias de partículas producidas por rayos cósmicos y por rayos gamma a energías de TeV, utilizando simulaciones CORSIKA. Este método intenta resolver el problema que existe en la búsqueda de señales de rayos gamma medidos por diversos experimentos frente a un fondo de flujo dominante de hadrones. Los resultados de este trabajo pueden aplicarse al estudio de Explosiones de Rayos Gamma (GRBs). Los GRBs emiten fotones muy energéticos, que al interactuar con la atmósfera terrestre, producen una gran cascada electromagnética de partículas secundarias, las cuales son detectables. El procedimiento sería simular eventos producidos por fotones, la señal, y protones, el fondo, que son las partículas más abundantes de los rayos cósmicos. Extraemos varios parámetros de los perfiles longitudinales de las lluvias de partícula...
5
tesis de maestría
En este trabajo buscamos un método para diferenciar entre lluvias de partículas producidas por rayos cósmicos y por rayos gamma a energías de TeV, utilizando simulaciones CORSIKA. Este método intenta resolver el problema que existe en la búsqueda de señales de rayos gamma medidos por diversos experimentos frente a un fondo de flujo dominante de hadrones. Los resultados de este trabajo pueden aplicarse al estudio de Explosiones de Rayos Gamma (GRBs). Los GRBs emiten fotones muy energéticos, que al interactuar con la atmósfera terrestre, producen una gran cascada electromagnética de partículas secundarias, las cuales son detectables. El procedimiento sería simular eventos producidos por fotones, la señal, y protones, el fondo, que son las partículas más abundantes de los rayos cósmicos. Extraemos varios parámetros de los perfiles longitudinales de las lluvias de partícula...
6
artículo
This qualitative research study describes and determines the level of success of veterinary enterprises in the district of El Agustino, Lima, Peru, in 2022. Two surveys were conducted, one for veterinary business owners and another for their clients. The first survey considered only businesses that employed veterinarians, excluding those devoted to pet grooming or selling accessories and food, commonly referred to as “pet shops.” The study’s independent variables include entrepreneurial attitude, which involves five factors (need for achievement, innovation, perceived internal control, self-esteem, and risk-taking), and production factors variable, which are work and capital. The dependent variable is business success, encompassing customer satisfaction and monthly business profits. Methodologically, six stages were employed to determine the success level of each veterinary busines...
7
tesis de grado
Una de las técnicas de renderización más populares es el Ray Tracing el cual se basa en el funcionamiento de la luz. Este método evalúa qué objetos de la escena son intersectados por los haces de luz para determinar si son visibles. Para optimizar esta búsqueda se utilizan estructuras de datos, las cuales encapsulan los objetos de las escenas acelerando la búsqueda de intersecciones entre objetos y los rayos de luz. Hacer uso de este método en escenas dinámicas, escenas en donde puede cambiar la posición o topología de los objetos, requiere que las estructuras tengan una construcción y un recorrido veloz. En consecuencia, nuevas propuestas basadas en las estructuras Bounding Volume Hierarchies (BVH) han sido presentadas, las cuales buscan disminuir el tiempo de construcción sin afectar el rendimiento en el recorrido. Sin embargo, existen pocos trabajos que comparen estas nu...
8
tesis de grado
Cosmic Rays have come to play an important role in understanding the universe, and astroparticle physics has undergone major developments in the last few decades. As such, several observatories have been set up with the purpose of detecting these particles, and simulation frameworks have been developed in order to further analyze their behavior by creating highly variable environments and parameters. This work covers the essential theory required to study propagation of Ultra- High-Energy Cosmic Rays restricted to linear one-dimensional propagation only; this includes the primary methods of energy loss during propagation, mainly through reactions with the photon background like photo-pion production and photo-disintegration, and additional cosmological effects. The study was done using the CRPropa 3.0 simulation framework. To determine the best possible maximum energy for the simulations...
9
tesis de grado
Cosmic Rays have come to play an important role in understanding the universe, and astroparticle physics has undergone major developments in the last few decades. As such, several observatories have been set up with the purpose of detecting these particles, and simulation frameworks have been developed in order to further analyze their behavior by creating highly variable environments and parameters. This work covers the essential theory required to study propagation of Ultra- High-Energy Cosmic Rays restricted to linear one-dimensional propagation only; this includes the primary methods of energy loss during propagation, mainly through reactions with the photon background like photo-pion production and photo-disintegration, and additional cosmological effects. The study was done using the CRPropa 3.0 simulation framework. To determine the best possible maximum energy for the simulations...
10
tesis doctoral
Descargue el texto completo en el repositorio institucional de la Communauté Université Grenoble Alpes: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02506388
11
artículo
Applying the analytical technique of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) the elemental composition of the film that coats gemfibrozil medicinal tablets has been determined. The respective EDXRF spectrum shows relatively intense characteristic K X-rays peaks of titanium about a hundred times more intense than the other X-ray peaks present in the spectrum. The quantitative analysis of this spectrum, based on the assumption that the material within the tablet in uniformly distributed, shows that the calculated amplitude of the K$_{\beta}$ X-rays of titanium is about 25\% larger than the recorded peak indicating that the titanium is distributed as a film. The literature gives reference to the application of titanium oxide for coating tablets. Based on this hypothesis the thickness of the TiO$_{2}$ oxide film is calculated to be 1.90 $\mu$m.
12
artículo
The aim of this study was to describe the radiological morphology of common opossum (Didelphis marsupialis), establishing the foundation for a correct manipulation and adequate clinical management. The individuals were captured with baited Tomahawk traps in the village of Santa Elena, municipality of Medellín, Colombia. The sex of the animals was identified and the possible presence of pups in the pouch was verified (animals with pups were released). An anesthetic protocol based on xylazine, tiletamine and zolazepam was used and the right lateral, dorsoventral and ventrodorsal X-rays were taken in the axial skeleton (skull, thorax, abdomen and pelvis) and medial-lateral, anteroposterior and dorsal, plantar and palmar in the appendicular skeleton. It was found coincidences with other marsupials in the presence of the ossa marsupialia or epipubic bone, the vertebral formula and the absenc...
13
artículo
The diagnostic medical practice using X-rays significantly contributes to the collective dose worldwide, where the inherent risk in each examination is proportional to the absorbed dose, which is related to deterministic and stochastic effects of ionizing radiation. Therefore, due to the necessity of optimizing each radiological procedure, this study aimed to reduce the absorbed dose in patients undergoing X-ray examinations by evaluating each parameter that modifies the spectral distribution. The Birch and Marshall method was employed to reconstruct and modify the X-ray spectra based on tube voltage, filtration, tube current, anode angle, and energy pass factor. By modifying these parameters, it was possible to reduce the absorbed dose in the patient’s skin by up to 38%. The proposed methodology is feasible for implementation in clinical centers, given the availability of copper filt...
14
artículo
Multilayers and superlattices consist of stacked thin films made of different materials, including magnetic and non-magnetic ones. These structures are used to produce electronic and spintronic sensors. Thin films are primarily grown using the sputtering technique. This study presents a superlattice with six stacks or periods (N=6) in the nanostructure: Glass/Ti(4.1 nm)/[Fe(2.3 nm)/Ti(1.8 nm)/Fe(2.3 nm)/Ti(4.1 nm)][6] grown by magnetron sputtering. The thickness and roughness of the sample were determined using low-angle X-ray reflectivity (XRR). In addition, a lamella was prepared using focused ion beam (FIB) for morphological analysis by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The values obtained from X-ray reflectivity were consistent with those obtained from HRTEM, allowing the growth process optimization of Fe/Ti thin films for the development of new kind of magnet...
15
artículo
The Pampa la Cruz archaeological site is located on a marine terrace, 200 meters from the coast of the Huanchaco district in the Trujillo city. Due to the importance of this archaeological complex, one of the great challenges is the study of its mural paintings and pigments for its preservation. Based on this perspective, the present investigation was developed with the purpose of studying and qualitatively and quantitatively determining the mineralogical composition of mural pigments by powder X-ray diraction and, in this way, determining the presence of degrading agents. The quantitative analysis was performed by the Rietveld method, in order to obtain information on the structural parameters and the weight percentage of each identied phase. The mineralogical  composition  of the pigments was determined, finding a high percentage of quartz, various clays as minor phases and h...
16
tesis de grado
El objetivo general de esta investigación y aplicación fue explicar a detalle la forma como una correcta gestión de inventarios en el almacén de productos terminados aporta en la reducción del tiempo de entrega de los pedidos, para lo cual se tomó como muestra las órdenes de venta de un periodo de tres meses donde primero se realizó una pre prueba evaluando el tiempo aproximado que demoran en las entregas en tiempo real teniendo como apoyo las fechas de las guías de remisión, luego se tomó otra prueba por el mismo periodo de tiempo en la cual se veían los efectos de la aplicación de la metodología con ayuda de observaciones diarias, de modo que se pudo comprobar estadísticamente el cumplimiento de las hipótesis alternas que se plantearon al inicio de la estructura de la investigación. Para llegar a la discusión de los resultados, cabe detallar que parte de la metodolog...
17
tesis de grado
La presente investigación titulada “Cultura tributaria y su incidencia en la rentabilidad de la empresa Inversiones Ray y Pool S.R.L., Chimbote 2019” tuvo como interés principal determinar la incidencia de la cultura tributaria sobre la rentabilidad de la empresa de abarrotes de la ciudad de Chimbote. La metodología empleada en la investigación fue de método cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada y de diseño transversal – propositivo. La población estuvo constituida por la empresa Inversiones Ray y Pool S.R.L. (1 gerente general, 1 contador, 1 cajero y 2 vendedores) y para la muestra se utilizó un muestreo intencionado por conveniencia que fue el área contable de la empresa. La técnica usada fue la entrevista y el instrumento utilizado para la recolección de datos fue la guía de entrevista, que fue aplicada a los encargados del área contable, y los análisis documentarios para...
18
artículo
The safety of the use of radiation in odontology must be guaranteed in order to avoid adverse effects to the health of dental staff and patients. The present study is a review of the literature on exposure to ionizing radiations and the advantages and properties which simple concrete and barite provide as shielding material in wall design and construction in areas of odontology in which X-rays are used. The general characteristics of X-rays which make them harmful to exposed workers and the general public are described. An attenuation coefficient is the fraction of an x-ray beam that is absorbed or scattered per unit thickness of the absorber. There is little information on this subject, however, it was found that both concrete and barite are able to block and reduce the intensity of radiation, with concrete acting as an absorbent to reduce the biological effects of radiation and barite ...
19
artículo
Muestras geológicas de arcilla del valle de Moche fueron investigadas con el objetivo de continuar elaborando una base de datos de arcillas que se pueda contrastar con la composición mineralógica de muestras arqueológicas. Un estudio de pigmentos blancos de mural, con fines de preservación y puesta en valor, forma parte de esta investigación. En ambos casos, el objetivo fue determinar cualitativa y cuantitativamente la composición mineralógica de los materiales, aplicando difracción de rayos X. Las medidas de difracción fueron analizadas por refinamiento Rietveld para determinar el porcentaje en peso de las fases previamente identificadas. De la identificación, las muestras geológicas de arcilla presentaron fases de cuarzo y diversas arcillas, particularmente la anortita como fase mayoritaria; también se identificó albita. La presencia de estas dos últimas fases podría se...
20
tesis de maestría
Tuberculosis is a leading killing disease worldwide with more than 9 million people a ected per year. Current diagnostic methods exhibit several disadvantages; one of the most promising alternatives to overcome this is the development of nanostructured diagnostic systems which are able to detect molecules associated with certain diseases. Graphene since its discovery has been the focus for the development of these sensing elements due to its excellent electronic properties. In this work, a graphene-based eld e ect transistor (FET) has been developed for tuberculosis DNA detection, in order to set the basis for a diagnostic method that overcomes current limitations. The sensing elements composed of graphene monolayers were manufactured in the stages of annealing of the substrate, addition of the linker and functionalization with the addition of a probe DNA for tuberculosis detection. Addi...