The present study compared productive parameters in broilers supplemented with a probiotic Biomin® Poultry 5 Star (Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Bifidobacterium animalis, Lactobacillus salivarius y Lactobacillus reuteri) versus an antibiotic (Bacitracin). A total of 333 chicks were divided into three treatments of 111 animals with 3 repetitions for group: 1 control; 2 antibiotic; 3 probiotic. During the six weeks of the study no statistical differences were found between treatments for body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, mortality rate, and productive efficiency index.

El estudio comparó parámetros productivos de pollos de carne suplementados con un probiótico Biomin® Poultry 5 Star (Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Bifidobacterium animalis, Lactobacillus salivarius y Lactobacillus reuteri) versus un antibiótico (Zinc Bacitracina). Se usaron 333 aves divididas en tres tratamientos de 111 animales con 3 repeticiones por tratamiento: 1, control; 2, antibiótico; y 3, probiótico. En las seis semanas de crianza no se encontró diferencia significativa entre tratamientos para peso corporal, consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia (ICA), porcentaje de mortalidad y el índice de eficiencia productiva (IEP).

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a mixture of organic acids and their salts on the productive parameters in broilers. A total of 133 1-day-old male chicks of the Cobb Vantress 500 Line were distributed in three treatments with three repetitions per treatment: T1, diet with Zinc-Bacitracin; T2, diet containing organic acids; and T3, control treatment, diet without growth promoter. At 42 days of age, feed conversion in T2 was 5.2% less than in T3 (p<0.05); however, no statistical differences were observed between treatments regarding body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, mortality rate and productive efficiency index. The results showed that organic acids can efficiently replace the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in the diets of broilers

Se evaluó el efecto de la suplementación de una mezcla de ácidos orgánicos y sus sales sobre los parámetros productivos en pollos de engorde. Se utilizaron 333 pollos machos de un día de edad de la línea Cobb-Vantress 500, divididos en tres tratamientos con tres repeticiones por tratamiento: T1, dieta con antibiótico Zinc Bacitracina; T2, dieta con ácidos orgánicos, y T3, tratamiento control, dieta sin promotor de crecimiento. A los 42 días de edad, la conversión alimenticia de T2 fue 5.2% menor que T3 (p<0.05); sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre tratamientos por efecto del peso corporal, ganancia de peso, consumo de alimento, porcentaje de mortalidad e índice de eficiencia productiva. Los resultados permiten concluir que los ácidos orgánicos pueden remplazar eficientemente a los promotores de crecimiento tipo antibióticos en la alimentación...

A volcanic dome complex of Miocene age hosts the In-bearing Ánimas–Chocaya–Siete Suyos district in SW Bolivia. Ore mineralization occurs as banded and massive infillings in sub-vertical, NE-SW striking veins. In this article, a detailed petrographic study is combined with in situ mineral geochemistry determinations in ore from the Arturo, Chorro and Diez veins in the Siete Suyos mine, the Ánimas, Burton, Colorada, and Rosario veins in the Ánimas mine and the Nueva vein in the Chocaya mine. A three-stage paragenetic sequence is roughly determined for all of them, and includes (1) an early low-sulfidation stage that is dominated by cassiterite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, and high-Fe sphalerite (FeS > 21 mol. %); (2) a second intermediate-sulfidation stage dominated by pyrite + marcasite ± intermediate product, sphalerite (FeS < 21 mol. %), stannite, and local famatinite; and, (3) a ...

The Huari Huari deposit, Potosí Department in SW Bolivia, hosts polymetallic stratiform and vein mineralization of Miocene age with significant concentrations of the critical metal indium (In). Vein mineralization records document early crystallization of quartz and cassiterite followed by prominent associations of sulfides and sulfosalts. The earliest sulfide was arsenopyrite, followed by pyrrhotite, and progressively giving way to pyrite as the main iron sulfide, whereas C-u-Ag-Pb sulfosalts constitute late hypogene associations. Sphalerite is the chief ore mineral, and its crystallization is extended during most of the mineralization lifespan as evidenced by its initial cocrystallization with pyrrhotine, then with pyrite, and finally with Ag-Pb sulfosalts. The composition of sphalerite varies from early to late generations with a continuous decrease in FeS that attests to a decrease ...