The aim of this study was to determine the degradability of the association of forages and crop residues commonly used to feed cattle in the Huancavelica Region. The forage associations were white clover-Italian ryegrass and red clover-dactylis, while the harvest residues were maize, oat straw, peas, beans and quinoa. For the determination of the degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF), three rumen fistulated Brown Swiss cattle were used. Samples of forages and harvest residues were placed in nylon bags and incubated for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Time zero (t0) was used for the calculation of the soluble fraction. The DM, CP and NDF degradability were influenced by forages and crop residues (p<0.05). The greater potential degradability of the DM and CP, and effective degradability of the DM, CP and NDF give the white clover-Itali...

The aim of this study was to determine the kinetic parameters of in situ degradation of dry matter (MS), crude protein (PC) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of four single or mixed forages: 1) alfalfa; 2) alfalfa-red clover; 3) alfalfa-dactylis; 4) oats, and two concentrates: cotton paste and ground barley, as well the estimation of the DM consumption of these forages using three cattle with ruminal fistula. Five grams of sample were incubated for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours for forages and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours for concentrates. The zero time (t0) was used to calculate the soluble fraction. The potential and effective degradability at the 2, 5 and 8%/h passages rates of the MS, PC and NDF were different for forages and concentrates. The constant degradation rates (c) of the PC of the association alfalfa-dactylis, oats (fodder), cotton paste and ground barley indicate that ...

The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic correlations between bodyweight (PV) and the biometric measurements of 90 Creole cattle, of both sexes and diverse ages, from the Conayca Community in Huancavelica, Peru, to define prediction equations of PV. Head width (AC), head length (LC), chest width (ATO), chest height (ALT), body length (LCU), chest perimeter (PT), height at the withers (ACR), rump width (AGR), rump length (LGR), anterior fetlock perimeter (PCA), lumbar back distance (DDL), rump height (ALG), chest length (LTO), body length (LAC) and abdominal perimeter (PAB) were measured. The observations were analysed using linear models, including the effect of sex and age based on teeth growth. The biometric measurements were adjusted in a first order multiple linear regression to obtain the prediction equations of PV of the animals. Dental age was the most important sourc...

The aim of this study was to determine the degradability of the association of forages and crop residues commonly used to feed cattle in the Huancavelica Region. The forage associations were white clover-Italian ryegrass and red clover-dactylis, while the harvest residues were maize, oat straw, peas, beans and quinoa. For the determination of the degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF), three rumen fistulated Brown Swiss cattle were used. Samples of forages and harvest residues were placed in nylon bags and incubated for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Time zero (t0) was used for the calculation of the soluble fraction. The DM, CP and NDF degradability were influenced by forages and crop residues (p<0.05). The greater potential degradability of the DM and CP, and effective degradability of the DM, CP and NDF give the white clover-Itali...

The aim of this study was to determine the kinetic parameters of in situ degradation of dry matter (MS), crude protein (PC) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of four single or mixed forages: 1) alfalfa; 2) alfalfa-red clover; 3) alfalfa-dactylis; 4) oats, and two concentrates: cotton paste and ground barley, as well the estimation of the DM consumption of these forages using three cattle with ruminal fistula. Five grams of sample were incubated for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours for forages and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours for concentrates. The zero time (t0) was used to calculate the soluble fraction. The potential and effective degradability at the 2, 5 and 8%/h passages rates of the MS, PC and NDF were different for forages and concentrates. The constant degradation rates (c) of the PC of the association alfalfa-dactylis, oats (fodder), cotton paste and ground barley indicate that ...

The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic correlations between bodyweight (PV) and the biometric measurements of 90 Creole cattle, of both sexes and diverse ages, from the Conayca Community in Huancavelica, Peru, to define prediction equations of PV. Head width (AC), head length (LC), chest width (ATO), chest height (ALT), body length (LCU), chest perimeter (PT), height at the withers (ACR), rump width (AGR), rump length (LGR), anterior fetlock perimeter (PCA), lumbar back distance (DDL), rump height (ALG), chest length (LTO), body length (LAC) and abdominal perimeter (PAB) were measured. The observations were analysed using linear models, including the effect of sex and age based on teeth growth. The biometric measurements were adjusted in a first order multiple linear regression to obtain the prediction equations of PV of the animals. Dental age was the most important sourc...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the kinetic parameters of in situ degradation of dry matter (DM), crude protein (PC) and the estimation of DM intake of forages and concentrated feeds by prediction equations in Huacaya alpacas (Vicugna pacos). The study included maize silage (Zea mays L) without and with 1% urea, barley (Hordeum vulgare L), oats (Avena sativa L), wheat bran (Triticum aestivum L) and potato scrap (Solanum tuberosum). The feeds (5 g on dry basis) were placed in nylon bags and incubated during 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 76 hours in the first stomach compartment of two fistulated alpacas. The MS and the PC of the residues in the nylon bags were analyzed. The DM and PC of wheat bran and potato scrap showed high degradation potential, as well as MS and PC of oats. The highest non-degradable fraction of the PC of the maize with and without urea is highlighted and, therefore...

The study was conducted at the Alpaicayan Experimental Centre, Daniel Alcides Carrión National University, Pasco, Peru, with the objective of determining the forage production and nutritional quality of oats associated with vetch. Forage production was determined in green matter content (GM), dry matter (DM) and percent of dry matter (%DM). For the nutritional value, crude protein (%CP), neutral detergent fibre (%NDF), acid detergent fibre (%ADF), calcium (%Ca) and phosphorus (%P) were determined. The treatments were T-1 (Creole oat, 150 kg/ha), T-2 (Mantaro 15 oat, 110 kg/ha), T-3 (Mantaro 15 oat plus vetch, 110 and 30 kg/ha) and T-4 (creole oat plus vetch, 150 and 30 kg/ha). GM production indicated that T-1 and T-4 were similar but significantly greater than T-2 and T-3 (p<0.05); however, without significant differences in DM production between treatments. T-4 obtained the largest ...

The aim of the present study was to determine phenotypic correlations between body weight of the alpaca at shearing (PCE), greasy fleece weight (PVS), clean fleece weight (PVL), performance of the fibre Andalusia wash (RFL), mean diameter of the fibre (DMF), fibre length (LF), number of loops (NR), incidence of spinal cord fibres (IM), body weight at parturition (PCP) and body weight of calf at birth (PCC). The study considered 185 white Huacaya alpacas, 1 to 7 years old, from the Lachocc Experimental Center of South American Camelids, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, in 2007 and 2008. The phenotypic correlations were: PVS-PVL = 0.99, PVS-LF = 0.55, PVS-DMF = 0.52, PVS-PCE = 0.41, PVL-LF = 0.57, PVL-DMF = 0.54, PVL-PCE = 0.43 (p<0.01). Fleece weight does not show any interference with main characteristics related to fibre production, and due to the high interrelation between dirt...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar correlaciones fenotípicas entre peso corporal de la alpaca a la esquila (PCE), peso de vellón sucio (PVS), peso de vellón limpio (PVL), rendimiento de la fibra al lavado (RFL), diámetro medio de las fibras (DMF), longitud de fibra (LF), número de rizos (NR), incidencia de fibras meduladas (IM), peso corporal de la alpaca al parto (PCP) y peso de la cría al nacimiento (PCC). Se trabajó con 185 alpacas Huacaya, blancas, de 1 a 7 años de edad, del Centro Experimental de Camélidos Sudamericanos Lachocc de la Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, durante los años 2007 y 2008. Las correlaciones fenotípicas fueron: PVS-PVL = 0.99, PVS-LF = 0.55, PVS-DMF = 0.52, PVS-PCE = 0.41, PVL-LF = 0.57, PVL-DMF = 0.54, PVL-PCE = 0.43 (p<0.01). El peso de vellón no presentó antagonismo con las principales características relacionadas a la pr...

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los parámetros cinéticos de la degradación in situ de la materia seca (MS), proteína cruda (PC) y la estimación del consumo mediante ecuaciones de predicción de MS de forrajes y alimentos concentrados en alpacas Huacaya (Vicugna pacos). Se trabajó con ensilado de maíz chala (Zea mays L) sin y con 1% de urea, cebada (Hordeum vulgare L), avena (Avena sativa L), salvado de trigo (Triticum aestivum L) y raspa de papa (Solanum tuberosum). Los alimentos (5 g en base seca) fueron colocados en sacos de nylon e incubados en el primer compartimento estomacal de dos alpacas fistuladas durante 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 y 76 horas. Se analizó la MS y la PC de los residuos de los sacos. La MS y la PC del salvado de trigo y de la raspa de papa presentaron potenciales de degradación elevados, así como la MS y la PC de la avena. Se destaca la mayor fracción no deg...

El estudio se realizó en el Centro Experimental Alpaicayán, Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Pasco, Perú, con el objetivo fue determinar la producción forrajera y calidad nutricional de la avena asociada con vicia. Se determinó la producción forrajera en contenidos de materia verde (MV), materia seca (MS) y el porcentaje de materia seca (%MS). Para el valor nutricional se determinaron la proteína cruda (%PC), fibra detergente neutro (%FDN), fibra detergente ácido (%FDA), calcio (%Ca) y fósforo (%P). Los tratamientos fueron T-1 (avena criolla, 150 kg/ha), T-2 (avena Mantaro 15, 110 kg/ha), T- 3 (avena Mantaro 15 más vicia, 110 y 30 kg/ha) y T-4 (avena criolla más vicia, 150 y 30 kg/ha). La producción de MV indicó que T-1 y T-4 fue similar, pero significativamente superior a T-2 y T-3 (p<0.05); sin embargo, sin diferencias significativas en producción de MS entre...

The objective of the study was to determine the bromatological composition of the ammonification of oats hay subjected to four levels of urea and three of water. A completely randomized design was used with four repetitions in a 4x3 factorial scheme. The levels of urea (2, 4, 6%, based on dry matter) and water (20, 30, 40%) added were evaluated. The processed oats were stored in PVC microsilos of 10x60 cm for 60 days. At the opening of the silos, samples were collected to determine DM, CP, mineral matter (MM), NDF and ADF, plus hemicellulose by the difference between the latter components. The DM decreased linearly when using the water levels with 2, 4 and 6% urea. The average CP content increased cubically with the addition of urea (14.52%) in relation to urea-free silage (6.70%) and decreased with water levels (11.89 vs. 9.92%). There was no effect of the urea or water levels on the co...

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la composición bromatológica de la amonificación del heno de avena sometido a cuatro niveles de urea y tres de agua. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones en esquema factorial de 4x3. Se evaluaron los niveles de urea (2, 4, 6%, en base a materia seca) y de agua (20, 30, 40%) adicionada. La avena tratada fue almacenada en microsilos de tubos de PVC de 10x60 cm durante 60 días. A la apertura de los silos se colectaron muestras para determinar MS, PC, materia mineral (MM), FDN y FDA, y por diferencia entre estos últimos se determinó la hemicelulosa. La MS disminuyó linealmente al utilizar los niveles de agua con 2, 4 y 6% de urea. El contenido medio de PC aumentó de forma cúbica con la adición de urea (14.52%) con relación al ensilado libre de urea (6.70%) y disminuyó con los niveles de agua (11.89 vs. 9.92%)....

The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation of the chemical composition and the performance of the oats-vetch, wheat-vetch and barley-vetch associations in various proportions of sowing in the form of hydroponic crops. The study was carried out in the city of Huancavelica, Peru, at 3690 meters above sea level. In total, 90 trays of 704 cm2 were used, with a density of 2.5 kg of seed/m2. Associations of oats/vetch (O/V), barley/ vetch (B/V) and wheat/vetch (W/V) with six proportions of grass/legume were used: 100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 20/80 and 0/100. The fresh biomass production (FBP) and the chemical composition of the percentage fractions of dry matter (DM%), organic matter (OM%), neutral detergent fibre (NDF%), ethereal extract (EE%), crude protein (CP%) and total minerals (TM%) were determined. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with a factorial arrangeme...