Breast surgery is performed to achieve local control in patients with breast cancer. Visualization of the anatomy with a virtual reality software platform reconstructed from magnetic resonance imaging data improves surgical planning with regards to volume and localization of the tumor, lymph nodes, blood vessels, and surrounding tissue to perform oncoplastic tissue rearrangement. We report the use and advantages of virtual reality added to the magnetic resonance imaging assessment in a 36-year-old woman with breast cancer who underwent nipple sparing mastectomy with tissue expander reconstruction

“Objectives: We aimed to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of Peruvian military personnel diagnosed with HIV. Furthermore, we determined the frequency of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) adherence, the complications and mortality. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with HIV, confirmed by Western blot at a single institution from 1989-2020. Descriptive analyses were performed for all the variables using mean and standard deviation (SD) in the case of quantitative variables, and frequency and percentage for qualitative variables. Results:Ofthe 161 patients included, 95.7% were males and the mean age was 39.59 years (SD= 16.45 years). Most had college or higher education (67.7%) and were on active duty at diagnosis (77%). 35.4% had AIDS at diagnosis; 28.6% opportunistic infections; and 8.1% tube...

“Objectives: We aimed to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of Peruvian military personnel diagnosed with HIV. Furthermore, we determined the frequency of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) adherence, the complications and mortality. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with HIV, confirmed by Western blot at a single institution from 1989-2020. Descriptive analyses were performed for all the variables using mean and standard deviation (SD) in the case of quantitative variables, and frequency and percentage for qualitative variables. Results:Ofthe 161 patients included, 95.7% were males and the mean age was 39.59 years (SD= 16.45 years). Most had college or higher education (67.7%) and were on active duty at diagnosis (77%). 35.4% had AIDS at diagnosis; 28.6% opportunistic infections; and 8.1% tube...

Breast surgery is performed to achieve local control in patients with breast cancer. Visualization of the anatomy with a virtual reality software platform reconstructed from magnetic resonance imaging data improves surgical planning with regards to volume and localization of the tumor, lymph nodes, blood vessels, and surrounding tissue to perform oncoplastic tissue rearrangement. We report the use and advantages of virtual reality added to the magnetic resonance imaging assessment in a 36-year-old woman with breast cancer who underwent nipple sparing mastectomy with tissue expander reconstruction.

Background: There have been conflicting studies reporting on survival advantages between breast-conserving surgery with radiotherapy (BCS) in comparison with mastectomy. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of BCS and mastectomy in terms of overall survival (OS) comparing all past published studies. Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of literature through October 2021 in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE. The studies included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohorts that compare BCS versus mastectomy. We excluded studies that included male sex, stage 0, distant metastasis at diagnosis, bilateral synchronous cancer, neoadjuvant radiation/chemotherapy, and articles with incomplete data. We performed a meta-analysis following the random-effect model with the inverse variance method. Results: From 18,997 publications, a total of 30 studies were included in the final analysis: 6...

Objective: Gallbladder cancer is a relatively uncommon neoplasm of the biliary system, characterized by a notably high mortality rate. Thisstudy aimed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in Peruvian patients undergoing surgery for gallbladder cancer. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohortstudy of patientswith gallbladder carcinoma who underwent surgery at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas between 2000 and 2020. OS was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and prognostic factors were identified using Cox proportional hazardsregressionmodels. Results: A total of 64 patientswere included. Themedian agewas 62 years, and 75%were female.Most patientswere diagnosed at stage T3 (37.5%), and 25% had M1 stage disease. Additionally, 51.6% of tumors were moderately differentiated, and 71.9% were of the adenocarcinoma histologic subtype. ...

El cáncer de mama triple negativo (CMTN), tiene una alta heterogeneidad y pobre pronóstico. Algunos estudios han reportado diferencias en prevalencia y pronóstico de acuerdo a la población. En efecto, los latinos y afroamericanos tienen un alto porcentaje de este subtipo de cáncer de mama. El objetivo fue determinar los factores pronósticos demográficos, clínico-patológicos y terapéuticos de recurrencia loco-regional, a distancia y de mortalidad de pacientes peruanos con CMTN que fueron a cirugía como primera alternativa.

El propósito de este estudio fue describir las características de la enfermedad por citomegalovirus (CMV) en pacientes que recibieron trasplante de corazón, revisar la presentación clínica y el tratamiento farmacológico de los pacientes que desarrollaron la enfermedad por CMV, en Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular (INCOR), en Lima, que es un centro de trasplante cardíaco en Perú.

Se presenta el primer reporte de caso pediátrico de enfermedad por citomegalovirus resistente a ganciclovir y valganciclovir postrasplante cardiaco en un hospital público peruano, con una presentación inusual. La resistencia a estos fármacos fue evidente luego de 277 días de evolución de la enfermedad, ante la no remisión de la sintomatología y la persistencia de una carga viral elevada. La posterior administración de foscarnet condujo a una mejora clínica y de laboratorio, hasta la remisión de la enfermedad.

“Objective: We aimed to identify factors associated with severe accidental burns in patients ≤12 years old. Materials and methods: We conducted a matched case-control study, in which we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children treated in a single institution from 2014-2016. We classified the cases (patients with severe burns) and controls (patients with non-severe burns) according to the criteria of the American Burn Association. We used multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis to identify the relationship between the etiology of burns and their severity. Results: We reviewed 180 cases and 90 controls. The most common etiology of burns was boiling water in both cases (65.6%) and controls (83.3%). Most burns occurred inside the home (84.1%) and in the afternoon (37.4%). Multivariate analysis identified that severe burns were mainly due to exposure to fire ...

“Objective: We aimed to identify factors associated with severe accidental burns in patients ≤12 years old. Materials and methods: We conducted a matched case-control study, in which we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children treated in a single institution from 2014-2016. We classified the cases (patients with severe burns) and controls (patients with non-severe burns) according to the criteria of the American Burn Association. We used multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis to identify the relationship between the etiology of burns and their severity. Results: We reviewed 180 cases and 90 controls. The most common etiology of burns was boiling water in both cases (65.6%) and controls (83.3%). Most burns occurred inside the home (84.1%) and in the afternoon (37.4%). Multivariate analysis identified that severe burns were mainly due to exposure to fire ...

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has demonstrated promising outcomes in plastic surgery. Our aim was to assess the effect of TXA in intraoperative bleeding, operative time, and complications among patients undergoing facial surgical procedures. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent multiplane facial rhytidectomy from January 2018 to September 2022 at the Clinica Ziegler, Lima, Peru. Patients were divided into two groups according to the use of intravenous plus local infiltration of TXA. We performed the chi square test to assess associations among categorical variables, the Student t test and Mann-Whitney U test for categorical with continuous variables, and Pearson correlation for quantitative variables. Results: A total of 100 patients were included with 50 patients in each group. The median age was 59.5 years and the majority were women (88%). The median ope...

“Background The incidence of kidney cancer has been increasing worldwide, with variable patterns in mortality due to improved diagnostic techniques and increased survival. The mortality rates, geographical distribution and trends of kidney cancer in South America remain poorly explored. This study aims to illustrate mortality by kidney cancer in Peru. Methods A secondary data analysis of the Deceased Registry of the Peruvian Ministry of Health database, from 2008 to 2019 was conducted. Data for kidney cancer deaths were collected from health facilities distributed throughout the country. We estimated age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) per 100,000 persons and provided an overview of trends from 2008 to 2019. A cluster map shows the relationships among 3 regions. Results A total of 4221 deaths by kidney cancer were reported in Peru between 2008 and 2019. ASMR for Peruvian men ranged...

Background The incidence of kidney cancer has been increasing worldwide, with variable patterns in mortality due to improved diagnostic techniques and increased survival. The mortality rates, geographical distribution and trends of kidney cancer in South America remain poorly explored. This study aims to illustrate mortality by kidney cancer in Peru. Methods A secondary data analysis of the Deceased Registry of the Peruvian Ministry of Health database, from 2008 to 2019 was conducted. Data for kidney cancer deaths were collected from health facilities distributed throughout the country. We estimated age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) per 100,000 persons and provided an overview of trends from 2008 to 2019. A cluster map shows the relationships among 3 regions. Results A total of 4221 deaths by kidney cancer were reported in Peru between 2008 and 2019. ASMR for Peruvian men ranged fr...

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Introduction: Breast pathology is a very common reason for medical attention. Tissue diagnosis is usually obtained with core needle biopsy which could be performed by breast surgeons or interventional radiologists. Our aim was to assess the comparison of diagnostic performance between the two services. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on patients who had breast pathology at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas in 2019. Descriptive analyses, sensitivity and specificity were calculated using the R program version 4.2.3. Results: From 1,082 patients with breast tumours who underwent core needle biopsy (CNB) during 2019, 782 cases were included. Breast surgeons performed 462 CNBs and radiologists performed 320 CNBs. The 87.5% were palpable tumours and 525 breast carcinomas were identified in the final pathology. The diagnostic performa...

Introduction: The worldwide incidence of melanoma has increased in the last 40 years. Our aim was to describe the clinic-pathological characteristics and outcomes of three cohorts of patients diagnosed with melanoma in a Latin-American cancer institute during the last 20 years. Methods: We evaluated three retrospective patient cohorts diagnosed with melanoma at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas (INEN), a public hospital in Lima, Peru, for the years 2005–2006, 2010–2011, and 2017–2018. Survival rate differences were assessed using the Log-rank test. Results: Overall, 584 patients were included (only trunk and extremities); 51% were male, the mean age was 61 (3–97) years, and 48% of patients resided in rural areas. The mean time to diagnosis was 22.6 months, and the mean Breslow thickness was 7.4 mm (T4). Lower extremity was the most common location (72%). A majority o...

n the original online version of this article Luis Piedra‑Delgado's affiliation was incorrect. It is correct as reflected here. The original article was corrected.

Background: Breast cancer is an important cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide and represents the second most frequent cause of brain metastases after lung cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with brain metastasis (BM). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a cohort of patients diagnosed with TNBC at the "Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas" (period 2000-2014) to evaluate patients who developed BM. Survival rates were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were identified with the Cox regression analysis. Results: Of a total of 2007 TNBC patients, 193 (9.62%) developed BM. Of these, 169 stages I-III patients with a median age of 45 years (range:21-78) were included. The stage in this cohort was 4 (2.4%) clinical stage (CS) I, 23 (13.6%) with CS II and 14...