En las plantaciones de cacao criollo fino de aroma de la selva central de Perú, existe una alta incidencia de plagas insectiles y fungosas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue disminuir la incidencia de estas plagas, a menos de 5 frutos dañados/planta, e incrementar la productividad en más de 50 %, con tecnología de bajo costo, que resulta de fácil adopción por pequeños, medianos productores y comunidades nativas, sin contaminar el medio ambiente. La metodología del experimento fue en campo y laboratorio, mediante un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, con 6 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. Los tratamientos aplicados fueron: T1- kallpapacha (200 mL / 20 L de agua), T2 - Goliat (300 g /20 L), T3 - Super Fungicob (50 g / 20 L), T4 - Trichoderma (200 g/ 20 L), T5 trichoderma + Pochonia (200 g cada una/20 L) y T6 (Testigo). Se evaluaron número de frutos sanos, número de frut...

En las plantaciones de cacao criollo fino de aroma de la selva central de Perú, existe una alta incidencia de plagas insectiles y fungosas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue disminuir la incidencia de estas plagas, a menos de 5 frutos dañados/planta, e incrementar la productividad en más de 50 %, con tecnología de bajo costo, que resulta de fácil adopción por pequeños, medianos productores y comunidades nativas, sin contaminar el medio ambiente. La metodología del experimento fue en campo y laboratorio, mediante un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, con 6 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. Los tratamientos aplicados fueron: T1- kallpapacha (200 mL / 20 L de agua), T2 - Goliat (300 g /20 L), T3 - Super Fungicob (50 g / 20 L), T4 - Trichoderma (200 g/ 20 L), T5 trichoderma + Pochonia (200 g cada una/20 L) y T6 (Testigo). Se evaluaron número de frutos sanos, número de frut...

Climate change and livestock expansion have affected forage supply in the dry tropics. Therefore, optimizing planting methods adapted to adverse tropical environments is essential for establishment and yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different planting methods on the establishment rate, morphology, yield, and nutritional composition of Cuba OM-22 under the soil and climate conditions of the dry tropics of Peru, using a block design with four replicates and five methods for propagation by cuttings. The S4 (two-node cuttings, 25 cm in length; horizontal position 180°, parallel to the soil surface; fully buried at 8 cm depth; no spacing between cuttings along the furrow) method offered the best balance between yield and quality, with higher establishment rate (55.93%), height (182.15 cm; higher than S1 and S5), and more tillers (surpassing S1 and S2 by 16.9...

Grassland ecosystems cover about 25% of the Earth’s surface, providing essential ecosystem services that benefit nature, people, and food security. This study evaluated agronomic and nutritional parameters of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) based on fertilization levels and cutting frequency in the Amazonas department. The INIA 910—Kumymarca variety was used with nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 60, 120, 180 kg/ha) and cutting intervals of 30 and 45 days for agronomic traits and 30, 45, and 60 days for nutritional traits. A randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications was applied. Repeated measures analysis and Tukey’s mean comparison tests (p < 0.005) were performed, along with Pearson correlation and response surface analysis using the central composite design in R. The results showed that applying 180 kg/ha of nitrogen with a 45-day cutting in...

Scenarios of climate change, extensive land use, soil degradation, the loss of native forest cover due to monoculture expansion, and pasture scarcity pose new challenges to livestock farming worldwide. Associated crops emerge as an alternative to mitigate these factors; however, selecting compatible species that do not generate competition and optimize the attributes of the forage is a necessity. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of a maize and bean association, and cutting time on the morphological variables, yield, and nutritional composition of forage. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a 3A × 3C factorial arrangement and three blocks was used. Factor A (associations) had three levels: INIA-604-Morocho maize monoculture (M), M+PER1003544 chaucha bean association (M+F1), and M+PER1003551 chaucha bean association (M+F2). Factor C (maize cutting stage) had three lev...