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1
artículo
Publicado 2011
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What is the rationale for the Peruvian Government's decision to sell to nationals and foreigners lots from 250 ha to 1,000 ha with a Base Price of US$ 4,250/ha? The largest lots of 1,000 ha are worth US$ 4,250,000 and the smallest of 250 ha is worth US$ 1,062,500. There is concern about the size of the lots and their price, which would prevent small and medium Peruvian farmers from accessing them. In total there are 51 lots with an area of 37,750 ha: 30 lots of 1,000 ha each; 10 lots of 500 ha each; and 11 lots of 250 ha each. The lot includes the property title and irrigation capacity, with a pressurized surface water allocation per lot: Average of 9,023 m3/ha gross/year or 10,400 m3/ha net/year.
2
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Avocado root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi is one of the main problems affecting avocado (Persea americana) cultivation in Peru, especially at the Chavimochic Irrigation Project. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different Trichoderma strains on the control of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Zutano rootstock under greenhouse conditions. Five isolates of Trichoderma were tested: Trichoderma sp. (Chav01); Trichoderma harzianum (Chavo2); Trichoderma harzianum (UNALM01); Trichoderma viride (UNALM02); and a commercial strain of Trichoderma sp. Evaluations were performed at 30, 45, and 60 days. All isolates colonized the rhizosphere of the avocado. No relation was found between the formation of more Trichoderma colonies and Phytophthora improved control. All strains controlled the root rot, but Chav01 and Chav02 showed the greatest diameter of stem, dry matter in the r...
3
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Under the current water crisis in agriculture, irrigation methods for saving and conserving water are necessary. However, these methods must guarantee an appropriate yield with a concomitant economic benefit and a reduced environmental impact. In this study, two irrigation thresholds for irrigation timing (IT) based on thermal imagery were analyzed with the UNICA potato variety in three trials under drip (DI) and furrow (FI) irrigation during 2017–2018 in Lima, Peru. The control (T1) remained at >70% of soil field capacity. For other treatments, thresholds were defined based on stomatal conductance at light saturation (T2: 0.15 and T3: 0.05 mol H2O m−2 s−1) and crop water stress index (T2: 0.4 and T3: 0.6) based on canopy temperature. An integrated index (IIN) was established for the valuation of treatments using the criteria of high fresh tuber yield (FTY) and a low total amount o...
4
artículo
Publicado 2017
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This study assesses the impact that public spending on irrigation has on households in the Peruvian highlands that hold cultivable land and practice agriculture on an independent basis. To this end, we calculated the budget executed for irrigation by central, regional, and local government between 2008 and 2010, which entailed crosschecking the Integrated Financial Administration (System de Administración Financiera, SIAF) database and the National Public Investment Project Bank (Banco de Proyectos del Sistema Nacional de Inversión Pública, SNIP) to adequately identify this expenditure. We applied the differences-in-differences method with control covariates, for which we constructed a pool of households taken from the National Household Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Hogares, Enaho) conducted by the National Institute of Statistics (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, INEI), us...
5
artículo
Publicado 2025
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MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
6
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Potatoes—a global food security and staple crop—is threatened by dry spells in drought-prone areas. The use of physiological thresholds to save water while maintaining a reasonable tuber yield has been proposed, but their effects on physiological performances and usefulness under different irrigation methods are yet to be evaluated. In this study, photosynthetic traits were monitored to assess the effect of water restriction and rewatering under drip (DI) and furrow (FI) irrigations. The treatments consisted of two maximum light-saturated stomatal conductance (g_) irrigation thresholds (T2: 0.15 and T3: 0.05 mol H2O m−2 s−1) compared with a fully irrigated control (g_ > 0.3 mol H2O m−2 s−1). DI used less water than FI but promoted early senescence and low percentage of maximum assimilation rate (PMA) at late developmental stages. FI caused no yield penalization in T2 and high...
7
artículo
Publicado 2025
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Heavy metal contamination in Andean agricultural systems is a growing concern for food safety and environmental health. This study assessed the concentrations and bioaccumulation patterns of eleven metals (Cd, Pb, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Hg, Mo) in seven representative crops cultivated under irrigated and rainfed conditions in the Mantaro Valley, central Peruvian Andes. Soil and foliar samples were collected from paired plots, and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were calculated to evaluate metal transfer to plant tissues. Irrigated soils showed higher and more homogeneous concentrations of Cd, Pb, and As, reflecting long-term accumulation from historical mining activities and irrigation with contaminated water from the Mantaro River. Foliar concentrations exceeded Codex Alimentarius limits for Cd, Pb, and As in several crops, especially potato and broad bean. BAF analyses revealed dist...
8
artículo
Publicado 2011
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The implementation phase of the plant and commencement of operations of the copper deposit Quellaveco 2015 has entered a relatively critical stage , because , should get the social license. An opponent citizen sector linked to the agricultural sector represented by the board of users Irrigation District Moquegua and leaders of the Front for the Defense of Moquegua and City Council District Torata question the environmental impact study and activities implemented by the company in the area where the site is located. The Regional Government has constituted a roundtable this year with participation of the National Government , Local Government , Civil Society and Mining Company , meetings leading to the making of a political and technical decision to fully resolve this project in terms of development and improvement in the quality of life of the population. On the other hand, the absence of...
9
artículo
Publicado 2011
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The implementation phase of the plant and commencement of operations of the copper deposit Quellaveco 2015 has entered a relatively critical stage , because , should get the social license. An opponent citizen sector linked to the agricultural sector represented by the board of users Irrigation District Moquegua and leaders of the Front for the Defense of Moquegua and City Council District Torata question the environmental impact study and activities implemented by the company in the area where the site is located. The Regional Government has constituted a roundtable this year with participation of the National Government , Local Government , Civil Society and Mining Company , meetings leading to the making of a political and technical decision to fully resolve this project in terms of development and improvement in the quality of life of the population. On the other hand, the absence of...
10
artículo
Publicado 2016
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Heritage conservation would be an incomplete act if it were not accompanied by the social and environmental activities of each place. The opening of the assets is the first step; its apprehension the second (that is, its “understanding”). This proposal chases after the proposal and development of a value enhancement project, which –after a multidisciplinary approach– allows the social use and value enhancement of an archaeological asset. This must be done in a way that recognizes and strengthens the endogenous values of the community that houses the project. As well, this project aims to achieve the rehabilitation of a system of irrigation terraces through restoration guidelines that generate dynamic economic principles. In turn, these can interact with a responsible tourism that generates dialogue, and protects and maintains. This way it can insert its community in value enhance...
11
artículo
Publicado 2016
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Heritage conservation would be an incomplete act if it were not accompanied by the social and environmental activities of each place. The opening of the assets is the first step; its apprehension the second (that is, its “understanding”). This proposal chases after the proposal and development of a value enhancement project, which –after a multidisciplinary approach– allows the social use and value enhancement of an archaeological asset. This must be done in a way that recognizes and strengthens the endogenous values of the community that houses the project. As well, this project aims to achieve the rehabilitation of a system of irrigation terraces through restoration guidelines that generate dynamic economic principles. In turn, these can interact with a responsible tourism that generates dialogue, and protects and maintains. This way it can insert its community in value enhance...
12
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Accurate determination of plant water status is mandatory to optimize irrigation scheduling and thus maximize yield. Infrared thermography (IRT) can be used as a proxy for detecting stomatal closure as a measure of plant water stress. In this study, an open-source software (Thermal Image Processor (TIPCIP)) that includes image processing techniques such as thermal-visible image segmentation and morphological operations was developed to estimate the crop water stress index (CWSI) in potato crops. Results were compared to the CWSI derived from thermocouples where a high correlation was found ( = 0.84). To evaluate the effectiveness of the software, two experiments were implemented. TIPCIP-based canopy temperature was used to estimate CWSI throughout the growing season, in a humid environment. Two treatments with different irrigation timings were established based on CWSI thresholds: 0.4 (T...
13
tesis de grado
Publicado 2023
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La presente investigación busca mostrar la reducción de costos al implementar la construcción de una poza de 540 m3, en la actividad de regado de vías de lixiviados, pad dinámico 7 y 8 actualmente activos en funcionamiento en la mina SUMMA GOLD CORPORATION y realizar una comparación con los costos actuales del regado. Los costos reales fueron tomados en campo mediante la observación directa y resúmenes diarios de control sobre el traslado de agua que realiza la empresa. Además, se realizó la identificación de los factores adversos, propios de un proyecto minero que afectan los rendimientos de la maquinaria. El resultado del estudio concluyó que el costo de riego de vías actualizado ascendió a un monto mensual total de $ 20 257.85, mientras que el costo mensual al implementar la poza de abastecimiento de agua alcanzó un total de $ 13 305.27, generando así un ahorro signifi...
14
tesis de grado
Publicado 2018
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El trabajo de investigación, denominado: “Mejoramiento del servicio de agua del sistema de riego del canal el milagro Km. 0+000 – Km 12+420.43, Distrito de Awajún, Provincia de Rioja, Región San Martín”, se realizó con la finalidad de efectuar un aporte técnico-científico para contribuir a determinar el mejoramiento del sistema de riego del canal el milagro. En el proyecto del sistema de riego, su principal importancia fue determinar las estrategias de funcionamiento del sistema de riego por gravedad(captación, conducción-canal abierto o a presión, regulación), por lo tanto, para desarrollar el planteamiento hidráulico del proyecto se tuvo que implementar los diseños de la infraestructura identificada en la etapa de campo; canales, obras de arte(acueductos, caídas, canoas, alcantarillas, tomas laterales, etc.),obras especiales (bocatomas, desarenadores, Aforadores, t...
15
artículo
Publicado 2018
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We find ourselves with a deficient use of drinking water, either due to waste or misuse. In the present project, the main problem found in the educational center was the use of potable water for the irrigation of the green garden and other green areas, for which the following alternative was implemented, which consists in the reuse of gray water obtained from the running laundries located outside the sanitary services through the implementation of a system which consists of a catchment, storage and sedimentation tank, filtration tank, storage tank for its later distribution for irrigation. The types of irrigation implemented are of the drip type and by gravity. The results obtained in this project were as expected, since irrigation was achieved efficiently with water that presents a lower degree of contamination when leaving the filtration tank.
16
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Investment decisions in public policies have been associated with a sectoral and services approach. Infrastructure and investment plans are usually linked to project portfolios in transportation, sanitation, education, health, irrigation, among others. However, the territorial approach in the preparation and management of projects has acquired greater relevance in government policies. For example, in investments in economic logistics corridor, in a drainage basin, in risk management against natural hazards, or in urban development and mobility. The fact is that decision-making is based on the analysis of a territory and all the multisectoral and socioeconomic dynamics that it implies. The investment, budget and planning systems have advanced significantly in the application of tools and methodologies. It remains to promote and advance on this path so that it can be expressed in the execu...
17
Publicado 2020
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El presente Informe de Ingeniería, se realizó con la aplicación de todas las teorías sobre parámetros hidrológicos y muy específicamente diseño hidráulico y estructural de Bocatomas y sistemas de riego. También la aplicación de criterios adquiridos en la ejecución de obras similares, cercana a la zona del proyecto. Para realizar el diseño de la Bocatoma que sirvan de almacenamiento del agua en épocas de sequía del río Huallaga en el Sector Tingo de Ponaza, Picota, se realizó un diagnóstico de la situación actual, donde se analizó diferentes factores que están produciendo la escasez de agua del sector en época de sequía. Para dar una solución definitiva al problema existente, se ha propuesto la construcción de la Bocatoma para el proyecto de irrigación Ponaza, que han sido proyectados teniendo en consideración la morfología actual de la orilla del cauce del rí...
18
tesis de grado
Publicado 2024
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En el presente trabajo de investigación se diseñó un sistema de bombeo solar para almacenamiento de agua en sistemas de riego en zonas agrícolas aisladas con ayuda del software PVsyst. En el área de estudio actualmente para el riego del limón utilizan motores de combustión interna, originando costos elevados de combustible, mantenimiento y operación, además generando emisiones de 2 provocando la contaminación ambiental. Ante lo mencionado surge la alternativa de la aplicación de la energía solar fotovoltaica para el riego y proyectándose hacia el futuro a cosechar también espárrago, palta y arándanos; para ello se realizó una evaluación de niveles de radiación solar utilizando el software RETScreen, Meteonorm, CropWat y mediciones in situ, obteniendo 5,80 ℎ/ 2/í correspondiente al mes de julio, mes más crítico del año. En el diseño también incluye cálculos de ...
19
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Canopy temperature (CT) as a surrogate of stomatal conductance has been highlighted as an essential physiological indicator for optimizing irrigation timing in potatoes. However, assessing how this trait could help improve yield prediction will help develop future decision support tools. In this study, the incorporation of CT minus air temperature (dT) in a simple ecophysiological model was analyzed in three trials between 2017 and 2018, testing three water treatments under drip (DI) and furrow (FI) irrigations. Water treatments consisted of control (irrigated until field capacity) and two-timing irrigation based on physiological thresholds (CT and stomatal conductance). Two model perspectives were implemented based on soil water balance (P1) and using dT as the penalizing factor (P2), affecting the biomass dynamics and radiation use efficiency parameters. One of the trials was used for ...
20
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Canopy temperature (CT) as a surrogate of stomatal conductance has been highlighted as an essential physiological indicator for optimizing irrigation timing in potatoes. However, assessing how this trait could help improve yield prediction will help develop future decision support tools. In this study, the incorporation of CT minus air temperature (dT) in a simple ecophysiological model was analyzed in three trials between 2017 and 2018, testing three water treatments under drip (DI) and furrow (FI) irrigations. Water treatments consisted of control (irrigated until field capacity) and two-timing irrigation based on physiological thresholds (CT and stomatal conductance). Two model perspectives were implemented based on soil water balance (P1) and using dT as the penalizing factor (P2), affecting the biomass dynamics and radiation use efficiency parameters. One of the trials was used for ...
