Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Horticultura

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en el fundo “Santa Delfina” ubicado en el Valle de Casma, Ancash, con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de ocho cultivares de pimiento tipo “Ancho” (Capsicum annuum L.) y determinar cuál de estos se adaptan mejor en términos de rendimiento y calidad de fruto. El diseño estadístico utilizado fue bloques completos al azar con ocho tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Hubo diferencias significativas en todas las variables evaluadas. Se concluye que los cultivares que presentaron mayor precocidad fueron Amazonas, Limeño y Máncora, con 20 días de ventaja en la cosecha. Los mejores cultivares para el rendimiento de frutos frescos por hectárea fueron Huizache, San Juan y Caballero con 55,71 ton/ha, 51,99 ton/ha y 51,71 ton/ha, respectivamente. Los que presentaron el mayor rendimiento comercial en seco fueron los...

Híbridos con heterosis útil superan a las variedades que siembra el agricultor, híbridos con heterosis o heterobeltiosis positiva superan a sus progenitores que son líneas endocriadas (que han perdido vigor) que siembra el mejorador. Con los objetivos de (1) identificar híbridos con valores de heterosis útil promisorios y (2) averiguar la posibilidad de seleccionar híbridos superiores en base a caracteres asociados al rendimiento de grano, se han evaluado 27 genotipos de maíz amarillo duro en condiciones de siembra en secano en la campaña de abril – agosto del 2016 en Tarapoto, bajo el Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar con tres repeticiones. Se evaluaron: aspecto de plántula, altura de planta, altura de mazorca, total de hojas, hojas sobre la mazorca superior, número de mazorcas, diámetro de tallo, peso de una mazorca, porcentaje de desgrane, hileras/mazorca, granos/hile...

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of mepiquat chloride applied at three times and three different doses: in the development, yield and quality of the cultivation of “escabeche” chili pepper (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum). In this experiment, a 23 factorial arrangement was used in a randomized complete block statistical design (DBCA) with four replications, the analysis of variance (ANVA) and the Duncan comparison test of means at 5% for the factors and levels were performed. The doses and moments evaluated were: mepiquat chloride at d1: 250; d2: 375 and d3: 500 ppm; application times at m1: 20, m2: 35 and m3: 50 days after transplanting. No statistically significant differences were found for the interaction of the dose x moment factor, nor for the moment factor. However, statistically significant differences were found for the dose factor and its levels in the v...

The production and export of avocado fruits, cultivar Hass, has grown exponentially in recent years in Peru, however, a high incidence of symptoms such as regressive death, cankers on plant branches, and fruit rot have been observed affecting optimal crop production and fruit quality. These symptoms are mainly generated by Lasiodiplodia theobromae fungus, whose control is limited to a few active ingredients that tend to generate pathogen resistance. The present investigation had as objective to evaluate the inducing effect of resistance in the control of Lasiodiplodia theobromae in avocado (Persea americana) cultivar Hass of five bioproducts: ProtecSea, Barrera, Timorex Gold, T 22, Vacun Q Pro and water as a control treatment, with a total of 6 treatments with 4 replications, 3 avocado trees per replication.  One-year-old avocado trees cultivar Hass were used. Treatments were applied th...

Onion crop begins with seedling preparation and finishes with transplanting. In some Peruvian onion-productive areas, it is assumed that seedling thickness is important to have a better yield. Four different seedling thickness of red onion (Allium cepa L.) were evaluated between February and June 2017 in Santa Rita de Siguas, Arequipa, Peru. The seedling thicknesses evaluated were very thin (2.00 mm – 3.49 mm), thin (3.50 mm – 4.99 mm), standard (5.00 mm – 6.49 mm) and thick (6.50 mm – 7.99 mm). The plant density was 340 000 plants ha−1. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four treatments and five replications. The variables evaluated were plant height (cm), leaf number, stemlike diameter (mm), bulb diameter (mm), total yield (t ha−1), and marketable yield categories (t ha−1). The leaf number, plant height, and stemlike diameter among treatments wer...

Botrytis cinerea Pers. (B.C.) is the phytopathogen responsible for a wide range of symptom in crops of great importance, such as tomato. Fungicide application are mainly used to control this pathogen; however, their excessive use leads to the development of resistant strains, environmental pollution, and harmful effects on human health. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of two foliar fertilizers contain copper, zinc, and citric acid to reduce gray mold B.C. damage in “Huascarán” tomato plants. In laboratory conditions, the effects of the foliar fertilizers on the inhibition of mycelial growth at 6 DAI (days after inoculation) with poisoned PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium were evaluated; and in the field conditions, the foliar fertilizers were sprayed by eight weeks varying the application frequency in one and two weeks. The results showed that in laboratory co...

Early assessment of crop development is a key aspect of precision agriculture. Shortening the time of response before a deficit of irrigation, nutrients and damage by diseases is one of the usual concerns in agriculture. Early prediction of crop yields can increase profitability for the farmer’s economy. In this study, we aimed to predict the yield of four maize commercial hybrids (Dekalb7508, Advanta9313, MH_INIA619 and Exp_05PMLM) using vegetation indices (VIs). A total of 10 VIs (NDVI, GNDVI, GCI, RVI, NDRE, CIRE, CVI, MCARI, SAVI, and CCCI) were considered for evaluating crop yield and plant cover at 31, 39, 42, 46 and 51 days after sowing (DAS). A multivariate analysis was applied using principal component analysis (PCA), linear regression, and r-Pearson correlation. Highly significant correlations were found between plant cover with VIs at 46 (GNDVI, GCI, RVI, NDRE, CIRE and CCCI...