El trabajo de investigación titulado “Virulencia de 06 haplotipos de pyricularia grisea, en 70 materiales genéticos de arroz (Oryza sativa), se desarrolló en los ambientes de investigación de la Estación Experimental Agraria – El Porvenir – INIA, el cual se encuentra ubicado en el Km 14,5 Carretera Sur “Fernando Belaunde Terry”, Distrito de Juan Guerra, Provincia y Región de San Martín, con el objetivo de determinar el espectro de virulencia de seis haplotipos de Pyricularia grisea de Perú e identificar el haplotipo más virulento de Pyricularia grisea - Linaje 8. El trabajo consistió en inocular individualmente seis haplotipos de P. grisea – Raza 8, en 70 genotipos de arroz (47 líneas diferenciales, 10 variedades colombianas, 11 variedades Peruanas y 03 líneas promisorias de arroz desarrolladas por el INIA – Perú), siguiendo el protocolo establecido por el CIAT...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue aislar y seleccionar bacterias endofíticas de arroz capaces de inhibir al fitopatógeno Burkholderia glumae THT, así como caracterizarlas por su genética y bioquímica. También se buscó caracterizar la diversidad genética y los factores de virulencia presentes en cepas de B. glumae y de Burkholderia gladioli, otro patógeno de arroz, aisladas de campo. Se colectaron plantas de arroz en 4 departamentos del norte de Perú, y tras la desinfección de tejidos se aislaron bacterias endofíticas por cultivo en agar soya tripticasa (30 °C; 48 h) y en medio selectivo (pH 4,5; 41 °C; 72 h). Se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana frente a B. glumae THT, la producción de sideróforos y la resistencia a la toxoflavina, toxina producida por este agente. La identificación molecular se realizó mediante BOX-PCR y secuenciación del gen 16S ARNr. Además, s...

Rice feeds more than 50% of the population worldwide, representing a great energy contribution in low-income families. The exaggerated use of synthetic chemical fertilizers to maintain high levels of yield causes alterations in the physical, chemical and biological quality of the soils. A sustainable alternative is the use of beneficial microorganisms that promote plant growth in crops. The objective of the study was to isolate and evaluate the Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) traits of rhizospheric rice bacteria in soils of the San Martin region, evaluate the effect of promoting growth in rice under pot experiments conditions and finally evaluate the effect of selected strains on the yield under different doses of nitrogen fertilizer under field conditions. Initially, 27 strains were selected for their diazotrophic characteristics and characterized by PGP traits. Through a multivariate anal...

This article presents a systematic review of the ecophysiological mechanisms underpinning the essential role of plant-growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) in improving rice yield and quality. The scientific literature is thoroughly reviewed, highlighting how PGPMs positively influence the growth, development, and health of rice plants. Key aspects, such as nitrogen fixation, nutrient solubilization, hormone production, and disease resistance induction, are emphasized. Additionally, technological advancements related to PGPM use are analyzed, including the identification of effective strains, the formulation of enhanced biofertilizers, and genetic engineering. The article concludes that PGPMs represent a promising tool with which to boost the sustainability and productivity of rice cultivation, providing a robust foundation for future research and practical applications in a field cruc...

Green manuring is an environmentally friendly technology aimed at providing nutrients to plants, enhancing soil fertility, mitigating soil degradation, controlling weeds and pests, and decreasing reliance on inorganic fertilizers. However, it requires dissemination and support to be adopted, especially in the poorest agricultural communities in Latin America. The study was conducted at the El Porvenir INIA in San Martín, Perú; it assessed two treatment sets: (1) green manure Crotalaria juncea (CroJ), Canavalia ensiforme (CanE), no green manure; and (2) nitrogen fertilizer dose (FN75, FN100). It was arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. During the experiment we detected an important fluctuation in soil parameters, however, it is the diminished levels of soil carbon and nitrogen, which were presumably the outcomes of microorganism processes. Otherwise, we observed that ...

The study was conducted in Juan Guerra district, province and region of San Martin, Peru; it assessed two treatment sets: (1) nitrogen fertilizer dose (FN75, FN100); (2) green manure Crotalaria juncea (CroJ), Canavalia ensiformis (CanE), and without green manure. It was arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. During the experiment, we observed an important fluctuation in soil parameters. Notably, there was a decrease in soil carbon and nitrogen levels, likely attributed to microorganism metabolism. On the other hand, we observed that CanE significantly reduced the diseased tillers through “White Leaf Virus” (RHBV) by 2.82% compared to the control, and significant panicle fertility was achieved by CroJ (91.88%). No significant differences were obtained in yields during this first campaign; however, the highest reported yield was 8.36 t ha-1 with the CanE - FN100 treatm...

Climate change is projected to increase global temperatures and alter rainfall patterns. In Peru, these changes could adversely affect the central basin of the Huallaga River by increasing pest and disease incidence, evapotranspiration, and water consumption. This basin is one of the country’s main rice-producing regions, where the crop is traditionally cultivated using inefficient practices, such as continuous flood irrigation. This study evaluated the effects of different irrigation management strategies on the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa var. INIA 516 LM1-La Union 23), the water footprint as an indicator of water use efficiency, and the incidence of pests and diseases associated with irrigation regimes. Three irrigation treatments were implemented: Traditional flooding T1 (maintenance of a 0.15 m water layer with replenishment every 4 days), Optimized flooding T2 (repleni...