Con la finalidad de aislar y caracterizar molecularmente bacterias endofíticas de la planta acuática Elodea potamogeton (llachu) que crece en aguas eutrofizadas de la Bahía Interior del Lago Titicaca mediante el análisis del gen 16S rDNA, se tomaron muestras de la planta y del agua circundante para un análisis químico (pH, fosfatos, nitritos y nitratos). La desinfección de la planta se realizó primero por lavados con agua y luego sometidos a la acción del alcohol 70% e hipoclorito de sodio 0,5%. Luego se procedió a aislar y obtener cultivos puros de las bacterias endofíticas mediante trituración, centrifugación y cultivo en medio Luria-Bertani (LB). Se eligieron tres cepas para su resembrado por tres veces en agar realizándose un análisis morfológico de las colonias a simple vista. Posteriormente, se extrajo DNA mediante la mezcla fenol-cloroformo-alcohol isoamílico (25;...

Con el objeto de evaluar el efecto de la hipoxia crónica de las grandes altitudes sobre la función y daño hepático en alcohólicos crónicos y sanos se requirió la colaboración voluntaria de 100 personas de sexo masculino, mayores de 18 años con residencia permanente en gran altitud (Puno,3825 msnm) y a nivel del mar (Camaná, 25 msnm). El diseño estadístico fue conducido en un Factorial 2 x 2, nivel altitudinal (bajo y alto) y estado clínico del paciente (alcohólido y no alcohólico) y conformado por 25 personas cada uno. Se tomaron muestras de sangre con finalidad de determinar la actividad sérica mediante kits comerciales (Wiener Lab.) de las siguientes enzimas: alanina aminotransferasa (ALT), aspartato aminotransferasa (AST), γ-glutamil transpeptidasa (GGT), fosfatasa alcalina (ALP) y colinesterasa (CHE). Para la confirmación del diagnóstico de alcoholismo crónico, ad...

El objetivo fue aislar y caracterizar molecularmente bacterias endofíticas del “llachu”, planta acuática del Lago Titicaca que sobrevive en ambientes hipereutrofizados. Para el aislamiento, las muestras fueron desinfectadas en alcohol 70%, hipoclorito de sodio 0,5% y Tween 80%; luego, se homogenizaron y una alícuota sembrada en medio Luria-Bertani (LB). Se eligieron tres cepas para su resembrado en agar LB sólido. De las cepas puras, se extrajo DNA con la mezcla fenol-cloroformo-alcohol isoamílico. Se amplificó el gen 16S rDNA por PCR; los amplicones se remitieron para su secuenciamiento. Las secuencias se editaron con BioEdit 7.0.0 y se eligieron secuencias similares con BLASTn del GenBank, se hizo el alineamiento múltiple de secuencias con Clustal W. Para las relaciones evolutivas se utilizó el MEGA7 construyéndose árboles filogenéticos por el método de Neighbor-Joining...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant neoplastic disease that affects various animal species in many parts of the world causing economic losses of varying degrees. In the Peruvian highlands this disease has not yet been reported, so in the present work a macro and microscopic pathological study of SCC is performed. For this purpose 3 ewes with skin tumor were taken from different parts of the Puno region, these specimens were sacrificed, necropsied and samples of tumor tissue and regional lymph nodes were taken for histopathological study. The studies were done in the Laboratory of Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNA Puno. The results were as follows: tumoral lesions with bleeding surface, cauliflower appearance, cut resistant and two of them strongly metastatic in regional lymph nodes were observed in the 3 cases. Microscopic lesions were chara...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant neoplastic disease that affects various animal species in many parts of the world causing economic losses of varying degrees. In the Peruvian highlands this disease has not yet been reported, so in the present work a macro and microscopic pathological study of SCC is performed. For this purpose 3 ewes with skin tumor were taken from different parts of the Puno region, these specimens were sacrificed, necropsied and samples of tumor tissue and regional lymph nodes were taken for histopathological study. The studies were done in the Laboratory of Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNA Puno. The results were as follows: tumoral lesions with bleeding surface, cauliflower appearance, cut resistant and two of them strongly metastatic in regional lymph nodes were observed in the 3 cases. Microscopic lesions were chara...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant neoplastic disease that affects various animal species in many parts of the world causing economic losses of varying degrees. In the Peruvian highlands this disease has not yet been reported, so in the present work a macro and microscopic pathological study of SCC is performed. For this purpose 3 ewes with skin tumor were taken from different parts of the Puno region, these specimens were sacrificed, necropsied and samples of tumor tissue and regional lymph nodes were taken for histopathological study. The studies were done in the Laboratory of Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNA Puno. The results were as follows: tumoral lesions with bleeding surface, cauliflower appearance, cut resistant and two of them strongly metastatic in regional lymph nodes were observed in the 3 cases. Microscopic lesions were chara...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant neoplastic disease that affects various animal species in many parts of the world causing economic losses of varying degrees. In the Peruvian highlands this disease has not yet been reported, so in the present work a macro and microscopic pathological study of SCC is performed. For this purpose 3 ewes with skin tumor were taken from different parts of the Puno region, these specimens were sacrificed, necropsied and samples of tumor tissue and regional lymph nodes were taken for histopathological study. The studies were done in the Laboratory of Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNA Puno. The results were as follows: tumoral lesions with bleeding surface, cauliflower appearance, cut resistant and two of them strongly metastatic in regional lymph nodes were observed in the 3 cases. Microscopic lesions were chara...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematological constants of the red and white series in suri (Rhea pennata) in captivity in the Peruvian high plateau, considering, in addition, the sex and age variables. Sampling was done on 28 individuals from the Lupaca Rescue Center, El Collao province, Puno region, Peru, at 4530 m. The birds were 14 females and 14 males, corresponding to seven juveniles (12-23 months) and seven adults (more than 24 months) in each case. The animals were apparently healthy. The blood samples were obtained after fasting in the morning by puncture in the axillary vein. The count of erythrocytes and leukocytes was determined using the Neubauer hemocytometer, the Natt-Herrick solution and blood smear stained with the Wrigth stain, hematocrit by microhematocrit, and hemoglobin by spectrophotometry using the cyanometahemoglobin method. The hematological values betw...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematological constants of the red and white series in suri (Rhea pennata) in captivity in the Peruvian high plateau, considering, in addition, the sex and age variables. Sampling was done on 28 individuals from the Lupaca Rescue Center, El Collao province, Puno region, Peru, at 4530 m. The birds were 14 females and 14 males, corresponding to seven juveniles (12-23 months) and seven adults (more than 24 months) in each case. The animals were apparently healthy. The blood samples were obtained after fasting in the morning by puncture in the axillary vein. The count of erythrocytes and leukocytes was determined using the Neubauer hemocytometer, the Natt-Herrick solution and blood smear stained with the Wrigth stain, hematocrit by microhematocrit, and hemoglobin by spectrophotometry using the cyanometahemoglobin method. The hematological values betw...

Diarrhea in alpacas is a clinically significant condition and the primary cause of morbidity in neonatal Peruvian alpacas. This study aimed to correlate early diarrhea in crias of alpaca with changes in the microbiota community. A total of 19 alpacas (aged 1–2 months) were collected, including nine with a health condition and ten healthy ones. Fecal samples were obtained under sterile conditions and their DNA was extracted. Sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted in the Illumina platform, followed by bioinformatics analysis. Reduced microbial diversity was evident in alpacas afflicted with diarrhea, delineating contrasting microbial compositions in comparison to their healthy counterparts. The study characterized the predominant bacterial classes and phyla within the gut microbiota, with Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobiota, and Bacteroidota collectively constituting...

Alpacas, important genetic resources in the Andean region of Peru, are vulnerable to diarrhea caused by pathogenic parasites such as Eimeria lamae and Giardia sp., which can be fatal, especially in neonates, due to their physiological immaturity and limited adaptability. The study investigated the diversity and abundance of intestinal fungi and protists in alpacas infected with Eimeria lamae and Giardia sp. compared to healthy alpacas. A total of 19 alpacas, aged between one and two months, were included. They were divided into two groups, one with pathological conditions (nine) and the other healthy (ten). Parasitological analyses for the detection of parasites and subsequent molecular analysis were performed on the collected fecal samples. The results revealed a greater diversity and abundance of protists in infected alpacas in comparison with healthy alpacas, while the fungal composit...

This study aimed to determine the impact of age on the fecal microbiota in the genetic nucleus of cattle, with a focus on microbial richness, composition, functional diversity, and correlations with blood parameters. Fecal and blood samples from 21 cattle were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Older cattle exhibited greater bacterial diversity and abundance, with significant changes in alpha diversity indices (p < 0.05). Beta diversity analysis revealed significant variations in microbial composition between age groups and the interaction of age and sex (p < 0.05). Correlations between alpha diversity, community composition, and hematological values highlighted the influence of microbiota on bovine health. Beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, were more abundant in older cattle, suggesting a role in gut health. Functional diversity analysis indicated tha...

This study investigates gender-based differences in the gut microbiota of Simmental cattle, focusing on bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using high-throughput sequencing, with taxonomic classification performed through the SILVA and UNITE databases. Alpha and beta diversity metrics were assessed, revealing significant differences in the diversity and composition of archaeal communities between males and females. Notably, females exhibited higher alpha diversity in archaea, while beta diversity analyses indicated distinct clustering of bacterial and archaeal communities by gender. The study also identified correlations between specific microbial taxa and hematological parameters, with Treponema and Methanosphaera showing gender-specific associations that may influence cattle health and productivity. These findings highlight the importa...