Comprende las percepciones, aspiraciones y retos sobre la alimentación saludable que tienen las madres de bajo nivel socioeconómico con hijos preescolares del distrito de Villa María del Triunfo. Utiliza un enfoque cualitativo y el método de teoría fundamentada. Participan 30 madres con hijos en edad preescolar de bajo nivel socio-económico, en 11 entrevistas a profundidad y 4 grupos focales, todas de un programa no escolarizado de educación inicial de la comunidad Virgen de la Calendaria. Investiga las categorías de percepciones, aspiraciones y retos en torno a la alimentación del preescolar. Los datos fueron analizados con el software Atlas.ti v.7. Obtiene los siguientes resultados: la edad promedio de las madres es de 30 años, el 56% tiene educación primaria o secundaria incompleta, promedio de estudios 7,9±3,3 años y el gasto diario es menor a 20 nuevos soles. Las percep...

En la actualidad, es muy común encontrar una farmacia o botica en casi cada esquina, cerca de un mercado o una zona comercial pequeña. En aquellos lugares se expenden productos farmacéuticos, los cuales se pueden dividir en dos clases: los comerciales y los genéricos. Los medicamentos llamados genéricos son aquellos que contienen la sustancia o principio activo y que provienen de un laboratorio autorizado (nacional o extranjero). En cambio, los productos comerciales, también denominados de marca, llevan el mismo ingrediente principal, aunque –según el fabricante– los posibles efectos secundarios son menores que los primeros y se elaboran en laboratorios que utilizan fórmulas patentadas. Por su parte, la Digemid (Dirección General de Medicamentos, Insumos y Drogas) afirma que la única diferencia entre estos medicamentos radica en el precio, porque tanto el medicamento comerc...

Introduction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem characterized by a persistent and progressive deterioration of kidney function. In advanced stage, renal replacement therapy is necessary, which triggers a series of metabolic and nutritional disorders. Objective. To determine the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with terminal chronic kidney disease treated at a national hospital in Lima, Peru. Method. A descriptive study was carried out in patients with CKD, through interviews and anthropometric measurements. The malnutrition and inflammation score (MIS) was used to assess nutritional status. Results. 155 patients with terminal CKD were evaluated, 106 (68.4%) were men. The prevalence of malnutrition was 36%; and for the protein-energy wasting syndrome it was 74%. Conclusions. A considerable percentage of malnourished patients was found, which could be the...

Introduction. The Peruvian population is aging and this is associated with the deterioration of health. This process can be slowed or accelerated depending on the nutritional status. Objectives. To determine the factors associated with nutritional status and nutritional risk in a group of older adults. Methods. 265 older adults, free of cognitive impairment and able to communicate, were surveyed, cared for in primary care centers. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) test was applied and weight, height, arm, and calf circumference were measured. According to the score, the categories of the MNA were: ‘malnourished’ <17, at ‘risk of malnutrition’ between 17 - 23.5; > 23.5 ‘normal’. The nutritional status was also evaluated according to body mass index (BMI) with different cut-off points. Results. 79% of the respondents were women; 46% were between 70 and 79 years old. A...

Exposure to television advertising promoting unhealthy food consumption may increase overweight and obesity risk in children. Objectives: To determine the influence of Peruvian television advertising and consumption of unhealthy foods in 4th to 6th grade children. Design: Descriptive cross-association. Setting: Educational Institution No. 7072, Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru. Participants: Schoolchildren aged 9 to 12 years. Interventions: Two previously validated tests were applied to 120 students of both sexes who attended classes and whose parents had signed informed consent. Main outcome measures: Time watching TV and unhealthy food consumption. Results: Students watched TV more than 7 hours per day (DS 1.17) average. Most popular programs were those directed to over 14 year-old public. Most unhealthy foods advertised and purchased were biscuits and sugary drinks. Significant associati...

In learning Pharmacotherapy Follow up (PF), an aspect is to assess correctly the clinical patient data and consuming drugs, and applying the "Evidence Based Medicine" (EBM), it is achieved that every decision to take, be supported by research that proves to be the most appropriate from the perspective of rationality. The aim of this study was to improve the skills of undergraduate students in the Pharmacotherapy Follow up, in the search for scientific drug information using the EBM. It is a quasi-experimental, prospective, longitudinal analytical design, developed in two stages: first with the traditional methodology and then with the EBM, structuring clinical questions through the PICO strategy. With the EBM were recovered 74% of literatures higher quality of evidence (meta-analysis, clinical trials, cohort studies, case series, expert opinion), against to recoveries with the traditiona...

En el aprendizaje del Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico (SFT), uno de los aspectos es evaluar en forma correcta los datos clínicos del paciente y los medicamentos que consume, y se logre que cada decisión a tomar, sea sustentada por una investigación que demuestre ser la más adecuada desde una perspectiva de racionalidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la mejora de las competencias de los estudiantes de pre-grado en el Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico, en la búsqueda de información científica de medicamentos aplicando la MBE. Se aplicó un diseño analítico, cuasi-experimental, prospectivo, longitudinal desarrollado en dos etapas: primero con la metodología tradicional y luego con la MBE, estructurando preguntas clínicas mediante la estrategia PICO. Con la MBE se recuperaron 74% de literaturas de mayor calidad de evidencia (metanálisis, ensayos clínicos, estudios de ...

Objective. To determine the cardiovascular risk factors in overweight schoolchildren and to measure their association with sociodemographic variables. Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical study. 2001 female schoolchildren from 6 to 17 years of age from an Educational Center in Metropolitan Lima were surveyed. The Body Mass Index was used for the diagnosis of excess weight (overweight between 85 and 95p and obesity ≥ 95p) and the Waist Circumference for abdominal obesity (≥ 90p). HOMA-I for insulin resistance (≥ 3,16) and for lipid abnormalities: total cholesterol (≥ 200 mg / dL), low HDL-C (≤ 40 mg/dL), high LDL-C (≥ 130 mg / dL), non-HDL C (≥ 145 mg / dL) and triglycerides (≥ 100 and 130 mg / dL) for girls younger than 9 and 10 to 19 years old, respectively. Results: Excess weight occurred mainly in schoolgirls aged 10 to 17 years,...