Early diagnosis of childhood cancer is important to improve the survival of pediatric patients and avoid the high mortality that comes with late diagnosis of this pathology. This narrative review article presents the importance of early diagnosis of childhood cancer and the various strategies developed in recent years in Latin America and Peru in conjunction with international organizations.

ABSTRACT Objectives: Ovarian germ cell tumors (OGCT) represent about 4.1% of the pediatric neoplasms at the Instituto Nacional De Enfermedades Neoplasicas (INEN). The aim is our study is to determine the Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in girls with OGCT at the INEN attended between January 2008 and December 2015. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Thirty-three patients with OGCT under 15 years of age were seen in the study period; eight of them were excluded because inclusion criteria were not met. Patients received chemotherapy with bleomycin 15mg/m2 and cisplatin 100mg/m2 on day 1, and etoposide 150 mg/m2 on days 1 to 3. The OS and DFS were evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Between 2008 and 2015, 33 girls have been treated. Mean age was 11 years (range 5 to 14 years). The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain and tumor in 81% and 8...

Introduction: This article summarizes the clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric patients. Objective: To provide health professionals with evidence-informed recommendations for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric patients. Methods: A guideline development group (GDG) was formed, including medical specialists and methodologists, which formulated 7 clinical questions. Systematic searches for systematic reviews and –when considered pertinent– primary studies were conducted in PubMed, Central, and Lilacs during June-August 2024. Evidence was selected to answer each of the clinical questions posed. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic work meetings, the GDG used the GRADE methodology to review t...