Las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU) constituyen la segunda causa de enfermedades infecciosas en entornos comunitarios y hospitalarios, siendo más frecuentes en mujeres que en hombres. Escherichia coli uropatógena (UPEC, por sus siglas en inglés) coloniza el tracto urogenital y es responsable del 70-90 % de las ITU comunitarias (ITUc) y del 50 % de las ITU hospitalarias (ITUh). Además, esta cepa está incluida en la lista de enterobacterias multidrogoresistentes (MDR) de prioridad crítica, debido a su resistencia a cefalosporinas y carbapenémicos, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Esto representa un grave problema de salud pública tanto para Perú como para el mundo. En el primer artículo se aborda la creciente preocupación por las enterobacterias multidrogoresistentes (MDR) y productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) en pacientes ambulator...

Objetivo: caracterizar fenotípica y genotípicamente, así como determinar la prevalencia, de genes de resistencia a betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE), AMPc y carbapenemasas en aislamientos de bacterias gramnegativas obtenidos de pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en cinco centros de salud en Perú. Materiales y métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, analizando 78 aislamientos bacterianos de pacientes con COVID-19 recolectados durante el 2020. La identificación bacteriana y la interpretación de los perfiles de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana se realizaron mediante el sistema MicroScan®. La detección de los genes de resistencia blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaAmpC, blaKPC, blaIMP y blaNDM se efectuó mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Resultados: de los aislamientos bacterianos analizados, 49 (62,83%) correspondieron a enterobac...

Carta al editor (sin resumen)

Objective: Determine the distribution of the RS5522 polymorphism of the mineralocorticoid receptor gene NR3C2 according to its origin and altitude in Peruvian populations. Materials and methods: After signing the informed consent, adults from Lima (22), Ica-Chincha (14), Lambayeque-San José (16) participated; Puno-Uros (10), Puno-Taquile (6), Puno-Amantani (6), Arequipa-Chivay (10), Arequipa-Cabanaconde (6), Ancash-Parobamba (20), Apurímac-Andahuaylas (10), Apurímac-Abancay (10), Cajamarca-Puentecillos (13), Cajamarca-Ichocan (7), Loreto-Andoas (16), and San Martín-Lamas (22). Epidemiological and geographical data, biological blood sample and/or oral swab were collected. DNA extraction was performed using a standard technique. The determination of the RS5522 polymorphism was by real-time PCR. Variables were categorized by origin, geographic region (coast, mountains or jungle), and al...

Estudia las cepas de Escherichia coli productoras de BLEE asociadas a la infección de tracto urinario ITUs en el área de Lima metropolitana. Determina la prevalencia y los perfiles de resistencia antimicrobiana. Caracteriza genéticamente las cepas de Escherichia coli uropatogénicas productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido causantes de infecciones urinarias comunitarias.

It is known that there is a great variety of extensive and diverse populations of bacteria, viruses and fungi occupying every surface of the body. It is estimated that there are almost 30 trillion bacterial cells living inside each human being, and there is a 100 times higher genetic diversity of bacteria, which encodes metabolic capabilities that influence their microbial ecosystem and the tissue-specific immune system of the organism. Guest. These microbes are known collectively as the human microbiota, while the set of microorganisms, genes and metabolites that inhabit a certain place are known as the microbiome.

Background: The Intestinal Microbiota (IM) of the preterm newborn (RNP) is modified by factors such as hospitalization, antibiotics, postnatal nutrition, among others. The study: Observational - longitudinal research with the objective of analyzing the changes in MI promoted by the type of breastfeeding received in neonates <37 weeks of gestational age. Samples of 23 neonates hospitalized in the Intensive Care Units (NICU) and Neonatology were analyzed. Findings: No significant difference was found in the development of IM with respect to the type of feeding, however a different trend was observed among the neonates fed with Human Milk (HL) that increased the amount of Lactococcus and Clostridium while they decreased Lactobacillus, opposite to the group fed with Mixed Lactation (BF) that increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased Lactococcus and Clostridium; Conclusion: It...

The present study establishes the degree of influence of the vegetarian and carnivore diets on the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of students of human medicine of the Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, 2018. The goal was to find out if people who follow a vegetarian or carnivore diet are deficient in hematocrit and hemoglobin. Out of the vegetarians, 23 followed different types of vegetarianism. The following ranges were considered: hemoglobin (12 - 16 g/dL) and hematocrit (36 - 48 %). It is concluded that, regarding the diet and hemoglobin/hematocrit levels, most respondents show normal ranges, and people who follow a vegetarian diet do not present highly-deficient hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, and have a better nutritional level than those who follow a carnivore diet.

Objective: Mutations in the ABCB1 gene have an impact on the response to various drugs and may be associated with the development of neoplasms. This study explores and compares the frequency distribution of the 1236T>C polymorphism in theABCB1 gene among nine Peruvian populations from different geographical origins and altitudes, as well as the genotype/allele frequencies reported in populations from various continents worldwide. Materials and methods: Sampling was carried out in the following departments and localities: Lima (n = 8), Loreto–Andoas (n = 16), San Martín–Lamas (n = 16), Puno–Uros (n = 7), Puno–Taquile (n = 5), Arequipa–Chivay (n = 10), Arequipa–Cabanaconde (n = 6), Ancash–Parobamba (n = 10), and Apurímac–Andahuaylas (n = 10). Biological samples (peripheral blood and/or epithelial cells) were collected via buccal swabs. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was e...

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest threats to public health, and hospital wastewater effluents are an important source of transmission for resistant pathogens. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, AmpC, and carbapenemases in hospital effluents from three regions of Peru. Bacteria were collected and characterized from nine hospitals using chromogenic media and an automated microbiology system. Conventional PCR was also used to identify resistance genes for beta-lactamases, such as blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaAmpC, and carbapenemases like KPC, NDM, and IMP. Fifty-five isolates were identified from various healthcare centers, with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes, such as blaTEM, found. In level II2 hospitals, the KPC resistance gene was found, particularly in the Regional H...