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1
artículo
The objective is to analyze the financial concepts that we work for the calculation of the periodic payments, as well as, to calculate the interest and the rates of the vehicular credit, in order to carry out this study, we extracted information from commercial intelligence portals, bank documents, theses and visited different banks located in metropolitan Lima, in this way, we had firsthand knowledge of the different options, modalities and facilities that we present each bank; with all the information obtained and we present here a calculation of the periodic payments and rates for vehicular credits.
2
artículo
Financial Mathematics has a wide field of application in all disciplines and especially in the economic and financial sector that involves the central variable of capital, expressed in money, which assumes different values over time according to an interest rate agreed by the parties, debtor and creditor. Financial Mathematics is a science of daily application in the life of individuals and companies, so it is essential to understand it thoroughly, because the mistakes made with them have a direct impact on the expected results. The study of financial mathematics will allow the user, professional or student, to acquire the necessary knowledge to understand the implications of the variations in the value of money over time.
3
artículo
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is suggested that life at high altitude may reduce COVID-19 infections and case-fatality rates (cases/deaths). We study data from Peru COVID-19 pandemics, which first case was recorded on March 6th, 2020. By June 13, 2020 there were 6498 deaths, and 224,132 SARS-CoV-2 positives. Using data from 185 capitals of provinces with altitudes ranging from 3 to 4342 m, we confirm previous reports that infection with COVID-19 at high altitude is reduced. However, case-fatality rate is not dependent of altitude. We have also presented first evidence that female protection towards death by COVID-19 is reduced as altitude of residence increases. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
4
artículo
Publicado 2011
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The dialectic of the tribute or contradiction in its abstract essence, could be formulated as follows: the tax presupposes private property, because only the owner may be taxed as real estate, personal property or of indefinite assets expressed in paper money is that the subject of "taxable event" but at the same time, it puts into question (and of course, limits and cuts in practice) the very core of private property, through which the institution of the tax exists and may continue exist. This reflection, developed at the philosophical level, we can perceive that the institution called the tribute is also of interest to those who move in this complex area. In our country, the Consolidated Text of the Tax Code, approved by Supreme Decree N º 135-99-EF (published on August 19 of 1,999) chose the tripartite classification for purposes of developing the concept of species tax is so, accord...
5
artículo
Publicado 2022
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What justifies charging interest rates? What are its costs and/or benefits? Are certain people justified in being assigned comparatively higher interest rates? What is the effect of state control of interest rates? What does it mean to apply significantly high limits?This round table responds to each of these questions and many more, setting up a controversial debate around this area of financial law.
6
artículo
Publicado 1968
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The urine of 500 children with various disease processes is studied. The samples were obtained directly, without using the catheter and the study of sediment, gram staining and quantitative culture was performed. Is proposed according to the distribution of bacterial counts , relating to the clinical picture and the study of sediment which significant bacteriuria horn to over 15,000 germs per ml is considered figures . According to this concept, of the 500 cases studied , 147 ( 29.4 %) were positive, with a greater incidence among newborns and infants s between school and pre - school . As for sex , between 0 and 2 years, the proportion of positivity was higher in men ; between 2 and 5 years , and was virtually unchanged between 5 and 12 years was higher in women. The most striking symptoms that prompted the request for examination , were fever , vomiting and diarrhea , which were more f...
7
artículo
Publicado 1942
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The author briefly summarizes the works of Cervelli and of Monge and Pesce on the variations of pulse rate in high altitudes. He then studies the respiration rate after effort at sea level and at high altitude on acclimated men. He classifies the results as normal, bradipneics and polipneics stating and explaining clearly the characteristics of each group, and establishing their percentages.The author studies also the pulse rate after effort, comparing his findings to those of Monge, and pointing out the relations between pulse rate and respiration rate after effort, at sea level and at high altitudes. He also makes determinations In 10 men, not acclimated to high altitudes, who made the Lima-Morococha-Huancayo trip. He studies the adaptation of the pulse and respiratory rate in rest, as well as after effort. He analyzes all these phenomena in the light of the modern views of Physiology,...
8
artículo
Publicado 2011
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The dialectic of the tribute or contradiction in its abstract essence, could be formulated as follows: the tax presupposes private property, because only the owner may be taxed as real estate, personal property or of indefinite assets expressed in paper money is that the subject of "taxable event" but at the same time, it puts into question (and of course, limits and cuts in practice) the very core of private property, through which the institution of the tax exists and may continue exist. This reflection, developed at the philosophical level, we can perceive that the institution called the tribute is also of interest to those who move in this complex area. In our country, the Consolidated Text of the Tax Code, approved by Supreme Decree N º 135-99-EF (published on August 19 of 1,999) chose the tripartite classification for purposes of developing the concept of species tax is so, accord...
9
artículo
Publicado 2022
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What justifies charging interest rates? What are its costs and/or benefits? Are certain people justified in being assigned comparatively higher interest rates? What is the effect of state control of interest rates? What does it mean to apply significantly high limits?This round table responds to each of these questions and many more, setting up a controversial debate around this area of financial law.
10
artículo
Publicado 1979
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Currently there is confusion about the role of interest rates, due in part to the inflationary process is given and it is relatively new to a country with little tradition of inflation. It says, for example, that the interest rate should not increase because of business failures would cause or that the interest rate should increase because it needs to encourage savings. This article aims to provide the framework for discussion relevant to analyze the economic policies that have been taken and to be taken in the future with respect to the interest rate.
11
artículo
Publicado 2023
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The Prices and Quotations Index (CPI) is an important element in the stock market activity within the Mexican market and abroad, since, with the issuance of it, it can generate attractiveness to invest in the Mexican stock market. The present research objective to determine if the variables exchange rate (TC), interbank interest rate of equilibrium 28 days (TIIE28) and the H1N1 pandemic, as a dummy variable, explain the behavior of the CPI, as well as under an empirical theoretical support. The period is from 2000-2023, with monthly data. To do this, the methodology to be followed was to apply growth rate to the variables to obtain stationarity; verify the unit root; using the econometric model of ordinary least squares (OLS) and; check the assumptions of linear regression (heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation and multicollinearity). The main econometric results are: the model is signific...
12
artículo
Publicado 2010
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Three major aspects are highlighted in international finance), international risks b) international opportunities and c) market imperfections. International risk-financial risks become relevant and insids them the risk of exchange rate that during the last years due to constant fluctuations of currencies like the U.S. dollar, Japanese yen, pound sterling and the euro have impacted economic and financial situation of enterprises. In recent years has been real important to strengthen the senior management in Risk Management. Organizations face a variety of risks and hazards of business are affecting the development, financial and operational, and beyond their operating risks, social, environmental, and ethical issues, which are increasingly global and complex product of the dynamic environment they are embedded. Therefore organizations should have been working to identify and prosecute the...
13
artículo
Publicado 2007
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A complex sample design is developed to estimate the radio audience rating through a Panel Survey applied five times a year. The purpose of this design is the inclusion of segmentation variables such as sex, age, and family category, which gives rise to a two-stage cluster sampling and different stratification variables. In the first stage, clusters of equal size of 150 dwellings each will be selected via stratified sampling; in the second stage, two dwellings will be selected for each cluster through simple random sampling.
14
artículo
Publicado 2010
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Three major aspects are highlighted in international finance), international risks b) international opportunities and c) market imperfections. International risk-financial risks become relevant and insids them the risk of exchange rate that during the last years due to constant fluctuations of currencies like the U.S. dollar, Japanese yen, pound sterling and the euro have impacted economic and financial situation of enterprises. In recent years has been real important to strengthen the senior management in Risk Management. Organizations face a variety of risks and hazards of business are affecting the development, financial and operational, and beyond their operating risks, social, environmental, and ethical issues, which are increasingly global and complex product of the dynamic environment they are embedded. Therefore organizations should have been working to identify and prosecute the...
15
artículo
Publicado 2017
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The bibliographycal review of indirect methods of assessment of adherence to therapeutic was performed, in order to publicize to health professional available strategies that can be helpful to achieve the effectiveness of prescribed treatment; whenever such methods are applicable in the clinical interview with patient in daily work, especially of physician.
16
documento de trabajo
Publicado 2016
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Hasta el momento la estimación de las tasas de descuento requeridos por los empresarios ha seguido siendo un misterio. Mongrut y Ramírez (2006) hicieron una contribución a esta zona por deducción del límite inferior tasa de descuento para un empresario no diversificada en un mercado emergente. Sin embargo, utilizaron una función de utilidad cuadrática, que no tiene supuestos deseables. Esta investigación extiende el trabajo previo mediante la derivación de las expresiones de las tasas de descuento utilizando un Hiperbólico Absoluto Aversión al Riesgo (HARA) función de utilidad que incluye la cuadrática y la formas logarítmicas como casos especiales. Por otra parte, también se asume el empresario con el bajo la aversión al riesgo que invierte casi todo su capital en su proyecto o empresa y cuyo nivel de la riqueza se acerca a cero. Uno encuentra que ambas expresiones depen...
17
documento de trabajo
Publicado 2006
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La estimación de la tasa de descuento para un proyecto de inversión se basa en dos supuestos: la existencia de un mercado completo y de inversionistas bien diversificados (BD). Si bien ambos supuestos son aceptables en mercados desarrollados, no son apropiados en mercados emergentes. En mercados emergentes no hay suficientes títulos gemelos para obtener un único factor de descuento estocástico y por lo tanto un solo valor de mercado para el proyecto que se evalúa. Además usualmente los inversionistas no se encuentran bien diversificados y no suelen utilizar mecanismos como el préstamo de acciones y las ventas a corto para realizar sus transacciones. En este trabajo se derivan dos expresiones matemáticas para estimar la tasa de descuento utilizando la ecuación fundamental de valoración en dos situaciones extremas: cuando los inversionistas poseen un portafolio de inversiones bi...
18
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The objective of the research is to highlight the importance of benchmark interest rate in the interbank market as a fundamental variable, which has an incidence in the level of investments in an economy; consequently, it would have a positive impact on the level of employment. The method used for the present investigation is the documentary review of the panel of the benchmark interest rates shown by several central banks in the world. As a result of this investigation, it is obtained that the monetary authorities, in several countries, manage the benchmark interest rate in times of crisis to encourage the dynamics of economic activity, especially the investment that companies could make in these circumstances. It is concluded that the benchmark rate or the benchmark interest rate is the main monetary policy instrument that most central reserve banks have. If the benchmark rate decrease...
19
artículo
Publicado 2024
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The flow of information arises every day through the internet continuously thanks to the constant interactions between users, these interactions are presented in comments that can be positive or negative. This can help a lot to the service offered by Amazon on their products to understand if this' in good condition or not, so that its users of the platform can be convinced when buying a product, and is that, if these are a large number, an analysis made by one person is not enough. This requires the use of tools that operate with large amounts of data such as (name of data processing), which is a model that helps the analysis of classification of comments based on what users express. In this paper we will use' this model for the classification of Amazon product reviews, rating these reviews based on their description. It will also make use of metrics and future suggestions for the propos...
20
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Purpose: This paper aims to examine the effect of both inflation rate and interest rate on stock prices using quarterly data on non-financial firms listed in DJIA30 and NASDAQ100 for the period 1999-2016. The stock duration model is used to measure the sensitivity in variations in inflation rates and interest rates on stock prices. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use standard statistical tools that include Johansen cointegration test, linearity, normality tests, cointegration regression, Granger causality and vector error correction model. Findings: The results of panel Johansen cointegration analysis show that cointegration exists between the stock prices, the changes in stock prices due to inflation rates and the changes in stock prices due to real interest rates. The results of cointegration regression show that inflation rates are negatively associated with stock prices, the...
