The aim of this study was to morphologically characterize the pancreas of young (n=9) and adult (n=5) alpacas. In the macroscopic study, the pancreas was observed in situ to determine the shape and its relationship with other organs. In the microscopic study, routine histologic procedures were applied and histological sections of 5 μm thick were stained with Mayer-Eosin hematoxylin and Masson trichrome. The pancreas is divided in three sections: body, right lobe and left lobe which extend to the left plane, bordering the spleen and in greater proportion to the descendant colon. The hepatopancreatic duct presented two origins; one where the hepatic duct enters the pancreatic parenchyma and it leaves by the right lobe as the hepatopancreatic duct and another where the pancreatic duct joins with the hepatic duct as it emerges from the right lobe to form the hepatopancreatic duct. In the mi...

The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate gamma (PP) and delta cells in alpaca pancreas by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Samples were obtained from 30 alpacas from the southern highlands of Peru (crías, juveniles and adults). Histological sections of 5 μm thickness (3 per lobe and 2 of the body) were used. A commercial kit of IHC and polyclonal antibodies (anti-PP and anti-SSTR3) were used to identify PP and delta cells. Rat pancreas samples were used as positive controls. The intensity of the marking was qualitatively classified between 0 (no marking) and 3 (strong marking). PP cells were present in all age groups, mainly in the body and right lobe of the pancreas, being observed mainly in the periphery and intermediate zone of the islets with a medium and strong marking. Delta cells were present in both lobes until 4 months of age, without being observed in juveniles or adults...

The objective of this study was to identify and describe the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the anatomy of the pancreas of alpacas, both in the last third of the gestation and in the neonate (0-30 days). The study included three foetuses and 18 alpaca crias (0 days [3], 7 days [5], 15 days [5], and 30 days [5]). In the macroscopic analysis, the pancreas was observed in situ, including its ducts and its relationship with other organs, taking biometric measures (body length, height at withers, thoracic perimeter, and abdominal perimeter), as well as the weight of the individuals. Macroscopically, the pancreas is alike to that of adult alpacas. Microscopically, the pancreas presents a definite cellular cytoarchitecture, formed by tubular acinar of acidophilic cytoplasm, elongated of basal nuclei and irregular islets (in size and shape), as well as undifferentiated cell group...

This study describes the arteries that irrigate the pancreas and small intestine of the alpaca by dissection, angiography, vascular repletion and histology. Six alpacas were used, of which four were older than two years and two were four months old. Macroscopically, the pancreas was mainly irrigated by the pancreatic duodenal cranial and caudal arteries; in addition, branches from the hepatic artery, splenic artery and the branch of the first jejunal artery. These arteries and branches entered the pancreas (left, right and body portions) forming anastomosis in the form of nets, inside the parenchyma. Histological techniques showed that alpaca arteries have two layers, compact and spongy, forming the adventitia tunic of the duodenal cranial and caudal pancreatic arteries, celiac and cranial mesenteric arteries. The caudal duodenal pancreatic artery had the thickest compact adventitial lay...

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una caracterización morfológica del páncreas de alpacas jóvenes (n=9) y adultas (n=5). Para el estudio macroscópico se observó el páncreas in situ reconociendo su forma y relación con otros órganos. Para el estudio microscópico se realizaron cortes histológicos de 5 μm de espesor tiñendo las láminas con hematoxilina de Mayer-Eosina y tricrómico de Masson. El páncreas se divide en tres secciones: cuerpo, lóbulo derecho y lóbulo izquierdo. El lóbulo izquierdo se extiende hacia el plano izquierdo llegando a colindar con el bazo y en mayor proporción al colon descendente. El conducto hepatopancreático presentó dos orígenes: uno donde el conducto hepático se introduce en el parénquima pancreático y lo abandona por el lóbulo derecho como conducto hepatopancreático, y otro donde el conducto pancreático se une con el hepático...

The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate gamma (PP) and delta cells in alpaca pancreas by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Samples were obtained from 30 alpacas from the southern highlands of Peru (crías, juveniles and adults). Histological sections of 5 μm thickness (3 per lobe and 2 of the body) were used. A commercial kit of IHC and polyclonal antibodies (anti-PP and anti-SSTR3) were used to identify PP and delta cells. Rat pancreas samples were used as positive controls. The intensity of the marking was qualitatively classified between 0 (no marking) and 3 (strong marking). PP cells were present in all age groups, mainly in the body and right lobe of the pancreas, being observed mainly in the periphery and intermediate zone of the islets with a medium and strong marking. Delta cells were present in both lobes until 4 months of age, without being observed in juveniles or adults...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar y describir las características macroscópicas y microscópicas de la anatomía del páncreas de la alpaca, tanto en fetos del último tercio de gestación como en neonatos (0-30 días). Se estudiaron los páncreas de tres fetos del último tercio de gestación, y de crías de alpaca recién nacidas (n=3), de 0 días (n=5), 7 días (n=5), 15 días (n=5) y 30 días (n=5). En el estudio macroscópico se observó el páncreas in situ, sus conductos y su relación con otros órganos, tomándose medidas biométricas (longitud corporal, altura a la cruz, perímetro torácico y perímetro abdominal) y el peso de los individuos. Macroscópicamente, el páncreas es similar al de las alpacas adultas. Microscópicamente, el páncreas presenta una citoarquitectura celular definida, formada por acinos tubulares de citoplasma acidófilo, elongado, de...

This study describes the arteries that irrigate the pancreas and small intestine of the alpaca by dissection, angiography, vascular repletion and histology. Six alpacas were used, of which four were older than two years and two were four months old. Macroscopically, the pancreas was mainly irrigated by the pancreatic duodenal cranial and caudal arteries; in addition, branches from the hepatic artery, splenic artery and the branch of the first jejunal artery. These arteries and branches entered the pancreas (left, right and body portions) forming anastomosis in the form of nets, inside the parenchyma. Histological techniques showed that alpaca arteries have two layers, compact and spongy, forming the adventitia tunic of the duodenal cranial and caudal pancreatic arteries, celiac and cranial mesenteric arteries. The caudal duodenal pancreatic artery had the thickest compact adventitial lay...

The aim of this study was to morphologically characterize the pancreas of young (n=9) and adult (n=5) alpacas. In the macroscopic study, the pancreas was observed in situ to determine the shape and its relationship with other organs. In the microscopic study, routine histologic procedures were applied and histological sections of 5 µm thick were stained with Mayer-Eosin hematoxylin and Masson trichrome. The pancreas is divided in three sections: body, right lobe and left lobe which extend to the left plane, bordering the spleen and in greater proportion to the descendant colon. The hepatopancreatic duct presented two origins; one where the hepatic duct enters the pancreatic parenchyma and it leaves by the right lobe as the hepatopancreatic duct and another where the pancreatic duct joins with the hepatic duct as it emerges from the right lobe to form the hepatopancreatic duct. In the mi...

The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate gamma (PP) and delta cells in alpaca pancreas by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Samples were obtained from 30 alpacas from the southern highlands of Peru (crías, juveniles and adults). Histological sections of 5 µm thickness (3 per lobe and 2 of the body) were used. A commercial kit of IHC and polyclonal antibodies (anti-PP and anti SSTR3) were used to identify PP and delta cells. Rat pancreas samples were used as positive controls. The intensity of the marking was qualitatively classified between 0 (no marking) and 3 (strong marking). PP cells were present in all age groups, mainly in the body and right lobe of the pancreas, being observed mainly in the periphery and intermediate zone of the islets with a medium and strong marking. Delta cells were present in both lobes until 4 months of age, without being observed in juveniles or adults...