Introduction: Stunting shows a downward trend in Peru; however, this behavior is not homogeneous between regions or sex. Objective: To determine the trend of stunting according to political region and sex in Peru during the period 2007-2018. Materials and methods: An observational analytical study was carried out using the databases of the Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) between the years 2007 to 2018. Regions were ranked according to their relative difference in DCI reduction. The Chi Square Trend test was used to identify significant differences between the years for each region; In addition, the ratio between girls and boys with stunting by region and year was assessed, applying Pearson's Chi-Square test for difference in proportions. Results: At the national level, the DCI was reduced by 17 percentage points, this reduction was significant in 22 of 24 regions. The r...

Objectives. To assess the nutritional status, physical activity, and eating habits of schoolchildren in Cercado de Lima (Lima district). Materials and methods. Cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample included schoolchildren from first to fourth grade in four public elementary schools located in Cercado de Lima. The study variables were nutritional status, hemoglobin dose, physical activity, and eating habits. The percentages of the qualitative variables and central tendency measures for quantitative ones were calculated. The t-test and chi-squared test were applied to analyze differences between both genders. Results. Of 824 schoolchildren included in the study, 24% were obese, 22% were overweight, 5% had short stature, and 11.9% had anemia; in all instances, there were no substantial gender differences. More than 40% of schoolchildren would eat crackers and drink packaged juice an...

Objectives. Analyze the nutritional changes among current and old beneficiaries of the Food and Nutrition Program for Outpatients with Tuberculosis and their Family (PANTBC, Spanish acronym). Materials and methods. A secondary analysis was conducted based on the anthropometric measurements with the body mass index (BMI) in current and old beneficiaries of the PANTBC program. The measurements were taken at the baseline, second and fifth or sixth month, and the distribution of the nutritional status was analyzed at baseline as compared to the endpoint (McNemar-Bowker test). Results. Information about 409 current beneficiaries and 110 old beneficiaries were included. A progressive decline in low weight as well as an increase in overweight were observed in both current and old beneficiaries (IMC<18.5). The results of the third measurement showed that 57.7% of current beneficiaries who starte...

Introduction: Stunting shows a downward trend in Peru; however, this behavior is not homogeneous between regions or sex. Objective: To determine the trend of stunting according to political region and sex in Peru during the period 2007-2018. Materials and methods: An observational analytical study was carried out using the databases of the Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) between the years 2007 to 2018. Regions were ranked according to their relative difference in DCI reduction. The Chi Square Trend test was used to identify significant differences between the years for each region; In addition, the ratio between girls and boys with stunting by region and year was assessed, applying Pearson's Chi-Square test for difference in proportions. Results: At the national level, the DCI was reduced by 17 percentage points, this reduction was significant in 22 of 24 regions. The r...

The present study consists of observing the relationship between immunizations and anemia in children under 5 years of age. Anemia is a public health problem worldwide and Latin America is no exception. Particularly, for the Peruvian case, approximately one third of children under 5 years of age present this disease. The consequences vary depending on the degree of anemia that occurs; Mild anemia being the most common case among minors. In order to combat anemia, the Peruvian Ministry of Health proposes various actions, including vaccination against rotavirus and pneumococcus as some of them. From this perspective, the question arises if there is a relationship between immunization and anemia. For this, taking information from the Demographic Survey of Family Health (ENDES), estimates are made regarding the possession and level of anemia in children under 5 years of age, taking as the ma...

Introduction: Food insecurity (FI) is a public health problem affecting many regions of the world. In Venezuela, the political, social and economic situation experienced since 2010 has caused a mass migration of its population to other countries, including Peru, which, in turn, may have limited access to and availability of food leading to a high nutritional burden in this population. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and analyze the determinants of FI in the households of Venezuelan immigrants in Peru. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the “Encuesta Dirigida a la Población Venezolana que Reside en el País” (ENPOVE 2022). The dependent variable was moderate–severe FI (yes/no), which was constructed from an eight-item Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) to measure FI at the household level. Poisson log generalized linear regression ...

Objectives. To assess the implementation of the Universal “Chispitas®” Multimicronutrient Supplement Program in Apurimac by determining the quantity and quality of sachets consumed and their connection with anemia, in 6 – 35-month-old children. Materials and methods. A crosscut study was conducted by using a multistage sample in 2010. Anemia was considered to be related to altitude-adjusted hemoglobin values below 110 g/L. The consumption of multimicronutrients was classified as follows: less than 30; 30 to 59, and 60 or more sachets. The quality of consumption was considered to be adequate when the mother indicated that the child ate all his food with the supplement. The rationale for prevalence (RPa) adjusted by Poisson regression was calculated. Results. 714 participants were included, 25.3% of which lived in poor houses and 59.2% in extreme poverty; 52.6% lived at over 3000 m ...

Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren is increasing in Peru. Given the increased use of digital media, there is potential to develop effective digital health interventions to promote healthy eating practices at schools. This study investigates the needs of schoolchildren in relation to healthy eating and the potential role of digital media to inform the design of game-based nutritional interventions. Objective: This study aims to explore schoolchildren's knowledge about healthy eating and use of and preferences for digital media to inform the future development of a serious game to promote healthy eating. Methods: A survey was conducted in 17 schools in metropolitan Lima, Peru. The information was collected virtually with specific questions for the schoolchild and their caregiver during October 2021 and November 2021 and following the COVID-19 public heal...

Objectives. Evaluate and compare the macronutrient distribution of the food baskets delivered by Peruvian municipalities during the COVID-19 pandemic according to the geographic domain and assigned budget level. Materials and methods. Secondary analysis of the database “Consultation of Acquisition and distribution of basic necessities of the basic family basket” of the General Comptroller of the Republic. Stratified probability sampling was carried out. The distribution of caloric intake was calculated according to macronutrients and compared with the Acceptable Intervals of Macronutrient Distribution (IADM) of the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) and the National Institute of Civil Defense (INDECI). Results. At the national level, the median caloric intake of proteins was 7.7%; carbohydrates 62.5%; and fats 28.1%. The proportion of municipalities with a p...