The six-minute walking test is a diagnostic and prognostic tool widely used in human medicine. However, to date there is no enough evidence in veterinary medicine to support its use in the same way. This study was conducted at 2600 meters above the sea level and included only healthy, young and acclimated dogs to generate averaged distances walked and to evaluate the impact of this test on some physiological variables. Distances walked were no very different to the average reported in other studies at the sea level. Nevertheless, a physiological variable such as heart rate had a different response. No comparable data in respiratory rate was found. The six-minute walk test is a repeatable test that can be used safely and reliably in canines at high-altitude so that it can be used as a prognostic test in the practice of small animals. This study aims to be the base for future attempts to e...

El estudio buscó establecer el efecto del sildenafil sobre la distancia recorrida en la prueba de marcha de seis minutos (6MWT) en caninos sanos y con hipertensión pulmonar (HP) sobre la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) y respiratoria (FR) en una zona de gran altitud (2650 m sobre el nivel del mar). Un grupo de nueve perros con diagnóstico de HP y otro de 10 perros clínicamente sanos hicieron la caminata en una pista plana de 30 metros, sin control de temperatura y humedad. Al finalizar se la prueba se les administró 1 mg/kg de sildenafil oral. Una hora después, se repitió la prueba. Antes y después de cada prueba se midió la FC y FR mediante auscultación. Los perros con HP caminaron 470 ± 122.6 y 407.8 ± 137.4 m antes y después de sildenafil, respectivamente (p=0.027). Asimismo, la FR fue más alta después de la prueba que antes de empezar (p<0.05). El grupo de caninos sanos ca...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the practice of dog Agility in high altitude (2550 m above the sea level) on heart rate and its variability. Ten Agility Border Collie dogs (Agility group) and ten sedentary Border Collie dogs (Sedentary group) were evaluated by electrocardiogram at baseline, warm-up, sub-maximal exercise (maximum speed of 5 km/h for 3 min) and rest in an electric treadmill. Heart rate was compared for all time points among groups. Heart rate variability was compared by frequency domain for baseline and at rest. The Agility group had lower heart rates at all time points (p<0.05) except at the beginning of the rest period. The agility group showed higher high frequency components at baseline and rest (p<0.05).

El estudio buscó establecer el efecto del sildenafil sobre la distancia recorrida en la prueba de marcha de seis minutos (6MWT) en caninos sanos y con hipertensión pulmonar (HP) sobre la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) y respiratoria (FR) en una zona de gran altitud (2650 m sobre el nivel del mar). Un grupo de nueve perros con diagnóstico de HP y otro de 10 perros clínicamente sanos hicieron la caminata en una pista plana de 30 metros, sin control de temperatura y humedad. Al finalizar se la prueba se les administró 1 mg/kg de sildenafil oral. Una hora después, se repitió la prueba. Antes y después de cada prueba se midió la FC y FR mediante auscultación. Los perros con HP caminaron 470 ± 122.6 y 407.8 ± 137.4 m antes y después de sildenafil, respectivamente (p=0.027). Asimismo, la FR fue más alta después de la prueba que antes de empezar (p<0.05). El grupo de caninos sanos ca...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de la práctica de Agility en caninos en zonas de gran altura (2650 msnm) sobre la frecuencia cardiaca y su variabilidad. Diez caninos Border Collie practicantes de Agility (grupo Agility) y diez caninos sedentarios de iguales características (grupo sedentario) fueron evaluados mediante electrocardiograma en reposo, calentamiento, ejercicio sub-máximo (velocidad máxima de 5 km/h por 3 min) y descanso en trotadora eléctrica. Se comparó la frecuencia cardiaca en reposo, calentamiento, máxima alcanzada, en descanso y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca mediante dominio de frecuencia en reposo y descanso. El grupo Agilitypresentó frecuencias cardiacas menores en todos los puntos de medición (p<0.05), excepto al comienzo del descanso. El grupo Agility presentó mayores componentes de alta frecuencia en reposo y ejercic...

The six-minute walking test is a diagnostic and prognostic tool widely used in human medicine. However, to date there is no enough evidence in veterinary medicine to support its use in the same way. This study was conducted at 2600 meters above the sea level and included only healthy, young and acclimated dogs to generate averaged distances walked and to evaluate the impact of this test on some physiological variables. Distances walked were no very different to the average reported in other studies at the sea level. Nevertheless, a physiological variable such as heart rate had a different response. No comparable data in respiratory rate was found. The six-minute walk test is a repeatable test that can be used safely and reliably in canines at high-altitude so that it can be used as a prognostic test in the practice of small animals. This study aims to be the base for future attempts to e...

This study aimed to determine possible significant variations in awake dogs in blood pressure between the four limbs, including the tail. The diastolic, systolic, and mean arterial pressures were taken using the SunTech Medical® equipment, using the oscillometry technique, in each of the limbs and the tail of 17 canine patients in a pet clinic in Bogotá, Colombia. No significant differences were found between the diastolic, systolic, and mean blood pressure values between each of the limbs and the tail.

En el presente estudio se buscó determinar si existe una variación significativa en perros despiertos entre la presión arterial entre los cuatro miembros, incluyendo la cola. Las presiones arteriales diastólica, sistólica y media fueron tomadas, utilizando el equipo SunTech Medical®, mediante la técnica de oscilometría, en cada uno de los miembros y la cola de 17 caninos pacientes de una clínica de pequeños animales en Bogotá, Colombia. No se encontró diferencias significativas entre los valores de la presión arterial diastólica, sistólica y media entre cada uno de los miembros y la cola.

Reference intervals (RI) of physiological parameters related to the acid-base equilibrium state were estimated from blood samples of 76 healthy mules at high altitude. The animals were at rest and subjected to the same diet. The data obtained were compared with those reported by various authors, finding closeness between the estimated RIs and those of the cited authors. It was concluded that the RI of mules and horses do not present great differences.  

Reference intervals (RI) of physiological parameters related to the acid-base equilibrium state were estimated from blood samples of 76 healthy mules at high altitude. The animals were at rest and subjected to the same diet. The data obtained were compared with those reported by various authors, finding closeness between the estimated RIs and those of the cited authors. It was concluded that the RI of mules and horses do not present great differences.  

The presence and duration of cardiac sounds is reported in 24 healthy equines from an area located at 2600 meters above sea level. The data was taken by phonocardiography directly on the precordial area. In all equines, sounds 1 and 2 were identified. Sound 4 was present in 87.5% of equines and sound 3 was detected only in 29.2% of individuals. The study shows the common presence of sound 4 in contrast to the low presentation of sound 3 in healthy horses.

The presence and duration of cardiac sounds is reported in 24 healthy equines from an area located at 2600 meters above sea level. The data was taken by phonocardiography directly on the precordial area. In all equines, sounds 1 and 2 were identified. Sound 4 was present in 87.5% of equines and sound 3 was detected only in 29.2% of individuals. The study shows the common presence of sound 4 in contrast to the low presentation of sound 3 in healthy horses.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the practice of the sport discipline of Agility at high altitude (2600 meters above sea level) on some electrocardiographic variables in Border Collie dogs at rest. Fifteen dogs (athlete group), belonging to different «Agility» teams from the city of Bogota D.C., Colombia and 16 Border Collie dogs, not trained in regular or athletic activities (non-athlete group) from the same city were evaluated. The electrocardiographic variables analyzed (5-min electrocardiography) were: spectral power density with high and low frequency components and LF/HF (sympathetic/vagal) balance. Within the time domain method, the mean RR (NN) and SDNN were determined. The duration of QRS and QT was corrected (QTc) and its variability by standard deviation (SDQT) was measured in 100 consecutive beats. Observation of the QT dispersion of each individual wa...

The study aimed to determine possible differences between the measurement of heart rate for times less than 60 seconds (30 and 15 seconds) in horses. For this, 37 healthy adult horses were evaluated, and heart rate measurement was performed using a stethoscope and a stopwatch, simultaneously by three people. Heart rates were taken by 15” (t15) for person 1; 30” (t30) for person 2 and 60” (t60) for person 3. The mean and standard deviation of the three measurements were determined and compared by analysis of variance. Differences were found between t15 and t60 and between t30 and t60 (p<0.001); but with differences between 2 and 2.5 seconds between measurement times. In conclusion, taking the heart rate measurement in less than a minute could generate under or overvaluations.

El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el efecto en reposo de algunas variables electrocardiográficas en perros Border Collie practicantes de la disciplina deportiva Agility en gran altitud (2600 msnm). Se evaluaron 15 perros (grupo atletas), pertenecientes a diferentes equipos de «agility» de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C., Colombia y 16 perros Border Collie no practicantes de actividades deportivas (grupo no atletas) de la misma ciudad. Las variables electrocardiográficas analizadas, en electrocardiografía de 5 min fueron: análisis de poder espectral con los componentes de alta y baja frecuencia y balance LF/ HF (simpático/vagal). Dentro del método de dominio de tiempo se determinó el promedio de RR (NN) y SDNN. En 100 latidos consecutivos se midió la duración de QRS y QT, corregido por la fórmula de Van de Water (QTcV) y hallada su variabilidad por desviación estándar (SDQT). Se...

The study aimed to determine possible differences between the measurement of heart rate for times less than 60 seconds (30 and 15 seconds) in horses. For this, 37 healthy adult horses were evaluated, and heart rate measurement was performed using a stethoscope and a stopwatch, simultaneously by three people. Heart rates were taken by 15” (t15) for person 1; 30” (t30) for person 2 and 60” (t60) for person 3. The mean and standard deviation of the three measurements were determined and compared by analysis of variance. Differences were found between t15 and t60 and between t30 and t60 (p<0.001); but with differences between 2 and 2.5 seconds between measurement times. In conclusion, taking the heart rate measurement in less than a minute could generate under or overvaluations.