La aplicación exclusiva de fertilizantes sintéticos u orgánicos sigue generando polémica. La evidencia muestra que su aplicación conjunta puede mejorar la nutrición de los cultivos, evitar el uso excesivo de fertilizantes sintéticos y amortiguar su efecto contaminante en el suelo. Objetivo: Evaluar el uso de dosis de fertilización orgánica y mineral sobre el crecimiento y rendimiento del maíz amarillo duro Megahíbrido 619 INIA empleando un biofertilizante líquido derivado de la fermentación de residuos de camal. Metodología: Mediante un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 4x2, se ensayaron cuatro dosis de fertilización química NPK y la aplicación del biofertilizante. La fertilización mineral se fraccionó en dos partes, mientras que las aplicaciones del biofertilizante fermentado de residuos de camal se realizaron vía drench durante ...

Crop residue decomposition is fundamental for ecosystems, influencing carbon cycling, organic matter accumulation, and promoting plant development through nutrient release. Therefore, this study aimed to ascertain the rate of decomposition of four commonly cultivated crops (alfalfa, maize, avocado, and eucalyptus) along the northern coast of Lima (Huaral) and in the Ancash Mountain range (Jangas) areas. Decomposition rates were assessed using mass loss from decomposition bags measuring 15 × 10 cm, filled with 10–15 g of material tailored to each species, and buried at a depth of approximately 5 cm. Sampling occurred every three months over a year, totaling four sampling events with three replicates each, resulting in ninety-six experimental units. The findings demonstrate that the decomposition rates and the release of nutrients were markedly greater in Huaral for maize and avocado. I...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Suelos

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Suelos

El Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) pone a disposición el presente “Manual de encalado de suelos ácidos”, que está dirigido a agricultores, técnicos, investigadores y público en general, interesados en esta práctica útil para la gestión de la acidez del suelo.

The Peruvian Altiplano presents increasing fertility losses, being susceptible to natural erosion. For many years, conventional agricultural management has generated losses of the topsoil and deterioration of soil properties, impacting in crop yields and deepening the degradation of this vulnerable ecosystem. The aim of this research was to determine the benefits of cover crops against erosion, soil health and quinoa yield. The trial was carried out in Huancarani and Cahualla towns, Mañazo district, Puno; with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatments: without cover and with clover (Medicago hispida G.), vetch (Vicia villosa) and mulch covers. We evaluated the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of soil, the biomass of the cover crops and the quinoa yield. The results showed that the treatments with clover, mulch and vetch covers reduced soil erosion ...

Strawberry cultivation requires strategies that maintain or improve its yield within a scheme in which reducing fertilizers and other chemical products can make its consumption safer and more environmentally friendly. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Bacillus subtilis and Rhizophagus intraradices on strawberry growth, yield, and fruit quality. B. subtilis and R. intraradices were inoculated and co-inoculated under three fertilization levels of 225-100-250, 112-50-125, and 0-0-0 kg・ha−1 of N, P2O5 and K2O. Vegetative growth was evaluated in plant height (cm), leaf area (cm2), aerial fresh weight (g), aerial dry weight (g), and plant coverage (%) variables. Fruit quality parameters such as total acidity (g・100 mL−1), soluble solids (Brix◦), and firmness (kg) were also determined, as well as the number of fruits per m2 and yield (t・ha−1). The results showed that the p...

Strawberry cultivation requires strategies that maintain or improve its yield within a scheme in which reducing fertilizers and other chemical products can make its consumption safer and more environmentally friendly. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Bacillus subtilis and Rhizophagus intraradices on strawberry growth, yield, and fruit quality. B. subtilis and R. intraradices were inoculated and co-inoculated under three fertilization levels of 225-100-250, 112-50-125, and 0-0-0 kg・ha−1 of N, P2O5 and K2O. Vegetative growth was evaluated in plant height (cm), leaf area (cm2), aerial fresh weight (g), aerial dry weight (g), and plant coverage (%) variables. Fruit quality parameters such as total acidity (g・100 mL−1), soluble solids (Brix◦), and firmness (kg) were also determined, as well as the number of fruits per m2 and yield (t・ha−1). The results showed that the p...

El Altiplano peruano presenta pérdidas crecientes de fertilidad, siendo a su vez susceptible a una erosión natural. Durante muchos años, un manejo agrícola convencional ha generado pérdidas de la capa superficial del suelo y deterioro de sus propiedades, teniendo gran impacto en el rendimiento de los cultivos y profundizando la degradación de este ecosistema vulnerable. El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar el uso de cultivos de cobertura frente a la erosión, salud del suelo y rendimiento del cultivo de quinua. El ensayo se realizó en las localidades Huancarani y Cahualla, distrito Mañazo, provincia y región Puno. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar (DBCA) con cuatro tratamientos: sin cobertura y con coberturas de trébol (Medicago hispida G.), vicia (Vicia villosa) y mulch. Los resultados mostraron que la quinua asociada con coberturas d...

El presente manual titulado “Manual para el análisis de suelos agrícolas y agua para riego" describe los métodos de análisis de suelo y agua normalizados y aprobados internacionalmente, con el fin de contribuir con la mejora y fortalecimiento del sector agrario a nivel local, regional y nacional; y está dirigido al personal de servicios técnicos analíticos, productores, estudiantes e investigadores involucrados en la actividad agrícola.